- Praseodymium hydroxide and oxide nanorods and Au/Pr6O 11 nanorod catalysts for CO oxidation
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Praseodymium hydroxide nanorods were synthesized by a two-step approach: First, metallic praseodymium was used to form praseodymium chloride, which reacted subsequently with KOH solution to produce praseodymium hydroxide. In the second step the hydroxide was treated with a concentrated alkaline solution at 180°C for 45 h, yielding nanorods as shown by the scanning and transmission electron microscopy images. The results of X-ray diffraction and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy experiments indicate that these nanorods are pure praseodymium hydroxide with a hexagonal structure, which can be converted into praseodymium oxide (Pr6O11) nanorods of a face-centered cubic structure after calcination at 600°C for 2 h in air. Gold was loaded on the praseodymium oxide nanorods using HAuCl4 as the gold source, and NaBH4 was used to reduce the gold species to metallic nanoparticles with sizes of 8-12 nm on the nanorod surface. These Au/Pr6O11 nanorods exhibit superior catalytic activity for CO oxidation.
- Huang,Wu,Zhu,Li,Wang,Gao,Zhu,Yan,Huang,Zhang,Song
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- Pr4N2S3 and Pr4N 2Se3: Two non-isostructural praseodymium(III) nitride chalcogenides
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The non-isostructural nitride chalcogenides of praseodymium, Pr 4N2S3 and Pr4N2Se 3, are formed by the reaction of the praseodymium metal with sodium azide (NaN3), praseodymium trihalide (PrX3; X = Cl, Br, I) and the respective chalcogen (sulfur or selenium) at 900°C in evacuated silica ampoules after seven days. Both crystallize monoclinically in space group C2/c (Pr4N2S3: a = 1788.57(9), b = 986.04(5), c = 1266.49(6) pm, β = 134.546(7)°, Z = 8; Pr4N 2Se3: a = 1311.76(7), b = 1017.03(5), c = 650.42(3) pm, β = 90.114(6)°, Z = 4). The crystal structures of both compounds show a layered construction, dominated by N3--centred (Pr 3+)4 tetrahedra which share a common edge first. Continuing linkage of the so resulting bitetrahedral [N2Pr 6]12+ units via the non-connected vertices to layers according to ∞2{[N(Pr)2/2 e(Pr')2/2v]3+} forms different kinds of tetrahedral nets which can be described as layers consisting of four- and eight-rings for Pr4N2S3 and as layers of six-rings for Pr4N2Se3. Whereas the crystal structure of Pr4N2S3 exhibits four different Pr3+ cations with coordination numbers of six (2x) and seven (2x) against N3- and S2-, the number of cations in the nitride selenide (Pr4N2Se3) is reduced to half (Pr1 and Pr2) also having six- and sevenfold anionic coordination spheres. Further motifs for the connection of [NM4]9+ tetrahedra in crystal structures of nitride chalcogenides and halides of the rare-earth elements with ratios of N:M = 1:2 are presented and discussed.
- Lissner, Falk,Schleid, Thomas
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- The dependence of persistent phosphorescence on annealing temperatures in CaTiO3:Pr3+ nanoparticles prepared by a coprecipitation technique
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Red emitting phosphors of CaTiO3:Pr3+ nanoparticles with size ranging from 6 to 95 nm have been prepared by a coprecipitation technique and structurally characterized by X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The fluorescence and phosphorescence of CaTiO3:Pr3+ nanoparticles as a function of annealing temperature are investigated. It is found that fluorescence intensities monotonously increase with increasing temperature. However, a maximum in phosphorescence with the increase of annealing temperature occurs for the sample prepared at 700 °C. Based on the measurement of fluorescence emission, fluorescence excitation and reflectance spectra as well as time decay patterns of fluorescence and phosphorescence, it is demonstrated that the dependence of fluorescence and phosphorescence on annealing temperature originates from the decrease of surface defects with the increase of temperature.
- Zhang, Xianmin,Zhang, Jiahua,Ren, Xinguang,Wang, Xiao-Jun
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- Praseodymium β-diketonates and luminescence properties of their solutions
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The luminescence intensity of Pr(III) in a series of complexes with alkyl and thienyl fluoroacetylacetone derivatives has been shown to increase not only with an increase in the length of the fluoroalkyl radical but also with the introduction of an oxygen heteroatom into this radical. The luminescence intensity of Pr(III) increases by about two orders of magnitude when a donor ligand (an organic solvent) is introduced into the complex. In some cases, the triplet level of β-diketone become higher due to interligand energy transfer and the Pr(III) luminescence occurs from two emitting levels 1 D 2 (the 1 D 2 → 3 H 4 transition, λlum = 605 nm) and 3 P 0 (the 3 P 0 → 3 H 6 transition, λ = 612 nm). Heteroleptic Pr(III) β-diketonates have short lifetimes (τ); for example, the lifetime of the Pr(III) complex with thenoyltrifluoroacetone and diantipyrylmethane is shorter than 1 μs. Nauka/Interperiodica 2007.
- Meshkova,Kiriak,Topilova,Andrianov
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- Pr6C2-bitetrahedra in Pr6C 2Cl10 and Pr6C2Cl5Br 5
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The compounds Pr6C2Cl10 and Pr 6C2Cl5Br5 are prepared by heating stoichiometric mixtures of Pr, PrCl3, PrBr3 and C in sealed Ta capsules at 810-820°C. They form bulky transparent yellow to green and moisture sensitive crystals which have different structures: space groups C2/c, (a = 13.687(3) A, b = 8.638(2) A, c = 15.690(3) A, β = 97.67(3)° for Pr6C2Cl10 and a = 13.689(1) A, b = 10.383(1) A, c = 14.089(1) A, β = 106.49(1)° for Pr6C2Cl5Br5). Both crystal structures contain C-centered Pr6C2 bitetrahedra, linked via halogen atoms above edges and corners in different ways. The site selective occupation of the halogen positions in Pr 6C2Cl5Br5 is refined in a split model and analysed with the bond length-bond strength formalism. The compound is further characterized via TEM investigations and magnetic measurements (μeff = 3.66 μB).
- Schaloske, Manuel C.,Mattausch, Hansjuergen,Kienle, Lorenz,Simon, Arndt
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- The enthalpy of formation of the praseodymium ion (3+) in an infinitely dilute aqueous solution
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The enthalpy of reaction between praseodymium metal and 1.07 n HCl and the enthalpy of solution of praseodymium trichloride in 1.07 n HCl and water were measured in a swinging isoperibol calorimeter at 298.15 K. The results were used to calculate the enthalpy of formation of the praseodymium ion in the state of an infinitely dilute aqueous solution, Δf H° 298.15 Pr3+(sln, ∞H2O) = -687.8 ± 1.7 kJ/mol. Pleiades Publishing, Inc., 2006.
- Goryushkina,Monaenkova,Popova,Tiflova
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- A novel 1D polyoxometallate-based coordination polymer [{Pr(DMSO) 6(H2O)}(PMo12O40)·CH 3CN]n: Properties, crystal structure and characterization
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A novel compound, [{Pr(DMSO)6(H2O)}(PMo 12O40)·CH3CN]n, has been synthesized and characterized by IR and single crystal X-ray structural analysis. It forms an one-dimensional zigzag chain built from alternating polyanions and cationic units through Mo-Ot-Pr-Ot-Mo links in the crystal. The results of the single crystal X-ray diffraction analyses and IR are agreement and both show the metal cation units are coordinately bonded to the Keggin cluster. The low temperature ESR spectrum indicates thermal electron delocalization occurs among the Mo atoms in the compound. The result of CV shows that the title compound undergoes five two-electron reversible reductions and that [PMo12O 40]3- anions are active centre for electrochemical redox in the solutions, while matched cations have small effect on electrochemical redox.
- Niu, Jing-Yang,Wei, Mei-Lin,Wang, Jing-Ping
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- Thermal and spectroscopic studies on solid Ketoprofen of lighter trivalent lanthanides
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Solid-state Ln(L)3 compounds, where Ln stands for trivalent La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, and L is ketoprofen have been synthesized. Thermogravimetry (TG), differential thermal analysis (DTA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) as well as X-ray diffraction powder (DRX) patterns, Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and other methods ofanalysis were used to study solid Ketoprofen of lighter trivalent lanth anides. The results provided information of the composition, dehydration, coordination mode, structure, thermal behavior, and thermal decomposition. The theoretical and experimental spectroscopic study suggests that the carboxylate group of ketoprofen is coordinate to metals as bidentatebond.
- Galico, D. A.,Holanda, B. B.,Perpetuo, G. L.,Schnitzler, E.,Treu-Filho, O.,Bannach, G.
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p. 371 - 380
(2012/04/23)
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- Synthesis, thermal properties and spectroscopic study of solid mandelate of light trivalent lanthanides
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Characterization, thermal stability and thermal decomposition of light trivalent lanthanide mandelates Ln(C6H5CH(OH)CO 2)3·nH2O (Ln = La to Gd, except Pm) were investigated employing simultaneous thermogravimetry and differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), experimental and theoretical infrared spectroscopy, elemental analysis, X-ray diffractometry, complexometry and TG-DSC coupled to FTIR. The dehydration of the lanthanum, samarium, europium and gadolinium compounds occurs in a single step while for praseodymium and neodymium ones it occurs in two consecutive steps. The thermal decomposition of the anhydrous compounds occurs in three, four or five consecutive steps, with formation of the respective oxides CeO2, Pr6O11 and Ln2O3 (Ln = La, Nd to Gd) as final residues. The results also provide information concerning the composition, thermal behavior and gaseous products evolved during the thermal decomposition of these compounds. The theoretical and experimental spectroscopic data suggest the possible modes of coordination of the ligand with the lanthanum.
- Gigante,Gomes,Lima,Caires,Treu-Filho,Ionashiro
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- Comparison of covalency in the lanthanide chloride and nitrate complexes based on the adsorption data on zeolite y
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The changes of the distribution constants Kd of lanthanide chlorides in the system: zeolite Y (solid phase)-sodium chloride (aqueous phase) were investigated. The evident tetrad effect in the change of log Kd values within the lantha
- G?adysz-P?aska, Agnieszka,Majdan, Marek,Ferenc, Wies?awa,Sarzyński, Jan
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p. 469 - 474
(2012/03/22)
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- Preparation and characterization of rare earth orthoborates, LnBO 3 (Ln = Tb, La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Dy, Y) and LaBO3:Gd, Tb, Eu by metathesis reaction: ESR of LaBO3:Gd and luminescence of LaBO3:Tb, Eu
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Lanthanide orthoborates of composition LnBO3 (Ln = Tb, La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Dy, Y) and LaBO3:Gd, Tb, Eu have been prepared by metathesis reaction. This method provides a convenient route for the synthesis of orthoborates and its solid solutions at low temperatures. Powder X-ray diffraction and FT-IR spectroscopy were used to characterize these borates. Rare earth borates, (LnBO3) are isomorphous with different forms of CaCO3 depending on the radius of rare earth ion. LaBO3, LaBO3:Gd, Tb, Eu, PrBO3, NdBO3 crystallized in aragonite structure, SmBO3 crystallized in H-form and TbBO 3, EuBO3, GdBO3, DyBO3, YBO 3 crystallized in vaterite structure. The structural analysis of TbBO3 was carried out. The morphology of these borates was obtained from Scanning electron microscopy. Spin-Hamiltonian parameters for Gd 3+ are deduced from room temperature electron spin resonance spectrum of LaBO3:Gd. The luminescence of LaBO3:Tb, Eu gave characteristics peaks corresponding to Tb3+, Eu3+ respectively.
- Velchuri, Radha,Kumar, B. Vijaya,Devi, V. Rama,Prasad,Prakash, D. Jaya,Vithal
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p. 1219 - 1226
(2011/07/09)
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- Lanthanide carbonates
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The crystal and molecular structures of the rare earth carbonates with the general formulae [C(NH2)]3 [Ln(CO3)4 (H2O)]·2H2O (where Ln = Pr3+,Nd 3+,Sm3+,Eu3+,Gd3+,Tb 3+)and [C(NH2)]3 [Ln(CO3) 4]·2H2O (where Ln = Y3+,Dy 3+,Ho3+,Er3+, Tm3+,Yb 3+,Lu3+) were determined. The crystals consist of monomeric [Ln(CO3)4 (H2O)] 5-or [Ln(CO3)4] 5-complex anions in which the carbonate ligands coordinate to the Ln3+ion in a bidentate manner. The spectroscopic (UV/Vis/NIR and IR) properties of the crystalline lanthanide carbonates, as well as their aqueous solutions, were determined. Correlation between the spectroscopic and the structural data enabled us to conclude that the [Ln(CO3)4 (OH)]6-and [Ln-(CO 3)4]5- species predominate in the light and heavy lanthanide solutions, respectively. The nature of the Ln-O interaction was also discussed. The experimental data, as well as the theoretical calculations, indicated that the Ln-O(CO3 2-) bond is more covalent than the Ln-O(OH2) bond. Moreover, the covalency degree is larger for the heavy lanthanide ions. Inspection of the NBO results revealed that the oxygen hybrids, with the approximate composition sp4, form strongly polarized bonds with the 6s6p5d4 hybrids of lutetium. 2011 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim
- Janicki, Rafal,Starynowicz, Przemyslaw,Mondry, Anna
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p. 3601 - 3616
(2011/10/11)
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- Synthesis, characterization and thermal behaviour of light trivalent lanthanides folates on solid state
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Solid state Ln2-L3 compounds, where Ln stands for light trivalent lanthanides (lanthanum to gadolinium), except promethium, and L is folate (C19H17N7O6), have been synthesized. Simultaneous thermogravimetry and differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray powder diffractometry, infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), TG coupled to FTIR, elemental analysis and complexometry were used to characterize and to study the thermal behaviour of these compounds. The results provided information concerning the stoichiometry, crystallinity, ligand's denticity, thermal stability, thermal behaviour and identification of the gaseous products evolved during the thermal decomposition of these compounds.
- Dametto, P. R.,Caires, F. J.,Ambrozini, B.,Ionashiro, M.
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p. 831 - 836
(2011/11/04)
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- Thermal studies on solid 1,4-bis(3-carboxy-3-oxo-prop-1-enyl) benzene oflighter trivalent lanthanides
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Solid-state compounds of general formula Ln2L 3·nH2O, where L represents 1,4-bis(3-carboxy-3- oxoprop-1-enyl)benzene and Ln = La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, were synthesized. Complexometric titrations with EDTA, thermogravimetry (TG), differential thermal analysis (DTA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray powder diffractometry, elemental analysis and infrared spectroscopy have been employed to characterize and to study the thermal behavior of these compounds in dynamic air atmosphere. The results led to information about the composition, dehydration, crystallinity, and thermal decomposition of the synthesized compounds.
- Nunes, Ronaldo S.,Bannach, Gilbert,Luiz, Jose M.,Caires, Flavio J.,Carvalho, Claudio T.,Ionashiro, Massao
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p. 525 - 530
(2012/01/31)
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- Structural characterization of methanol substituted lanthanum halides
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The first study into the alcohol solvation of lanthanum halide [LaX3] derivatives as a means to lower the processing temperature for the production of the LaBr3 scintillators was undertaken using methanol (MeOH). Initially the de-hydration of {[La(μ-Br)(H2O)7](Br)2}2 (1) was investigated through the simple room temperature dissolution of 1 in MeOH. The mixed solvate monomeric [La(H2O)7(MeOH)2](Br)3 (2) compound was isolated where the La metal center retains its original 9-coordination through the binding of two additional MeOH solvents but necessitates the transfer of the innersphere Br to the outersphere. In an attempt to in situ dry the reaction mixture of 1 in MeOH over CaH2, crystals of [Ca(MeOH)6](Br)2 (3) were isolated. Compound 1 dissolved in MeOH at reflux temperatures led to the isolation of an unusual arrangement identified as the salt derivative {[LaBr2.75·5.25(MeOH)]+0.25 [LaBr3.25·4.75(MeOH)]-0.25} (4). The fully substituted species was ultimately isolated through the dissolution of dried LaBr3 in MeOH forming the 8-coordinated [LaBr3(MeOH)5] (5) complex. It was determined that the concentration of the crystallization solution directed the structure isolated (4 concentrated; 5 dilute) The other LaX3 derivatives were isolated as [(MeOH)4(Cl)2La(μ-Cl)]2 (6) and [La(MeOH)9](I)3·MeOH (7). Beryllium Dome XRD analysis indicated that the bulk material for 5 appear to have multiple solvated species, 6 is consistent with the single crystal, and 7 was too broad to elucidate structural aspects. Multinuclear NMR (139La) indicated that these compounds do not retain their structure in MeOD. TGA/DTA data revealed that the de-solvation temperatures of the MeOH derivatives 4-6 were slightly higher in comparison to their hydrated counterparts.
- Boyle, Timothy J.,Ottley, Leigh Anna M.,Alam, Todd M.,Rodriguez, Mark A.,Yang, Pin,Mcintyre, Sarah K.
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p. 1784 - 1795
(2010/07/03)
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- Synthesis, characterization and thermal behaviour of solid-state compounds of light trivalent lanthanide succinates
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Characterization, thermal stability and thermal decomposition of light trivalent lanthanide succinates, Ln2(C4H4O4)3 ·nH2O (Ln = La to Gd, except Pm) were investigated employing simultaneous thermogravimetry and differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), infrared spectroscopy, TG-FTIR system, elemental analysis and complexometry. The dehydration of the lanthanum and cerium compounds occurs in a single step, while for the praseodymium to gadolinium compounds the dehydration occurs in two consecutive steps. The thermal decomposition of the anhydrous compounds occurs in consecutive and/or overlapping steps, except for the cerium compound, with formation of the respective oxides, CeO2, Pr6O11 and Ln2O3 (Ln = La, Nd to Gd), as final residue. The results also provided information concerning the denticity of the ligand and thermal behaviour of these compounds.
- Lima,Caires,Carvalho,Siqueira,Ionashiro
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- Synthesis, characterization and thermal behavior on solid tartrates of light trivalent lanthanides
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Solid state Ln-L compounds, where Ln stands for light trivalent lanthanides (L-Gd) and L is tartrate, have been synthesized. Thermogravimetry and differential thermal analysis (TG/DTA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray powder diffractometry,
- Ambrozini,Dametto,Siqueira,Carvalho,Ionashiro
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p. 761 - 764
(2010/01/05)
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- Synthesis, Characterization and thermal behaviour of hemimellitic acid complexes with lanthanides(III)
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The complexes of lanthanides(III) with hemimellitic acid (1,2,3-benzenetricarboxylic acid, H3btc) of the formula Ln(btc)?nH2O, where Ln=lanthanide(III) ion and n=2-6 were prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, infrared spe
- Lyszczek
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p. 595 - 599
(2008/10/09)
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- Comparison of thermal properties of lanthanide trimellitates prepared by different methods
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By diffusion in gel medium new complexes of formulae: Nd(btc) ·6H2O, Gd(btc)·4.5H2O and Er(btc)?5H2O (where btc=(C6H3(COO)33-) were obtained. Isomorphous compounds were crystallized in the
- Lyszczek, Renata
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p. 833 - 838
(2009/02/07)
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- Solubility behavior of rare earths with ammonium carbonate and ammonium carbonate plus ammonium hydroxide: Precipitation of their peroxicarbonates
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The purpose of this work is to report the significant behavior of the rare earths when treated with ammonium carbonate and with a binary mixture of ammonium carbonate plus ammonium hydroxide. The carbonates of some rare earths are completely soluble in ammonium carbonate or in ammonium carbonate plus ammonium hydroxide, while others are only partially soluble and finally some are completely insoluble. Addition of hydrogen peroxide to the soluble complexed rare earth carbonates results in the precipitation of a series of a new compounds described as rare earth peroxicarbonates. The rare earths have some different precipitation behavior in the carbonate-peroxide system. Some are completely and immediately precipitated, others are completely precipitated after an aging period, and finally other are not precipitated at all. These different behaviors open a new possibility for the separation chemistry of the rare earths. Sm, Gd, Dy, Y, Yb and Tm are fast and completely soluble in ammonium carbonate. Ho, Eu and Tb are completely soluble in ammonium carbonate but slowly dissolved. La, Ce, Pr and Nd are only partially soluble in ammonium carbonate. While Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu and Dy are completely and easily soluble in the ammonium carbonate plus ammonium hydroxide mixture, La is only partially soluble and Tb is completely insoluble in the same mixture. Concerning the peroxicarbonates, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Dy and Ho are quantitatively precipitated. The precipitation of the Er peroxicarbonate is quantitative, but after an aging period of 24 h. Y is not precipitated at all. The process is very easy, simple and economically attractive. Although proved in bench scale, its scale-up is easily feasible.
- de Vasconcellos, Mari E.,da Rocha,Pedreira,Queiroz, Carlos A. da S.,Abr?o, Alcídio
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p. 426 - 428
(2008/10/09)
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- Solid-state 2-methoxybenzoates of light trivalent lanthanides : SSSynthesis, characterization and thermal behaviour
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Solid-state LnL3 compounds, where L is 2-methoxybenzoate and Ln is light trivalent lanthanides, have been synthesized. Thermogravimetry (TG), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray powder diffractometry, infrared spectroscopy and elemen
- Siqueira,Bannach,Rodrigues,Carvalho,Ionashiro
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p. 897 - 902
(2009/01/31)
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- The oxide nitride selenides M3ONSe2 of trivalent lanthanoids (M = Ce - Nd)
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Oxide nitride selenides of the trivalent lanthanoids (M = Ce - Nd) with the composition M3ONSe2 can be prepared by the oxidation of the respective lanthanoid metal with selenium and sodium azide (NaN3) in presence of impurities containing oxygen when the corresponding lanthanoid trichloride (MCl3) is used as sodium trap for the coformation of NaCl. The thermal treatment of these mixtures along with additional NaCl as flux at 900°C in evacuated silica tubes secures the formation of fawn, transparent, lath-shaped crystals. The monoclinic structure (C2/m, Z = 6) was determined from X-ray single-crystal diffraction data (Ce3ONSe 2: a = 2480.51(14), b = 406.85(3), c = 952.83(6) pm, β = 95.506(4)°; Pr3ONSe2: a = 2462.72(14), b = 403.74(3), c = 947.26(6) pm, β = 95.731(4)°; Nd3ONSe2: a = 2440.35(14), b = 401.48(3), c = 944.02(6) pm, β = 95.763(4)°). Five crystallographically different M3+ cations reside in six- to eightfold coordination of the respective anions (three independent O 2-/N3- and Se2- each), for which a statistic distribution of the light elements (O2- : N3- = 1 : 1) has to be assumed. However, the main features of the crystal structure are (O 2-/N3-)-centred (M3+)4 tetrahedra. For the first time ever within the same structure of this kind, condensation of these anion-centred cation polyhedra forming strands and layers simultaneously could be detected. Cis-edge connected [(O/N)M4]9.5+ tetrahedra build up the chain components ∞1{[(O/N) (M4)3/3(M5)1/1]3,5+} running along [010], which are already known as dominating core in some crystal structures of pure nitride chalcogenides (e.g. Sm4N2S3 and Tb 4N2Se3). A new motif of condensed tetrahedral units comprises the second feature. By fusing [(O/N)M4] 9.5+ tetrahedra via vertices and edges, one-dimensional strand sections from the cationic sheets ∞2{([OCe 4/4]+)2} of the Ce2O 2S-type structure, which are further connected only via common vertices to form a lower-condensed steplike two-dimensional layer ∞2{[(O/N)4M5]5+}, spreading parallel to the (100) plane, emerge for the very first time.
- Lissner, Falk,Schleid, Thomas
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p. 2799 - 2804
(2009/05/30)
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- Thermal and spectroscopic investigations of new lanthanide complexes with 1,2,4-benzenetricarboxylic acid
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The new 1,2,4-benzenetricarboxylates of lanthanide(III) of the formula Ln(btc)?nH2O, where btc is 1,2,4-benzenetricarboxylate; Ln is La-Lu, and n=2 for Ce; n=3 for La, Yb, Lu; and n=4 for Pr-Tm were prepared and characterized by elemental analy
- Lyszczek
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p. 533 - 539
(2008/10/09)
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- A systemic study of stepwise chlorination-chemical vapor transport characteristics of pure rare earth oxides from Sc2O3 to Lu2O3 mediated by alkaline chlorides as complex former
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A systematic study has been carried out for the stepwise chlorination-chemical vapor transport (SC-CVT) characteristics of pure rare earth oxides from Sc2O3 to Lu2O3 mediated by the vapor complexes KLnCl4 and NaLnCl4 (Ln = Sc, Y and La-Lu) used NaCl and KCl as complex former, respectively. The results showed that the SC-CVT characteristics are similarly for NaCl and KCl as complex former, the main deposition temperature of the rare earth chlorides LnCl3 is in the increasing order ScCl3 3 3, and then with a systematically decreasing trend from the early lanthanide chlorides to the end one. The results also showed that the total transported amount of the produced chlorides is YCl3 > ScCl3, and they are much higher than that of most lanthanoid chlorides. For lanthanoids, the total transported amount of chloride increases systematically from the early lanthanoid chlorides to the end one except for EuCl3 and GdCl3 mediated by KCl and NaCl as complex former, respectively, which showed the divergence effect of Gd in the total transport efficiency. But there are some differences in SC-CVT characteristics of pure rare earth oxide mediated by KCl and NaCl as complex former, that is the main deposition temperature region for the same rare earth element was lower for KCl than that for NaCl as complex former except for LaCl3, CeCl3, YbCl3 and LuCl3, while the total transport amount of rare earth chloride for KCl as complex former is higher than that for NaCl except for LaCl3 and EuCl3. More over, the discussion was carried out for Sc and Y on the one hand and the lanthanides contain 4f electron as another hand based on the 4f electron hybridization assumption. Further more, the transport characteristics of rare earth oxides with alkaline chlorides as complex former in this study were compared to that with AlCl3 as complex former.
- Sun, Yan-Hui,He, Peng,Chen, Hua-Ni
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p. 352 - 358
(2008/10/09)
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- Microcalorimetric studies on the interactions of lanthanide ions with bovine serum albumin
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The interactions of lanthanide ions (Ln3+) with bovine serum albumin (BSA) under mimetic physiological conditions (310.15 K, pH 6.7, 0.1MNaCl) were studied by microcalorimetry. For the first time, based on Two Sets of Independent Sites Model, m
- Li,Wang,Li,Wang
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p. 899 - 905
(2008/10/09)
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- Synthesis, characterization and thermal behaviour of solid-state compounds of yttrium and lanthanide benzoates
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Solid-state Ln(Bz)3?H2O compounds where Ln stands for trivalent yttrium or lanthanides and Bz is benzoate have been synthesized. Simultaneous thermogravimetry-differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA), X-ray powder diffractometry, infra
- Locatelli,Rodrigues,Siqueira,Ionashiro,Bannach,Ionashiro
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p. 737 - 746
(2008/10/09)
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- Equilibria and structure of the lanthanide(III)-2-hydroxy-1,3- diaminopropane-N,N,N′,N′-tetraacetate complexes: Formation of alkoxo-bridged dimers in solid state and solution
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The complex formed between 1,3-diamino-2-hydroxypropane-N,N,N′, N′-tetraacetic acid (H4L-OH) and Nd3+ at pH 7.5 was found to be a dinuclear dimer in the solid state by X-ray crystallography. In the complex K4[Nd2(L-O)2-(H2O) 2]-14H2O each ligand is coordinated to both Nd 3+ atoms with an iminodiacetate group (the Nd3+-Nd 3+ distance is 3.9283(8) A). The alcoholic OH groups are deprotonated, and the alkoxo oxygens are coordinated to both Nd3+ in a bridging position. The Nd3+ ions are nine-coordinated with one water molecule per Nd(III) ion in the inner sphere. The complex K 4[Nd2(L-O)2(H2O)2] ·14H2O has an inversion center, and the space group is P1. Two of the K+ counterions are six-coordinated, while the other two K+ ions are eight-coordinated; polar polymeric water-K+ layers are formed between the apolar ligand layers via the bridging water molecules. The dinuclear dimer complexes are also present in aqueous solution. The proton relaxivities of the Gd3+ complex decrease with the increase of pH, and at pH > 6, the low relaxivity values indicate the probable absence of H2O in the inner sphere and the predominance of the eight-coordinated dimer species [Gd2(L-O)2]. 4- The results of ESI-TOF MS studies of the complexes of La 3+, Nd3+, and Lu3+ proved the formation of dinuclear dimers in dilute (0.25 mM) solutions. pH-potentiometric titrations indicate the formation of complexes with 1:1 (Ln(L-OH)-, Ln(HL-OH), and Ln2(L-O)24-) and 2:1 (Ln 2(L-O)+) metal-to-ligand ratios. The stability constants of the Ln(L-OH)- species increase from La3+ (log K = 10.19) to Lu3+ (log K = 14.08). The alcoholic OH group of the Ln(L-OH)- species dissociates at unusually low pH values. The pH range of dissociation shifts to lower and lower pH's with the increasing atomic number of the lanthanides. This pH range is about 4-7 for the La3+ complex and 1-4 for the Lu3+ complex. The results of 1D and 2D 1H and 13C NMR studies of the La3+ complex, the number and multiplicity of signals, and the values of coupling constants are in agreement with the dinuclear dimer structure of the complex in solution.
- Tircso, Gyula,Benyei, Attila,Bruecher, Erno,Kis, Anita,Kiraly, Robert
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p. 4951 - 4962
(2008/10/09)
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- Synthesis, structure, and 15N NMR studies of paramagnetic lanthanide complexes obtained by reduction of dinitrogen
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The recently discovered LnZ3/M and LnZ2Z′/M methods of reduction (Ln = lanthanide; M = alkali metal; Z, Z′ = monoanionic ligands that allow these combinantions to generate "LnZ 2" reactivity) have been applied to provide t
- Evans, William J.,Rego, Daniel B.,Ziller, Joseph W.
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p. 10790 - 10798
(2008/10/09)
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- A series of new polyoxoanion-based inorganic-organic hybrids: (C 6NO2H5)[(H2O)4(C 6NO2H5)Ln(CrMo6H6O 24)] · 4H2O (Ln = Ce, Pr, La and Nd) with a chiral layer structure
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Four new polyoxoanion-based hybrids with a chiral layer structure, (C 6NO2H5)[(H2O)4(C 6NO2H5)Ln(CrMo6H6O 24)] · 4H2O (Ln = Ce, 1; Pr, 2; La, 3 and Nd, 4), have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, TG analysis and single crystal X-ray diffraction. All the compounds are isostructural and crystallize in the monoclinic space group C2/c. Their crystal structures consist of two kinds of chiral layers, one left-handed and the other right-handed, each built up from the same-handed rare earth polyoxometalate helical chains, which leads to mesomeric solid state compounds. To our knowledge, this represents the first example of a 2D chiral layer framework consisting of rare earth polyoxometalate helical chains and organic bridging ligands. The magnetic properties of compounds 1, 2 and 4 have been studied by measuring their magnetic susceptibility over the temperature range of 2-300 K. The Royal Society of Chemistry and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique 2005.
- An, Haiyan,Xiao, Dongrong,Wang, Enbo,Li, Yangguang,Xu, Lin
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p. 667 - 672
(2007/10/03)
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- 1D-Polyoxometalate-Based Composite Compounds - Design, Synthesis, Crystal Structures, and Properties of [{Ln(NMP)6}(PMo12O 40)]n (Ln = La, Ce, Pr; NMP = N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone)
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The structures of three 1:1 composite compounds prepared with the polyoxometalate (POM) [PMo12O40]3- and the cations [Ln(NMP)6]3+ [Ln = La (1), Ce (3), Pr (2); NMP = N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone] exhibit two types of zig-zag chains with alternating cations and anions through Mo-Ot-Ln-Ot-Mo links in the crystal. The compounds were characterized by IR, UV, and ESR spectroscopy, single-crystal X-ray structural analysis, and by a study of their thermal properties. In all the compounds, the La3+, Pr3+, and Ce3+ centers are eight-coordinate with the oxygen atoms in bicapped trigonal-prismatic geometries. The variation of the average Ln-O separations along the La, Ce, and Pr series is consistent with the effects of the lanthanide contraction. The results of the single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses and the IR spectroscopic studies are in agreement and both show the metal cation units are coordinatively bonded to the Keggin clusters. The UV spectra of the title compounds suggest that their structures are entirely disrupted in dilute solution. Low-temperature ESR spectra indicate that thermal electron delocalization occurs among the Mo atoms in the three compounds. The results of cyclic voltammetry (CV) show that compounds 1, 2, and 3 all undergo five two-electron reversible reductions and that the [PMo12O 40]3- anions are the active centers for electrochemical redox reactions in solution, while the corresponding cations have only a small effect on the electrochemical properties. Studies of magnetic properties show that 1 is diamagnetic, while 2 and 3 exhibit antiferromagnetic Pr-Pr or Ce-Ce exchange interactions. In addition to the results of CV, the average bond lengths and the magnetic properties of compound 3 indicate that the oxidation state of cerium is iii in the compound of formula [{Ce(NMP) 6}(PMo12O40)]n. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2004.
- Niu, Jing-Yang,Wei, Mei-Lin,Wang, Jing-Ping,Dang, Dong-Bin
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p. 160 - 170
(2007/10/03)
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- Lanthanide contraction and pH value controlled structural change in a series of rare earth complexes with p-aminobenzoic acid
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A series of rare earth complexes with p-aminobenzoic acid (HL) have been synthesized: [RE2L6(H2O)2] n [RE=La (1), Ce(2), Pr(3), Sm(4), Eu(5), Tb(6), Dy(7), Er(9)] and [RE2L6(H2O)4]·2H 2O [RE=Tb(6′), Ho(8), Yb(10), Lu(11), Y(12)]. The crystal structures of 1, 2, 6, 6′, 7, 9 and 12 have been determined and the isomorphous relationships of the others have been identified. Their structures change from two-dimensional (2D) array (the coordination number of the metal ions is nine for 1 and eight for 2-7 and 9) to double-nuclear structure (the metal ions are eight-coordinated) for 6′, 8 and 10-12, as controlled by lanthanide contraction. The structural type has been found influenced by the pH value of the reaction mixtures.
- Sun, Hao-Ling,Ye, Chao-Hong,Wang, Xin-Yi,Li, Jun-Ran,Gao, Song,Yu, Kai-Bei
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- Fullerides: Heterometallic superconductors with composition M2M′C60 (M = K, Rb; M′ = Yb, Lu, Sc)
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One- or two-step reactions of potassium and rubidium fullerides with composition Mk C60 (M = K, Rb; k = 3-6) and K 6C60 + m K mixtures (m = 1, 3) with anhydrous salts M′Cl3 (M′ = La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, Yb, Lu, Y, Sc) and YbI2 in a toluene-THF medium afforded heterometallic fullerides M3- n M′n C60 (n = 1-3). Among these compounds, substituted fullerides with composition M2M′C60 (M′ = Yb, Lu, Sc) display superconducting properties with critical temperatures of 14-20 K.
- Bulychev,Lunin,Kul'bachinskii,Shpanchenko,Privalov
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p. 1686 - 1692
(2007/10/03)
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- Low-temperature heat capacity and thermodynamic properties of crystalline [RE (Gly)3(H2O)2]Cl3 ·2H2O (RE = Pr, Nd, Gly = Glycine)
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Heat capacities of two solid complexes of rare-earth elements with glycine [RE(Gly)3(H2O)2]Cl3 ·2H2O (RE = Pr, Nd, Gly = Glycine) have been measured with a high-precision automatic adiabatic calorimeter over the temperature range from 78 to 380 K. The melting point, molar enthalpy and entropy of fusion for the two complexes were determined on the basis of the heat capacity measurements. Thermal decompositions of the two complexes were studied by thermogravimetric (TG) techniques and a possible mechanism for the decompositions is suggested.
- Liu, Beiping,Tan, Zhi-Cheng,Lu, Jilin,Lan, Xiao-Zheng,Sun, Lixian,Xu, Fen,Yu, Ping,Xing, Jun
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- Organometallic compounds of the lanthanides. 168 [1]: Lanthanidocene complexes containing sulfur-functionalized cyclopentadienyl ligands
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YCl3, SmCl3, and LuCl3 react with 2 equivalents of Na[C5H4CH2CH2SR] (R = Ph (2); Et (3)) yielding (PhSCH2CH2C5H 4)2LnCl (Ln = Y (4a), Sm (4b), Lu (4c)), and (EtSCH 2CH2C5H4)2LuCl (5), respectively. Methylation of 4a, 4c, and 5 with LiMe produces (PhSCH 2CH2C5H4)2LnMe (Ln = Y (6a); Lu (6c)) and (EtSCH2CH2C5H 4)2LuMe (7). YCl3 and LuCl3 react with 1 equivalent of 2 or 3 followed by 1 equivalent Na[C5Me 5] to give (PhSCH2CH2C5H 4)(C5Me5)LnCl (Ln = Y (8a); Lu (8c)) and (EtSCH2CH2C5H4)(C5Me 5)YCl (9). [(EtSCH2CH2C5H 4)(C5Me5)LuCl (10) and 1,10-bipyridine form [(EtSCH2CH2C5H4)-(C 5Me5)Lu(bipy)]+ [(EtSCH2CH 2C5H4)(C5Me5)LuCl 2]- (11). Methylation of 8a, 8c, and 9 with LiMe results in the formation of (PhSCH2CH2C5H 4)(C5Me5)LnMe (Ln = Y (12a); Lu (12c)) and (EtSCH2CH2C5H4)(C5Me 5)YMe (13). LaCl3 and PrCl3 react with 3 equivalents of 3 affording (EtSCH2CH2C5H 4)3Ln (Ln = La (14d) and Pr (14e)), while the reaction of YbI2 with 2 equivalents of 3 gives [(EtSCH2CH 2C5H4)Yb(SCH2CH2C 5H4)]2 (15) along with ethane. The structures of 8c, 11, 14d, and 15 were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction.
- Schumann, Herbert,Herrmann, Katja,Muehle, Stefan H.,Dechert, Sebastian
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p. 1184 - 1194
(2008/10/08)
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- Synthesis and characterization of lanthanide(III) Schiff base complexes derived from cysteine and benzoin
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Six new complexes of the Schiff base ligand (HL) derived from benzoin and cysteine with Ln=La(III), Pr(III), Nd(III), Sm(III), Eu(III) and Gd(III) of the type LnLCl2(H2O)2 have been synthesized and characterized by element
- Ma,Wang,Shi
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p. 617 - 627
(2008/10/08)
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- Synthesis, characterization and thermal behaviour of solid state compounds of 4-methylbenzylidenepyruvate with lighter trivalent lanthanides
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Solid state Ln-4-Me-BP compounds, where Ln stands for lighter trivalent lanthanides (lanthanum to europium) and 4-Me-BP is 4-methylbenzylidenepyruvate, have been synthesized. Elemental analysis, complexometry, X-ray powder diffractometry, infrared spectro
- Marques,Melios,Ionashiro
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- Hydrothermal syntheses, structures, and properties of first examples of lanthanide(III) 2,3-pyrazinedicarboxylates with three-dimensional framework
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Lanthanide 2,3-pyrazinedicarboxylate complexes with threedimensional frameworks, [Ln2(pzdc)3(H2O)]x· 2xH2O [Ln = Pr (2), Nd (3), and Eu (4)], were obtained by hydrothermal reactions of 2,3-pyrazinedicarboxylic acid (H2pzdc) and the lanthanide(III) chlorides, while [La2(pzdc)3(H2O)]x· 2xH2O (1) was obtained by hydro (solvo) thermal reaction of LaCl3·7H2O and 2,3-pyrazinedicarboxylic acid. They are isomorphous and exhibit complicated 3-D structures based on [Ln2(pzdc)3(H2O)] building blocks. In the asymmetric unit, the two Ln3+ ions are both nine-coordinate, but with different coordination environments. The ligand pzdc coordinates to the central Ln3+ ions in a tetradentate, hexadentate, or heptadentate manner. Utilizing the characteristic of Eu3+ ion to act as a conformational probe, we determined the highresolution spectra of 4, which show that there are two Eu3+ ion sites in the coordination polymer. This is also in agreement with the results of the X-ray single-crystal diffraction study. It was concluded that there are two La3+, two Pr3+ and two Nd3+ ion sites in polymers 1, 2, and 3, respectively. The thermogravimetric analyses of these complexes show that all coordinated and uncoordinated water molecules were lost at the first weight loss above 240 °C. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2002.
- Zheng, Xiang-Jun,Jin, Lin-Pei,Lu, Shao-Zhe
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p. 3356 - 3363
(2007/10/03)
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- Comparative study for stepwise chlorination-chemical vapor transport characteristics of pure rare earth oxides from Sc2O3 to Lu2O3 mediated by the vapor complexes LnAlnCl3n+3
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A systematic study has been carried out for the stepwise chlorination-chemical vapor transport (SC-CVT) characteristics of pure rare earth oxides from Sc2O3 to Lu2O3 mediated by the vapor complexes LnAlnCl3n+3 (where Ln = rare earth elements) under identical conditions. The results show that the total transported amount of the produced chlorides is the highest for YCl3; it is also high for ScCl3, but low for LaCl3, and then increases systematically from the early lanthanide chlorides to the end lanthanide chlorides except CeCl3, EuCl3 and GdCl3. The results also show that the main deposition temperature of the chlorides is in the increasing order ScCl3 3 3 and then with a systematically decreasing trend from the early lanthanide chlorides to the end lanthanide chlorides. Based on the literature data for the solid complexes LnAl3Cl12 and LnAl3Br12, a similar coordination structure assumption is introduced for the vapor complexes LnAl3Cl3n+3 from Ln = Sc to Ln = Lu with the same stoichiometry to explain the SC-CVT characteristics of the pure rare earth oxides from Sc2O3 to Lu2O3 using a 4f electron hybridization assumption.
- Wang, Zhi-Chang,Sun, Yan-Hui,Guo, Lei
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p. 109 - 113
(2008/10/08)
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- Synthesis, characterization and anticoagulant action of lanthanide complexes of warfarin
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Thirteen lanthanide complexes of warfarin, LnL3·nH2O [n = 6 (Ln = La-Yb) or n = 4 (Ln = Y); L = (C19H15O4)-] have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses, IR, 1H
- Jiao, Tian Quan,Wu, Ji Gui,Zeng, Fu Li,Fu, Yun Long,Deng, Ru Wen
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p. 725 - 735
(2008/10/09)
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- Solution enthalpies of hydrates LnCl3·xH2O (Ln=Ce-Lu)
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Trichlorides of the lanthanide elements Ln=Ce-Lu form: (a) isotypic hexahydrates LnCl3·6H2O with a coordination number (CN) 8 for the Ln3+ ions. (b) Two isotypic groups of trihydrates LnCl3·3H2O, in the first group Ln=Ce-Dy the CN is 8; the structure of the second group Ln=Er-Lu is unknown. With Ho no trihydrate exists; a dihydrate is formed. (c) Two isotypic groups of monohydrates LnCl3·H2O with unknown structure - Ln=Ce-Dy and Ln=Ho-Lu. For all compounds and for anhydrous chlorides LnCl3 solution enthalpies were measured with an isoperibolic calorimeter. The ΔsolH0 values do not depend only on the difference (lattice enthalpies/hydration enthalpies), but also on the state in solution. According to Spedding the CN of the Ln3+ ions against water changes from 9 to 8 between Nd and Sm, causing minima in the series of solution enthalpies. Dihydrates LnCl3·2H2O are found for Ln=Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm and presumably for Eu and Gd. They are not yet well characterised.
- Seifert,Funke
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- Thermodynamic Properties of the Rare Earth Element Vapor Complexes LnAl3Cl12 from Ln = La to Ln = Lu
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Systematic analysis of rare earth element complexes has been carefully carried out in the liquid and solid states but not in the gaseous state because of the lack of a complete set of experimental data for any kind of vapor complexes of all rare earth elements. Here we present experimental quenching results which suggest that the LnAl3Cl12 complexes are the predominant vapor complexes roughly in the temperature range 588-851 K and pressure range 0.01-0.22 MPa for all of the 14 rare earth elements Ln = La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, and Lu. For these elements, thermodynamic functions of the reactions LnCl3(s) + 3/2Al2Cl6(g) = LnAl3Cl12(g) were calculated from the measurements. Those for the radioelement Pm were smoothly interpolated. The results show Gd divergences from the standard enthalpies and standard entropies from LaAl3Cl12 to LuAl3Cl12.
- Wang, Zhi-Chang,Wang, Lin-Shan
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p. 1536 - 1540
(2008/10/09)
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- Thermal decomposition kinetics and mechanism of lanthanide perchlorate complexes of 4-N-(4′-antipyrylmethylidene)aminoantipyrine
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The thermal decomposition behaviour of lanthanide perchlorate complexes of the Schiff base, 4-N-(4′-antipyrylmethylidene)aminoantipyrine (AA), have been studied using TG and DTG analyses. The phenomenological and kinetic aspects of the TG curves are inves
- Nair, M.K. Muraleedharan,Radhakrishnan
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p. 115 - 122
(2008/10/09)
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- Thermal decomposition of rare earth complexes with 2-amino-3,5-dichlorobenzoic acid
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The conditions of the thermal decomposition of the 2-amino-3,5-dichloro-benzoates of Y and lanthanides have been studied. During heating in air, the dihydrated complexes Ln(C6H2Cl2NH2COO) 3·2H2/
- Mrozek,Sikorska,Rzaczynska
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p. 707 - 720
(2008/10/09)
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- Lanthanide Ion Chelates of Dibenzyl 1,1'-Diacetylferrocenebis(hydrazonatocarbodithioate)
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A new ligand, dibenzyl 1,1'-diacetylferrocenebis(hydrazonatocarbodithioate), Fe[C5H4C(CH3)=NNHCSSCH2C6H5)2] (H2Dafhb) and its chelates with lanthanide ions, Ln(Dafhb)Cl (Ln = lanthanide) have been prepared by the reaction of the H2Dafhb with LnCl3. All compounds were characterized by elemental analyses, IR, (1H) NMR, UV, electrolytic conductivity and TGA measurements. It is shown that the ligand coordinates to the metal in the thiol form and that one chloride ion participates in coordination. The chelates are non-electrolytes in DMF and are more thermostable than the ligand due to formation of chelate rings.
- Gang, Zhao,Yuan, Cao
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p. 1207 - 1217
(2008/10/09)
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- LANTHANIDE COMPLEXES OF DI(4-HYDROXYCOUMARINYL-3)-ACETIC ACID AND THEIR ANTICOAGULANT ACTION
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The lanthanide complexes of di(4-hydroxycoumarinyl-3)-acetic acid (M2L3*10H2O) have been synthesized and characterized by IR, HNMR, electronic spectra, thermoanalysis and molar conductance.The metallic ions substituted two hydrogen atoms of carboxyl and hydroxy groups and are also bonded to the oxygen atom of the carbonyl group of the benzopyranyl ring.Electronic spectra showed that the lanthanide-ligand bond had some covalent character and the involvement of 4f orbital was very small.The light lanthanide complexes revealed the nice anticoagulant action especially the lanthanum coordination compound.
- Deng, Ru Wen,Wu, Ji Gui,Long, La Sheng
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p. 439 - 444
(2007/10/02)
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- Mutual Separation Characteristics for Lanthanoid Elements via Gas Phase Complexes with Alkaline Chlorides
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Mutual separation characteristics of lanthanoid chlorides LnCl3 (Ln = Pr, Nd) using a chemical vapor transporting method via gaseous complexes were investigated.Compared with AlCl3 as the transporting agent, alkaline chlorides can transport more amounts of LnCl3, and enhance the separation efficiency between PrCl3 and NdCl3.
- Adachi, Gin-ya,Murase, Kuniaki,Shinozaki, Kiyoshi,Machida, Ken-ichi
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p. 511 - 514
(2007/10/02)
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- Extraction of Chlorides of Some Lanthanoides by Tricaprylylmethylammonium Pelargonate
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The extraction of some lanthanoides by tricaprylylmethylammonium pelargonate has been investigated in the system of LnCl3 - Na(H)Cl-R4NB-CCl4 at constant ionic strength μ = 0.1.A mechanism of the extraction process is suggested, which explains the simultaneous extraction of HCl and LnCl3. - Keywords.Binary extraction; Tricaprylylmethylammonium pelargonate; Distribution coefficient; Lanthanoides.
- Georgiev, Georgi,Zakharieva, Maria
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p. 1085 - 1090
(2007/10/02)
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- BIMETALLIC ORGANOMETALLIC COMPOUNDS WITH TIN-LANTHANIDE BONDS
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New bimetallic organometallic compounds of lanthanides 3Ln x DME have been prepared by interaction of tris(trimethylsilylmethyl)tin hydride with 3Ln (Ln = Pr, Nd) in 1,2-dimethoxyethane (DME).Reactions of triphenylgermane and tri
- Razuvaev, G. A.,Kalinina, G. S.,Fedorova, E. A.
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p. 157 - 166
(2007/10/02)
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