16354-58-8Relevant articles and documents
Intramolecular Aminolysis of Esters. O-Acetylserine and γ-Esters of Glutamic Acid
Caswell, Michael,Chaturvedi, Rama K.,Lane, Stuart M.,Zvilichovsky, Bina,Schmir, Gaston L.
, p. 1585 - 1593 (1981)
The kinetics of the concurrent hydrolysis and intramolecular aminolysis of γ-ethyl glutamate have been studied in aqueous solution (40 deg C) in range of pH 7.6-10.4.While hydrolysis contributes only 3percent to the overall rate of reaction of γ-ethyl glutamate at pH 10.4, its importance relative to aminolysis increases with decreasing pH; at pH 8, the hydrolysis pathway accounts for 32percent of the rate of disapperance of the ester.The pH-rate profile for the aminolysis pathway indicates the presence of water and a hydroxide-catalyzed reaction and provides no evidence for intermediates.The conversion of diethyl glutamate to pyrrolidone-5-carboxylate may occur through either of two competing pathways: (a) rate-determining aminolysis to ethyl pyrrolidone-5-carboxylate, followed by rapid hydrolysis of the ester; (b) rate-determining hydrolysis to γ-ethylglutamate, followed by rapid cyclization.The pH-rate profile for the intramolecular aminolysis of O-acetylserine, determined at zero buffer concentration (30 deg C), has the complex appearance characteristic for acyl-transfer reactions involving neutral and anionic tetrahedral intermediates.Quantitative support for the interpretation of the pH-rate profile comes from the analysis of the nonlinear increases in the rate of aminolysis observed in the presence of increasing concentrations of phosphate buffers.The results of this and earlier studies suggest that there may not be major differences in the mechanisms of the intra- and intermolecular aminolysis of weakly acidic alcohols.
GRANZYME B DIRECTED IMAGING AND THERAPY
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Page/Page column 108; 109, (2019/09/04)
Provided herein are heterocyclic compounds useful for imaging Granzyme B. Methods of imaging Granzyme B, combination therapies, and kits comprising the Granzyme B imaging agents are also provided.
L-serine linked dihydroartemisinin-fluoroquinolone conjugate and intermediate thereof, preparation methods of L-serine linked dihydroartemisinin-fluoroquinolone conjugate and intermediate thereof, and uses of L-serine linked dihydroartemisinin-fluoroquinolone conjugate
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Paragraph 0121; 0127-0129, (2019/11/29)
The invention discloses an L-serine linked dihydroartemisinin-fluoroquinolone conjugate represented by a formula I, an intermediate represented by a formula II, preparation methods of the compounds represented by the formula I and the formula II, and uses of the compound represented by the formula I in preparation of anti-Mycobacterium tuberculosis drugs or/and blood lipid lowering drugs.
Peptide Tyrosinase Activators
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, (2015/06/10)
Peptides that increase melanin synthesis are provided. These peptides include pentapeptides YSSWY, YRSRK, and their variants. The peptides may activate the enzymatic activity of tyrosinase to increase melanin synthesis. The pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and other compositions including the peptides are also provided. The methods of increasing melanin production in epidermis of a subject are provided where the methods include administering compositions comprising an amount of one or more peptides effective to increase the melanin production. The methods also include treating vitiligo or other hypopigmentation disorders with compositions including one or more peptides.
CHEMOSELECTIVE ENRICHMENT FOR COMPOUND ISOLATION
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Paragraph 0081-0082, (2014/05/07)
Chemoselective isolation of aliphatic hydroxyl group-containing and aromatic hydroxyl group-containing compounds is accomplished via formation of polymeric siloxyl ethers. Chemoselective release of aliphatic hydroxyl group-containing and aromatic hydroxyl group-containing compounds from polymeric siloxyl reagents is described.
Stable triazolylphosphonate analogues of phosphohistidine
Mukai, Shin,Flematti, Gavin R.,Byrne, Lindsay T.,Besant, Paul G.,Attwood, Paul V.,Piggott, Matthew J.
experimental part, p. 857 - 874 (2012/10/07)
Histidine-phosphorylated proteins and the corresponding kinases are important components of bacterial and eukaryotic cell-signalling pathways, and are therefore potential drug targets. The study of these biomolecules has been hampered by the lability of the phosphoramidate functional group in the phosphohistidines and the lack of generic antibodies. Herein, the design and concise synthesis of stable triazolylphosphonate analogues of N1-and N3-phosphohistidine, and derivatives suitable for bioconjugation, are described. Springer-Verlag 2011.
Synthesis and anticonvulsant activities of (R)-N-(4′-substituted) benzyl 2-acetamido-3-methoxypropionamides
Salomé, Christophe,Salomé-Grosjean, Elise,Park, Ki Duk,Morieux, Pierre,Swendiman, Robert,DeMarco, Erica,Stables, James P.,Kohn, Harold
supporting information; experimental part, p. 1288 - 1305 (2010/07/10)
The structure-activity relationship (SAR) for the N-benzyl group in the clinical antiepileptic agent (R)-lacosamide [(R)-N-benzyl 2-acetamido-3- methoxypropionamide, (R)-3] has been explored. Forty-three compounds were prepared and then evaluated at the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke Anticonvulsant Screening Program for seizure protection in the maximal electroshock (MES) and subcutaneous Metrazol models. Comparing activities for two series of substituted aryl regioisomers (2′, 3′, 4′) showed that 4′-modified derivatives had the highest activity. Significantly, structural latitude existed at the 4′-site. The SAR indicated that nonbulky 4′-substituted (R)-3 derivatives exhibited superb activity, independent of their electronic properties. Activities in the MES test of several compounds were comparable with or exceeded that of (R)-3 and surpassed the activities observed for the traditional antiepileptic agents phenytoin, phenobarbital, and valproate. 2009 American Chemical Society.
A magnetic biomimetic nanocatalyst for cleaving phosphoester and carboxylic ester bonds under mild conditions
Zheng, Yan,Duanmu, Chuansong,Gao, Yong
, p. 3215 - 3217 (2007/10/03)
As a result of the unique surface structure of nanospheres, Asp and His residues supported on a 12 nm maghemite nanoparticle worked collaboratively as a biomimetic nanocatalyst for hydrolyzing paraoxon (phosphoester) and 4-nitrophenyl acetate (carboxylic ester) in Milli-Q water (pH 7.0) at 37 °C, without employing extremes of pH or heavy metals. Our nanocatalyst could be facilely recovered via magnetic concentration. The isolated catalyst exhibited long-term stability, showing no significant loss of its catalytic activity for repeated uses after 3 months.
PYRROLIDINE, THIAZOLIDINE AND OXAZOLIDINE COMPOUNDS WHICH INHIBIT DIPEPTIDYL PEPTIDASE-IV (DPP)
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Page 49-50, (2010/02/10)
A compound of the formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof: [wherein X is cyano or H; Y is CHA compound of the formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof: [wherein X is cyano or H; Y is CH?2#191, O, S, SO or SO?2# Z is (lower)alkylene, and the like; R?1? and R?2? are linked together to form (lower)alkylene or (lower)alkenylene, and R?3? is H, (lower)alkyl or hydroxy; and the like; and the (lower)alkylene formed by R?1? and R?2? and the like may be substituted which may be substituted.] Compounds of formula (I) inhibit DPP-IV activity. They are therefore useful in the treatment of conditions mediated by DPP-IV, such as NIDDM.
Synthesis and anticonvulsant activities of N-benzyl-2-acetamidopropionamide derivatives
Choi, Daeock,Stables, James P.,Kohn, Harold
, p. 1907 - 1916 (2007/10/03)
Studies have demonstrated that 2-substituted N-benzyl-2-acetamidoacetamides (2) are potent anticonvulsants. A recent investigation has led to the hypothesis that an important structural feature in 2 for maximal anticonvulsant activity is the placement of a small, substituted heteroatom moiety one atom from the C(2) site. This paper validates this hypothesis. Twelve derivatives of N-benzyl-2-acetamidopropionamide have been prepared in which six different heteroatom substituents (chloro, bromo, iodo, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur) were incorporated at the C(3) site. Highly potent activities were observed for the two oxygen-substituted derivatives, N-benzyl-2-acetamido-3-methoxypropionamide (18) and N-benzyl-2-acetamido-3-ethoxypropionamide (19). The ED50 values in mice following intraperitoneal (ip) dosing for the maximal electroschock-induced seizure test for 18 and 19 were 8.3 and 17.3 mg/kg, respectively. These values compared favorably to the ED50 value found for phenytoin (ED50 = 6.5 mg/kg). Comparable activities were observed for 18 and 19 upon oral (po) administration to rats (18, ED50 = 3.9 mg/kg; 19, ED50 = 19 mg/kg; phenytoin, ED50 = 23 mg/kg). Evaluation of the individual stereoisomers for 18 demonstrated that the principal anticonvulsant activity resided in the (R)-stereoisomer. The ED50 value for (R)-18 was 4.5 mg/kg, and the ED50 for (S)-18 exceeded 100 mg/kg. This difference in activity for the two stereochemical isomers surpassed comparable values for other members within this class of compounds. The protective indices (PI = TD50/ED50) (where TD50 represents a neurotoxic dose impairing rotorod performance) for (R)-18 in mice (ip) and in rats (po) were 6.0 and > 130, respectively.
