19740-72-8Relevant articles and documents
The effect of acid strength on the Mitsunobu esterification reaction: Carboxyl vs hydroxyl reactivity
Hughes, David L.,Reamer, Robert A.
, p. 2967 - 2971 (1996)
In the presence of carboxylic acids, the adduct formed between triphenylphosphine and diisopropyl azodicarboxylate reacts to form mono- and bis-acylated hydrazides and the carboxylic acid anhydrides. These products are formed via attack of the carboxylate on the triphenylphosphonium group of the adduct, with weaker acids reacting much faster than stronger acids. This provides an explanation for the observation in the literature that acids stronger than acetic acid, such as 4-nitrobenzoic acid and chloroacetic acid, provide better yields in esterification reactions, since reaction of the alcohol with the phosphonium group of the adduct is more rapid than the competing reaction of the carboxylate for the phosphonium group.
The formation of anhydrides in the Mitsunobu reaction
Harvey, Peta J.,Von Itzstein, Mark,Jenkins, Ian D.
, p. 3933 - 3942 (1997)
Treatment of benzoic acid with triphenylphosphine and diisopropyl azodicarboxylate in THF or acetonitrile, results in the formation of benzoic anhydride. A significant solvent effect was observed for this reaction. Anhydride formation did not occur however with the more acidic p-nitrobenzoic acid. Relative rate and competition experiments suggest that the improved yields observed when p-nitrobenzoic acid is used instead of benzoic acid in the Mitsunobu esterification reaction are due to competitive anhydride formation in the latter case.
1,2-DIALKOXYCARBONYLHYDRAZINE DERIVATIVES OF PYRROLES AND INDOLIZINES. A NEW SYNTHESIS OF CYCLAZINES
Flitsch, Wilhelm,Heinrich, Juergen
, p. 3673 - 3676 (1980)
The reaction of pyrroles 1 with diisopropyl azodicarboxylate 2 yields 2- and 2,5-substituted derivatives. 3- and 1,3-substituted indolizines 5 and 6 are formed by the same route.Cyclazines 7 have been obtained from 5 and 6 with dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate.
Decarboxylative Amination: Diazirines as Single and Double Electrophilic Nitrogen Transfer Reagents
Chandrachud, Preeti P.,Wojtas, Lukasz,Lopchuk, Justin M.
supporting information, p. 21743 - 21750 (2021/01/11)
The ubiquity of nitrogen-containing small molecules in medicine necessitates the continued search for improved methods for C-N bond formation. Electrophilic amination often requires a disparate toolkit of reagents whose selection depends on the specific structure and functionality of the substrate to be aminated. Further, many of these reagents are challenging to handle, engage in undesired side reactions, and function only within a narrow scope. Here we report the use of diazirines as practical reagents for the decarboxylative amination of simple and complex redox-active esters. The diaziridines thus produced are readily diversifiable to amines, hydrazines, and nitrogen-containing heterocycles in one step. The reaction has also been applied in fluorous phase synthesis with a perfluorinated diazirine.
Photocatalytic esterification under Mitsunobu reaction conditions mediated by flavin and visible light
M?rz,Chudoba,Kohout,Cibulka
supporting information, p. 1970 - 1975 (2017/03/11)
The usefulness of flavin-based aerial photooxidation in esterification under Mitsunobu reaction conditions was demonstrated, providing aerial dialkyl azodicarboxylate recycling/generation from the corresponding dialkyl hydrazine dicarboxylate. Simultaneously, activation of triphenylphosphine (Ph3P) by photoinduced electron transfer from flavin allows azo-reagent-free esterification. An optimized system with 3-methylriboflavin tetraacetate (10%), oxygen (terminal oxidant), visible light (450 nm), Ph3P, and dialkyl hydrazine dicarboxylate (10%) has been shown to provide efficient and stereoselective coupling of various alcohols and acids to esters with retention of configuration.
Method of manufacturing Azodicarboxylic acid diester compd. (by machine translation)
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Paragraph 0029; 0031, (2017/04/28)
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a manufacturing method in which an azodicarboxylate diester compound can be efficiently obtained in a high yield and which is industrially advantageous.SOLUTION: There is provided a manufacturing method for azodicarboxylate diester compound including: a process (a) of obtaining a 1,2-hydrazine dicarboxylate diester compound through reaction between hydrazine and a halocarbonate ester; and a process (b) of obtaining an azodicarboxylate diester compound represented by general formula (2) (where A represents a hydrocarbon or a hydrocarbon which may have an ether bond) by oxidizing the 1,2-hydrazine dicarboxylate diester compound obtained in the process (a), the 1,2-hydrazine dicarboxylate diester compound being neither isolated nor refined.
Copper-catalyzed C-N bond formation using dialkyl azodicarboxylate as the amination reagent
Samzadeh-Kermani, Alireza
, p. 463 - 465 (2016/01/12)
An efficient copper-catalyzed reaction for C-N bond formation using aryl halides, dialkyl azodicarboxylate, and a hydride source is reported. Using this procedure, aryl iodides reacted at ambient conditions, while aryl bromides required heating to 60 °C to accomplish the transformation. Various functional groups were tolerated under the optimum conditions.
REDUCTION METHOD USING WATER AS PROTON SOURCE BY MEANS OF N-HETEROCYCLIC CARBENE
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Paragraph 0014; 0015; 0028, (2016/10/10)
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a reduction method using water as a proton source by means of N-heterocyclic carbene, in which the N-heterocyclic carbene is used actively as a reaction accelerator to realize a hydrogenation reaction by using water as the proton source. SOLUTION: A solution, which is obtained by mixing: a reaction substrate shown at an upper stage of the following formulae; a precursor of the triazole-based N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) shown at a lower stage; water; and 1,2-dimethoxyethane being a solvent, is reacted at 100°C or higher temperature for 2 hours or more while making the solution to pass through a microwave reaction unit and the reacted solution is subjected to reduced-pressure distillation to obtain a hydrogenated product. The formulae: (EWG1-EWG4 are each an ester group, a cyano group, a ketone group, an amido group or an imido group;R1-R5 are each a 1-20C aliphatic group, a 3-12C alicyclic group or 6-30C aromatic group) SELECTED DRAWING: None COPYRIGHT: (C)2016,JPO&INPIT
Transfer hydrogenation promoted by N-heterocyclic carbene and water
Kato, Terumasa,Matsuoka, Shin-Ichi,Suzuki, Masato
supporting information, p. 13906 - 13909 (2015/09/07)
N-Heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) promote the transfer hydrogenation of various activated C=C, C=N, and N=N bonds with water as the proton source. The NHCs act as reducing reagents to be converted into their oxides. A detailed reaction mechanism is proposed on the basis of deuterium-labeling experiments.
Metal-free, hydroacylation of CC and NN bonds via aerobic C-H activation of aldehydes, and reaction of the products thereof
Chudasama, Vijay,Akhbar, Ahmed R.,Bahou, Karim A.,Fitzmaurice, Richard J.,Caddick, Stephen
, p. 7301 - 7317 (2013/10/22)
In this report, a thorough evaluation of the use of aerobically initiated, metal-free hydroacylation of various CC and NN acceptor molecules with a wide range of aldehydes is presented. The aerobic-activation conditions that have been developed are in sharp contrast to previous conditions for hydroacylation, which tend to use transition metals, peroxides that require thermal or photochemical degradation, or N-heterocyclic carbenes. The mildness of the conditions enables a number of reactions involving sensitive reaction partners and, perhaps most significantly, allows for α-functionalised chiral aldehydes to undergo radical-based hydroacylation with complete retention of optical purity. We also demonstrate how the resulting hydroacylation products can be transformed into other useful intermediates, such as γ-keto- sulfonamides, sultams, sultones, cyclic N-sulfonyl imines and amides.
