25401-89-2Relevant articles and documents
Controlling the formation of heliconical smectic phases by molecular design of achiral bent-core molecules
Alaasar, Mohamed,Cai, Xiaoqian,Eremin, Alexey,Kurachkina, Marharyta,Lehmann, Anne,Liu, Feng,Nagaraj, Mamatha,Poppe, Marco,Poppe, Silvio,Tamba, Maria-Gabriela,Tschierske, Carsten,Vij, Jagdish K.
, p. 3316 - 3336 (2020/03/23)
Fluids with spontaneous helical structures formed by achiral low molecular mass molecules is a newly emerging field with great application potential. Here, we explore the chemical mechanisms of the helix formation by systematically modifying the structure of a bent 4-cyanoresorcinol unit functionalized with two different phenyl benzoate based aromatic rods and terminated with two alkyl chains of variable length. The majority of these achiral compounds self-assemble, forming a short-pitch heliconical liquid crystalline phase in broad temperature ranges. In some cases, it occurs without any competing low-temperature phase. We demonstrate that the mirror symmetry broken mesophase occurs at the paraelectric-(anti)ferroelectric transition if the tilt angle of the molecules in the smectic layers is around 18-20° and if this transition coincides with a change of the tilt correlation between the layers. In the close vicinity of this transition, a field-induced heliconical phase develops as well as a new heliconical phase with polarization-randomized structure. These investigations provide a blueprint for the future design of achiral molecules capable of spontaneous mirror symmetry breaking by the formation of heliconical liquid crystalline phases.
4-Methylresorcinol based bent-core liquid crystals with azobenzene wings-a new class of compounds with dark conglomerate phases
Alaasar, Mohamed,Prehm, Marko,Brautzsch, Marcel,Tschierske, Carsten
, p. 5487 - 5501 (2014/07/08)
Stochastic achiral symmetry breaking in soft matter systems, leading to conglomerates of macroscopically chiral domains (so-called dark conglomerate = DC phases) is of contemporary interest from a fundamental scientific point of view as well as for numero
Synthesis and critical micelle concentration of a series of gemini alkylphenol polyoxyethylene nonionic surfactants
Yang, Fang,Li, Gang,Xu, Nian,Liu, Rong,Zhang, Song-Mei,Wu, Zeng-Jiang
, p. 339 - 345 (2012/06/30)
A series of gemini n-alkylphenol polyoxyethylene surfactants (GAP) were successfully synthesized and their molecular structure were confirmed by NMR and FTIR spectrum. Using the same synthesis route, a Gemini nonylphenol polyoxyethylene surfactant (GNP) was synthesized using an industrial nonylphenol product and paraformaldehyde, and its molecular structure was also characterized by 1H-NMR and FTIR spectra. The optimal reaction conditions were established. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) values of GAP were determined by means of Wilhelmy plate method and steady-state fluorescence probe method. The experimental results show how the lengths of the hydrophilic polyoxyethylene chain and the hydrophobic tail alter the CMC values. The CMC values of the GAP are found to be much lower than those of corresponding conventional single tail nonionic surfactants of the polyethoxylated alkylphenol type, which indicates that the gemini species exhibit a better surface activity. AOCS 2011.
Tilt Angle Variation as a Function of Chain Length and Temperature in the Smectic C Phases of p,Alkoxyphenyl-p,Alkoxybenzoates
Heinrich, B.,Guillon, D.
, p. 21 - 44 (2007/10/02)
The variation of the tilt angle with temperature in the smectic C phase has generally been shown to be non-existent or very slow for compounds or mixtures with the nematic-smectic C transition, while in the case of systems with the smectic A-smectic C transition, a relation between the steepness of this variation, near the transition, and the width of the smectic A domain has been observed.In this work, the variation of tilt angle in the smectic C phase is described for p-alkoxyphenyl-p-alkoxybenzoate homologous series, for which the evolution of polymorphism can be controlled systematically, by varying stepwise the length of the aliphatic chains, and for which large domains can be obtained for each type of phase sequence, nematic-, smectic A- and isotropic-smectic C.After completing the discussion made previously on the incidence of chain length on polymorphism, we confirm that the variation of tilt angle with temperature is slowest for compounds with intermediate chain lengths corresponding to the largest smectic A temperature range; this variation becomes continuously steeper when the smectic A domain becomes narrow.In addition, we show that the same description can be extended to the other types of phase sequences, by using the hypothesis of a virtual smectic A-smectic C transition above the observed nematic- or isotropic-smectic C transition.In fact, short chain lengths for homologues with a nematic/smectic C transition, or long chain lengths for homologues with an isotropic/smectic C transition, lead to an increase of the tilt angle at the phase transition and to a decrease of the amplitude of its variation with temperature; in our description, this behaviour corresponds to an increase of the temperature range between the real and virtual transitions.As a consequence, the homologues with very short and very long chain lengths show a quasi temperature-independent tilt angle, while the other homologues present a tilt angle variation similar to that observed for compounds exhibiting a smectic C/smectic A transition.This feature indicates that there is no need to distinguish between different types of smectic C phase.
Analogues of platelet activating factor (PAF). I. Some modifications of the alkoxy chain
Wissner,Sum,Schaub,Kohler,Goldstein
, p. 1174 - 1181 (2007/10/02)
Analogues of platelet activating factor (PAF) in which the ether oxygen has been removed and in which the alkoxy chain at C1 has been replaced with a o-, p-, or m-alkylphenoxy group (30, 31, and 35, respectively) have been prepared. Compound 6 shows reduced platelet aggregation and hypotensive activity in comparison with C16 and C18 PAF. The results obtained for compounds 30, 31, and 35 indicate that the hypotensive and platelet aggregating responses are sensitive to structural modification of the ether chain. The ortho analogue 30 shows no platelet aggregating activity and only a weak hypotensive response. The para analogue 31 exhibits a moderate decrease in activity in both assays. The meta analogue 35 is the most active of the three.