7647-14-5Relevant articles and documents
Sodium atom Reactions with the Bromochloromethanes: Branching Ratios and Relative Reaction Rates
Jayne, J. T.,Davidovits, P.
, p. 3574 - 3579 (1989)
Branching ratios into bromide and chloride products have been measured for the reaction of atomic sodium with BrCCl3, BrCHCl2 and BrCH2Cl.The bromide to chloride product ratios are 0.55, 1.83, and 4.00, respectively.The experiments were performed in a lin
Facile reactions for the preparation of [(Me3CCH2)2GaNH2]2 and of GaN
Beachley Jr.,Pazik, John C.,Noble, Matthew J.
, p. 2121 - 2123 (1998)
Four reactions of neopentylgallium compounds with ammonia have been investigated. The dihydronaphthalene derivative C10H8[Ga(CH2CMe3)2] 2· 2NaCl has been observed to react with anhydrous ammonia at low temperature (-78 °C) to form (Me3-CCH2)2GaNH2, dihydronaphthalene (C10H10), and NaCl, whereas the related elimination reaction between Ga(CH2-CMe3)3 and NH3 occurred at 140-150 °C. The new compound (Me3CCH2)2GaNH2 was also prepared by reacting Ga(CH2CMe3)2Cl with sodium in liquid ammonia at -70 °C. Bis(neopentyl)gallium amide was fully characterized and exists as a dimer at room temperature in benzene solution. Neopentylgallium(I) [Ga(CH2CMe3)]n has been observed also to react with NH3 at 460-480 °C to form GaN(s), CMe4, and H2.
Feld, W.
, p. 708 - 711 (1903)
Study on the non-isothermal kinetics of decomposition of 4Na 2SO4?2H2O2?NaCl
Hong-Kun,Cao,Dao-Sen,Wen-Lin,Ya-Qong,Qi-Shu
, p. 531 - 536 (2007)
The non-isothermal decomposition kinetics of 4Na2SO 4?2H2O2?NaCl have been investigated by simultaneous TG-DSC in nitrogen atmosphere and in air. The decomposition processes undergo a single step reaction. The multivariate nonlinear regression technique is used to distinguish kinetic model of 4Na2SO 4?2H2O2?NaCl. Results indicate that the reaction type Cn can well describe the decomposition process, the decomposition mechanism is n-dimensional autocatalysis. The kinetic parameters, n, A and E are obtained via multivariate nonlinear regression. The n th-order with autocatalysis model is used to simulate the thermal decomposition of 4Na2SO4?2H2O 2?NaCl under isothermal conditions at various temperatures. The flow rate of gas has little effect on the decomposition of 4Na 2SO4?2H2O2?NaCl.
Flame synthesis of calcium-, strontium-, barium fluoride nanoparticles and sodium chloride
Grass, Robert N.,Stark, Wendelin J.
, p. 1767 - 1769 (2005)
Non-oxidic salts such as NaCl, CaF2, SrF2 and BaF2 were synthesised using a flame spray method; optional doping of such fluorides with rare earth elements suggests possible applications in optics. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2005.
Crystal chemistry of the Na/FeCl2 battery
Adendorff,Thackeray
, p. 2121 - 2123 (1988)
Five stoichiometric phases of the NaCl-FeCl2 system that can be represented by the general formula Na8-2xFexCl8 (x=0,1,2,3,4,) have been identified in high temperature Na/ FeCl2 cells. Their formation
Functionalization of η1,η2-Bridging Cyaphide (C≡P)- Ligands: Trinuclear η1,η1,η2-Bridging Cyaphide and Dinuclear Bridging Isocyaphide (C≡PR) Complexes of Platinum
Konze, Wayde V.,Young Jr., Victor G.,Angelici, Robert J.
, p. 258 - 267 (1999)
The oxidative addition reaction of Pt(PEt3)4 with Cl2C=PN(SiMe3)2 at low temperature (-50 °C) forms the η1-phosphavinyl complex cis-Cl(Et3P)2Pt[C(Cl)=PN(SiMe3)2] (Ia), which isomerizes to the trans-isomer (Ib) upon warming to 0 °C; the structure of Ib was determined by X-ray diffraction studies. Complex Ib reacts with Pt(PEt3)2Cl2 in the presence of 3 equiv of sodium benzophenone to generate the bridging, dinuclear η1,η2-cyaphide complex Cl(Et3P)2-Pt(μ-η1,η 2-C≡P)Pt(PEt3)2 (II) in good yield, providing a much simpler and higher yield preparation of II, which was synthesized and characterized previously by a more circuitous route. Compound II reacts with 0.5 equiv of [Cl2Pt(PEt3)]2 or with 1 equiv of W(CO)5(THF) to generate the trinuclear metal-cyaphide complexes Cl(Et3P)2Pt[μ-η1,η 1,η2-C≡P{Pt(PEt3)-(Cl) 2}]Pt(PEt3)2 (III) and Cl(Et3P)2Pt[μ-η1,η 1,η2-C≡P{W(CO)5}]Pt(PEt 3)2 (IV), respectively, in which the lone pair of electrons on the C≡P phosphorus atom is coordinated to a Pt-(PEt3)(Cl)2 fragment in the former and to a W(CO)5 fragment in the latter; the structure of IV was determined by X-ray diffraction studies. Compound II also reacts with MeI to form the methyl isocyaphide complex (Cl)(Et3P)Pt(μ-C=PMe)Pt(PEt3)2(I) (Vc), in which the cyaphide (C≡P-) ligand is converted to a methyl isocyaphide (C≡PMe) ligand in a semibridging coordination mode. When compound II is reacted with MeOTf, the product is the cationic isocyaphide complex [(Cl)(Et3P)2Pt(μ-η1,η 2-C≡PMe)Pt(PEt3)2](OTf) (Va), which is likely coordinated in an η1,η2-bridging mode. Compound Va reacts with NaI to form Vc, which suggests that Va forms as an intermediate before Vc in the reaction of II with MeI. ? Dedicated to Professor Helmut Werner on the occasion of his 65th birthday.
Investigation of a sodium hypochlorite catholyte for an aluminum aqueous battery system
Medeiros, Maria G.,Zoski, Cynthia G.
, p. 9908 - 9914 (1998)
A solution-phase sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) cathode for use in an aluminum-based seawater battery is presented. This catholyte attains a high power density, a positive redox potential, and a high Faradaic current capacity. NaOCl is also inexpensive, stable, and environmentally safe/friendly. Four aluminum alloys and 99.999% pure aluminum, serving as anodes, were tested in 3.0, 5.0, and 8.0 M NaOH solutions at the temperatures 45, 55, 65, and 80 °C. The catholyte concentration and temperature effects were optimized, and the best electrocatalyst was chosen to carry out the NaOCl reduction. Optimization experiments were carried out on a half-cell basis using a potentiostat in a three-electrode configuration with Ag/AgCl as the reference electrode and a carbon rod as the counter electrode. Full-cell testing incorporating the optimum conditions was performed with a flowing electrolyte apparatus. A catholyte concentration of 0.70 M NaOCl proved optimum in combination with 3.0 M NaOH at the temperature 55 °C and 5.0 M NaOH at the temperature 65 °C. The temperaure 45 °C was not high enough for aluminum activation, the 80 °C data did not show an improvement over the 65 °C data, and polarization was not dramatically enhanced in 8.0 M NaOH. Nickel foil and porous nickel separately electroplated with palladium were found to be the most effective electrocatalysts. Full-cell data demonstrates a successful electrochemical system with current densities approaching 1200 mA/cm2 and voltages above 1.0 V.
Benson, S. W.,Richardson, R. L.
, p. 4206 - 4208 (1955)
Bridging the ruddlesden-popper and the aurivillius phases: Synthesis and structure of a novel series of layered perovskite oxides, (BiO)LnTiO4 (Ln = La, Nd, Sm) [7]
Sivakumar,Seshadri,Gopalakrishnan
, p. 11496 - 11497 (2001)
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Effect of changing reagent energy on reaction dynamics. XI. Dependence of reaction rate on vibrational excitation in endothermic reactions HX(vreag) + Na -> H + NaX(XF,Cl)
Bartoszek, F. E.,Blackwell, B. A.,Polanyi, J. C.,Sloan, J. J.
, p. 3400 - 3410 (1981)
The chemiluminescence depletion (CD) method has been applied to two endothermic reactions to obtain approximate relative rates of reaction kendo(vreag) out of specified reagent vibrational levels vreag for a range of vibrational energies Vreag extending to well above the energy barrier Q.The reactions were (1) HCl+(vreag = 1-4 + Na -> H + NaCl (Q = - 4.2 kcal mole-1, Qc = - 10 kcal mole-1) and (2) HF+(vreag = 1-5) + Na -> H + NaF (Q = - 12 kcal mole-1, Qc = - 18 kcal mole-1).The major finding is that for high Vreag, with over 90percent of the reagent energy present as vibration, the collision-efficiency for both reactions is approximately unity.From this we conjecture that the barrier crest is late, with little extension into the entry valley (type ILS).The reactive cross sections exceed by an order of magnitude the (large) cross section of several Angstroem2 obtained in part VI for endothermic reactions HX+ + Y(e.g., HF+ + Cl).The salient difference is likely to be the fact that the present reactions involve a switch from covalent to ionic bonding.To within experimental error the same absolute vibrational energy in either HCl+ or HF+ gives rise to the same absolute cross section for reaction with Na.
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Faraglia, G.
, p. 99 - 104 (1969)
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Markowitz, M. M.,Boryta, D. A.
, p. 1114 - 1123 (1965)
West, D. H.,Hopkins, B. S.
, p. 2185 - 2186 (1935)
Alexander, John J.,Padolik, Laura L.,Ho, Douglas M.
, (1995)
Aras, N. K.,Kahn, B.,Coryell, C. D.
, p. 527 - 533 (1965)
Spencer
, p. 2565 - 2565 (1914)
Highly Versatile Synthesis of Some Organotin(IV) Complexes of 2-Hydroxyacetophenone Semicarbazone and Thiosemicarbazone
Singh,Singh
, p. 1895 - 1909 (2003)
Some di- and triorganotin(IV) complexes of 2-hydroxyacetophenone semicarbazone (H2MeSSC) and thiosemicarbazone (H2MeSTSC) have been synthesized by the reactions of corresponding di- and triorganotin(IV) chlorides with the anionic for
Oxidation of magnesium in the systems NaClO4-Mg-Metal oxide (peroxide)
Sasnovskaya,Razumova
, p. 1349 - 1354 (2006)
Oxidation of magnesium in mixtures NaClO4 + Mg + metal oxide or peroxide has been investigated using differential thermal analysis (DTA). In the systems with peroxides Na2O2, Li2O 2, BaO2,
Owens, C. W.,Rowland, F. S.
, p. 133 - 137 (1962)
Sharman, L. J.,McCallum, K. J.
, p. 597 (1955)
Markowitz, M. M.
, p. 827 - 829 (1958)
Schlesinger, H. I.,Brown, H. C.,Hyde, E. K.
, p. 209 - 213 (1953)
as phase studies of Na diffusion in He and Ar and kinetics of Na + Cl2 and Na + SF6
Talcott, Carol L.,Ager, Joel W.,Howard, Carleton J.
, p. 6161 - 6169 (1986)
A fast flow reactor, using an oven source and resonant fluorescence detection, was built to study the kinetics of sodium atoms in the gas phase.The rate coefficients for Na + Cl2 and Na + SF6 are (7.80+/-1.6)X10-10 and (1.17+/-0.2)X10-12 cm3 molecule-1 s-1, respectively.Since collisions with the wall remove sodium with approximately unit efficiency, gaseous diflusion coefficients of sodium in the carrier gas can be measured.DNa,He = 325+/-33 cm2 Torr s-1 at 290 K and DNa,Ar =140+/-14 cm2 Torr s-1 at 281 K.The experimental results are compared with previous studies and simple theoretical models.
Husain, David,Marshall, Paul
, (1985)
Synthesis, characterization, and luminescence studies of rare-earth-activated NaMgF3
Singh, Vartika S.,Belsare, Pankaj D.,Moharil, Sanjiv V.
, p. 89 - 96 (2021/11/09)
NaMgF3-based phosphors have been described frequently in the literature. Their synthesis faces difficulties typical of fluoride materials. A simple precipitation synthesis for NaMgF3-based phosphors is described in this paper. This consisted of mixing aq. NaF and MgCl2/MgSO4 solutions. Various activators could be incorporated by adding the required salts during this process. Characteristic emission of the activators was observed in the prepared phosphors. As-prepared samples exhibited predominantly trivalent lanthanide emission. After thermal treatment in a reductive atmosphere, europium-doped samples showed the intense emission of Eu2+. By virtue of the intense nature of the emission, lifetime measurements could be made for this sample. Notably, intense thermoluminescence and optically stimulated luminescence were observed in NaMgF3:Eu. A simple, fast method for the synthesis of NaMgF3 was therefore developed.
Bioinspired Catalytic Reduction of Aqueous Perchlorate by One Single-Metal Site with High Stability against Oxidative Deactivation
Liu, Jinyong,Ren, Changxu
, p. 6715 - 6725 (2021/06/25)
Reduction of perchlorate (ClO4-) with an active and stable catalyst is of great importance for environmental, energy, and space technologies. However, after the rate-limiting oxygen atom transfer (OAT) from inert ClO4-, the much more reactive ClOx- (x ≤ 3) intermediates can cause catalyst deactivation. The previous Re-Pd/C catalyst contained a [ReV(O)(hoz)2]+ site (Hhoz = 2-(2′-hydroxyphenyl)-2-oxazoline) and readily reduced ClO4-, but ClOx- intermediates led to rapid formation and hydrolysis of [ReVII(O)2(hoz)2]+. While microbes use delicate enzymatic machinery to survive the oxidative stress during ClO4- reduction, a synthetic catalyst needs a straightforward self-protective design. In this work, we introduced a methyl group on the ligand oxazoline moiety and achieved a substantial enhancement of catalyst stability without sacrificing the performance of ClO4- reduction. A suite of kinetics measurement, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy characterization, reaction modeling, stopped-flow photospectrometry, and 1H NMR monitoring revealed the underlying mechanism. The most critical and unexpected effect of the methyl group is the deceleration (for 2 orders of magnitude) of OAT from ClO3- to [ReV(O)(Mehoz)2]+. However, the rate of OAT with ClO4- was not affected. The methyl group also slowed down the hydrolysis of [ReVII(O)2(Mehoz)2]+ and allowed the introduction of methoxy onto the phenolate moiety to further accelerate ClO4- reduction. With 1 atm H2 at 20 °C, the Re-Pd/C catalyst used [ReV(O)(MehozOMe)2]+ as the only reaction site to reduce multiple spikes of 10 mM ClO4- into Cl- without decomposition. This work showcases the significant effect of simple ligand modification in improving catalyst stability for high-performance ClO4- reduction.
