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Amphetamine

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Name

Amphetamine

EINECS N/A
CAS No. 60-15-1 Density 0.958g/cm3
PSA 26.02000 LogP 2.27660
Solubility N/A Melting Point N/A
Formula C9H13N Boiling Point 234.7oC at 760 mmHg
Molecular Weight 135.209 Flash Point 98.7oC
Transport Information N/A Appearance N/A
Safety Risk Codes N/A
Molecular Structure Molecular Structure of 60-15-1 (alpha-methylphenethylamine) Hazard Symbols N/A
Synonyms

2-Aminopropylbenzene;3-Phenyl-2-propylamine;3-Phenyl-2-propanamine;1-Phenyl-2-propanamine;

Article Data 117

Amphetamine Chemical Properties

Molecular Structure:

Molecular Formula: C9H13N
Molecular Weight: 135.2062
IUPAC Name: 1-Phenylpropan-2-amine
Synonyms of Amphetamine (CAS NO.300-62-9): Benzeneethanamine, alpha-methyl- ; Benzeneethanamine, alpha-methyl-, (+-)- ; Phenethylamine, alpha-methyl- ; alpha-Methylphenethylamine ; Amphetamine, its salts, optical isomers, and salts of its optical isomers ; DEA No. 1100
CAS NO: 300-62-9
Classification Code: Adrenergic agents ; Adrenergic uptake inhibitors ; Autonomic Agents ; Central Nervous System Agents ; Central nervous system stimulants ; Dopamine agents ; Dopamine uptake inhibitors ; Drug / Therapeutic Agent ; Human Data ; Mutation data ; Neurotransmitter Agents ; Neurotransmitter Uptake Inhibitors ; Peripheral Nervous System Agents ; Reproductive Effect ; Sympathomimetics
Index of Refraction: 1.527
Molar Refractivity: 43.92 cm3
Molar Volume: 142.8 cm3
Surface Tension: 36.1 dyne/cm
Density: 0.946 g/cm3
Flash Point: 87.4 °C
Enthalpy of Vaporization: 43.77 kJ/mol
Boiling Point: 201.5 °C at 760 mmHg
Vapour Pressure: 0.307 mmHg at 25°C

Amphetamine History

1. Amphetamine (CAS NO.300-62-9) was first synthesized in 1887 by the Romanian Lazr Edeleanu in Berlin, Germany.He named the compound phenylisopropylamine.
2. From 1933 or 1934 Smith, Kline and French began selling the volatile base form of the drug as an inhaler under the trade name Benzedrine.
3. The related compound methamphetamine was first synthesized from ephedrine in Japan in 1918 by chemist Akira Ogata, via reduction of ephedrine using red phosphorus and iodine. The German military was notorious for their use of methamphetamine in World War II.
4. In 1997 and 1998,researchers at Texas A&M University claimed to have found amphetamine and methamphetamine in the foliage of two Acacia species native to Texas.
5. Amphetamines were still in use in the US Air Force as of 2003 to combat pilot fatigue.

Amphetamine Uses

  Amphetamine (CAS NO.300-62-9) (amfetamine (INN)) is a psychostimulant drug that is known to produce increased wakefulness and focus in association with decreased fatigue and appetite. It is also used to treat symptoms of traumatic brain injury and the daytime drowsiness symptoms of narcolepsy, Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome and chronic fatigue syndrome. It is used by some college and high-school students as a study and test-taking aid. It has been, and is still, used by militaries around the world.Amphetamine is also used by some professional,collegiate and high school athletes for its strong stimulant effect.

Amphetamine Toxicity Data With Reference

Organism Test Type Route Reported Dose (Normalized Dose) Effect Source
dog LDLo subcutaneous 20mg/kg (20mg/kg)   "Structure et Activite Pharmacodyanmique des Medicaments du Systeme Nerveux Vegetatif," Bovet, D., and F. Bovet-Nitti, New York, S. Karger, 1948Vol. -, Pg. 149, 1948.
guinea pig LDLo oral 200mg/kg (200mg/kg) BEHAVIORAL: TREMOR

BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD

BEHAVIORAL: EXCITEMENT
Comptes Rendus des Seances de la Societe de Biologie et de Ses Filiales. Vol. 128, Pg. 680, 1938.
guinea pig LDLo parenteral 20mg/kg (20mg/kg) BEHAVIORAL: TREMOR

BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD

BEHAVIORAL: EXCITEMENT
Comptes Rendus des Seances de la Societe de Biologie et de Ses Filiales. Vol. 128, Pg. 680, 1938.
guinea pig LDLo subcutaneous 20mg/kg (20mg/kg) BEHAVIORAL: TREMOR

BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD

BEHAVIORAL: EXCITEMENT
Comptes Rendus des Seances de la Societe de Biologie et de Ses Filiales. Vol. 128, Pg. 680, 1938.
mammal (species unspecified) LD50 intraperitoneal 65mg/kg (65mg/kg)   Biochimie. Vol. 63, Pg. 495, 1981.
mammal (species unspecified) LD50 oral 135mg/kg (135mg/kg)   Biochimie. Vol. 63, Pg. 495, 1981.
man LDLo unreported 2206ug/kg (2.206mg/kg)   "Poisoning; Toxicology, Symptoms, Treatments," 2nd ed., Arena, J.M., Springfield, IL, C.C. Thomas, 1970Vol. 2, Pg. 73, 1970.
monkey LDLo subcutaneous 20mg/kg (20mg/kg)   "Structure et Activite Pharmacodyanmique des Medicaments du Systeme Nerveux Vegetatif," Bovet, D., and F. Bovet-Nitti, New York, S. Karger, 1948Vol. -, Pg. 149, 1948.
mouse LD50 intraperitoneal 5500ug/kg (5.5mg/kg)   Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie. Vol. 161, Pg. 206, 1966.
mouse LD50 intravenous 15mg/kg (15mg/kg)   Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie. Vol. 146, Pg. 392, 1963.
mouse LD50 oral 21mg/kg (21mg/kg)   Arzneimittel-Forschung. Drug Research. Vol. 23, Pg. 810, 1973.
mouse LD50 subcutaneous 15mg/kg (15mg/kg)   Federation Proceedings, Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology. Vol. 4, Pg. 139, 1945.
mouse LD50 unreported 8800ug/kg (8.8mg/kg)   Acta Physiologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae. Vol. 32, Pg. 377, 1967.
rabbit LDLo intravenous 25mg/kg (25mg/kg)   "Structure et Activite Pharmacodyanmique des Medicaments du Systeme Nerveux Vegetatif," Bovet, D., and F. Bovet-Nitti, New York, S. Karger, 1948Vol. -, Pg. 149, 1948.
rabbit LDLo subcutaneous 20mg/kg (20mg/kg)   "Structure et Activite Pharmacodyanmique des Medicaments du Systeme Nerveux Vegetatif," Bovet, D., and F. Bovet-Nitti, New York, S. Karger, 1948Vol. -, Pg. 149, 1948.
rat LD50 oral 30mg/kg (30mg/kg)   Arzneimittel-Forschung. Drug Research. Vol. 23, Pg. 810, 1973.
rat LD50 subcutaneous 180mg/kg (180mg/kg) BEHAVIORAL: EXCITEMENT Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. Vol. 85, Pg. 119, 1945.
rat LDLo intraperitoneal 23mg/kg (23mg/kg)   Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archiv fuer Experimentelle Pathologie und Pharmakologie. Vol. 195, Pg. 647, 1940.
rat LDLo intravenous 20mg/kg (20mg/kg)   "Structure et Activite Pharmacodyanmique des Medicaments du Systeme Nerveux Vegetatif," Bovet, D., and F. Bovet-Nitti, New York, S. Karger, 1948Vol. -, Pg. 101, 1948.

Amphetamine Safety Profile

Poison by ingestion, subcutaneous, intravenous, and intraperitoneal routes. Human systemic effects by ingestion: excitement, changes in heart rate and sweating. When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of NOx. See other amphetamine entries.

Amphetamine Specification

Contraindications
1. If patients taking MAOI antidepressants amphetamine may cause a life-threatening complication
2Amphetamine elevates cardiac output and blood pressure making it dangerous for use by patients who has a history of heart disease or hypertension.
3. Amphetamine (CAS NO.300-62-9) should not be used by patients with a history of glaucoma.
4. As amphetamine has been shown to pass through into breast milk, mothers taking amphetamine are advised to avoid breastfeeding during their course of treatment.
5. Amphetamine can inhibit the effects of the contraceptive pill .