5300-21-0Relevant articles and documents
Synthesis of Arylethylamines via C(sp3)-C(sp3) Palladium-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling
Lippa, Rhys A.,Battersby, David J.,Murphy, John A.,Barrett, Tim N.
, p. 3583 - 3604 (2021/02/27)
Substituted arylethylamines represent a key structural motif in natural, pharmaceutical, and agrochemical compounds. Access to such scaffolds has been the subject of long-standing synthetic interest. Herein, we report the synthesis of such scaffolds via a palladium-catalyzed C(sp3)-C(sp3) coupling between (chloromethyl)aryls and air-/moisture-stable N,N-dialkylaminomethyltrifluoroborate salts. Rapid hit identification was achieved using microscale high-throughput experimentation and was followed by millimolar-scale reaction parameter optimization. A range of structurally and electronically varied arylethylamine products were obtained in moderate to excellent yields (27-96%, >60 examples). The reaction mechanism is proposed to proceed via formation of a trialkylbenzylammonium species prior to oxidative addition.
AlCl3 immobilized on silicic acid as efficient Lewis acid catalyst for highly selective preparation of dicyclohexylamine from the vapor phase hydroamination of cyclohexene with cyclohexylamine
Ai, Qiuhong,Jian, Jian,Liu, Pingle,Luo, He'an,Wen, Jingbin,You, Kuiyi,Zhao, Fangfang
, (2020/07/21)
An efficient and stable Lewis acid catalyst silicic acid (SA)-immobilized AlCl3 (AlCl3-SA) has been successfully prepared by the chemical bonding method in this work. The results indicated that the immobilized 15percentAlCl3-SA exhibited excellent catalytic performance and stability in the vapor phase hydroamination of cyclohexene with cyclohexylamine. 58.5percent cyclohexene conversion with 98.7percent selectivity to dicyclohexylamine was still maintained after running for over 150 h, and the space time yield of dicyclohexylamine was 142.6 mol/h·m3. The developed AlCl3-SA catalyst had the advantages of low cost and long-time stable activity. Maybe this work provides a promising approach for hydroamination of olefins to amines.
New approach for induction of alkyl moiety to aliphatic amines by NaBH(OAc)3 with carboxylic acid
Tamura, Satoru,Sugawara, Aoi,Sato, Erika,Sato, Fuka,Sato, Keigo,Kawano, Tomikazu
supporting information, (2020/04/15)
We had found the novel N-alkylation method, which utilizes carboxylic acids as alkyl sources with sodium triacetoxyborohydride [NaBH(OAc)3]. Our methodology had been revealed to have some advantages over the reported similar procedures. Through
Chemoselective amide reductions by heteroleptic fluoroaryl boron Lewis acids
Peruzzi, Michael T.,Mei, Qiong Qiong,Lee, Stephen J.,Gagné, Michel R.
supporting information, p. 5855 - 5858 (2018/06/13)
The heteroleptic borane catalyst (C6F5)2B(CH2CH2CH2)BPin is found to hydrosilylatively reduce amides under mild conditions. Simple tertiary amides can be reduced using Me2EtSiH, whereas tertiary benzamides required a more reactive secondary silane, Et2SiH2, for efficient reduction. The catalytic system described exhibits exceptional chemoselectivity in the reduction of oligoamides and tolerates functionalities which are prone to reduction under similar conditions.
Lithium-Catalyzed anti-Markovnikov Intermolecular Hydroamination Reactions of Vinylarenes and Simple Secondary Amines
Germain, Stéphane,Lecoq, Meije,Schulz, Emmanuelle,Hannedouche, Jér?me
, p. 1749 - 1753 (2017/05/26)
Various β-arylethylamine derivatives were straightforwardly obtained by the lithium-catalyzed anti-Markovnikov selective intermolecular hydroamination reaction of secondary aliphatic amines with vinylarenes. The use of only 1.5 mol % LiCH2TMS as a solid base in THF proved to be efficient to deliver the target products at room temperature with up to complete conversions. Both reaction partners were, moreover, used in equivalent amounts; thus, this protocol best respects the concepts of sustainable chemistry for the easy preparation of lead structures for pharmaceutically active compounds.
Catalyst Design of Vaska-Type Iridium Complexes for Highly Efficient Synthesis of π-Conjugated Enamines
Tahara, Atsushi,Miyamoto, Yasumitsu,Aoto, Ryuta,Shigeta, Keisuke,Une, Yuta,Sunada, Yusuke,Motoyama, Yukihiro,Nagashima, Hideo
, p. 4895 - 4907 (2015/11/09)
The appropriate design of a ligand (L) in IrCl(CO)(L)2 (4) realized the efficient synthesis of π-conjugated enamines possessing hole-transport properties. The iridium complex with electron-withdrawing phosphorus ligands catalyzed the hydrosilylation of amides to the corresponding silylhemiaminals, which were transformed to the enamines by heat or by treatment with acids. High catalytic efficiency (TON > 10,000) was achieved, which made it possible for the residual iridium in the enamine product to be below 20 ppb.
Hydroamination of terminal alkynes with secondary amines catalyzed by copper: Regioselective access to amines
Bahri, Janet,Blieck, Rémi,Jamoussi, Bassem,Taillefer, Marc,Monnier, Florian
, p. 11210 - 11212 (2015/07/07)
A simple and convenient copper-catalyzed hydroamination of arylacetylenes with secondary amines has been performed giving a simple access to aliphatic amines after reduction of the hydroaminated products (E-enamines). Here we described a mild catalytic system utilizing CuCN precatalyst without any additive ligands in a solvent-free system.
Ruthenium-catalyzed N-alkylation of amines with alcohols under mild conditions using the borrowing hydrogen methodology
Enyong, Arrey B.,Moasser, Bahram
, p. 7553 - 7563 (2014/09/17)
Using a simple amino amide ligand, ruthenium-catalyzed one-pot alkylation of primary and secondary amines with simple alcohols was carried out under a wide range of conditions. Using the alcohol as solvent, alkylation was achieved under mild conditions, even as low as room temperature. Reactions occurred with high conversion and selectivity in many cases. Reactions can also be carried out at high temperatures in organic solvent with high selectivity using stoichiometric amounts of the alcohol.
Reductive hydroxyalkylation/alkylation of amines with lactones/esters
Wang, Yu-Huang,Ye, Jian-Liang,Wang, Ai-E,Huang, Pei-Qiang
experimental part, p. 6504 - 6511 (2012/09/08)
We have developed a one-pot method for the direct intermolecular reductive hydroxyalkylation or alkylation of amines using lactones or esters as the hydroxyalkylating/alkylating reagents. The method is based on the in situ amidation of lactones/esters with DIBAL-H-amine complex (for primary amines) or DIBAL-H-amine hydrochloride salt complex (for secondary amines), followed by reduction of the amides with an excess of DIBAL-H. Different from the reduction of Weinreb amides with DIBAL-H where aldehydes are formed, the reduction of the in situ formed Weinreb amides yielded amines. Moreover, this method is not limited to Weinreb amides, instead, it also works for other amides in general. A plausible mechanism is suggested to account for the outcome of the reactions.
Selective N-alkylation of amines using nitriles under hydrogenation conditions: Facile synthesis of secondary and tertiary amines
Ikawa, Takashi,Fujita, Yuki,Mizusaki, Tomoteru,Betsuin, Sae,Takamatsu, Haruki,Maegawa, Tomohiro,Monguchi, Yasunari,Sajiki, Hironao
supporting information; experimental part, p. 293 - 304 (2012/02/01)
Nitriles were found to be highly effective alkylating reagents for the selective N-alkylation of amines under catalytic hydrogenation conditions. For the aromatic primary amines, the corresponding secondary amines were selectively obtained under Pd/C-catalyzed hydrogenation conditions. Although the use of electron poor aromatic amines or bulky nitriles showed a lower reactivity toward the reductive alkylation, the addition of NH4OAc enhanced the reactivity to give secondary aromatic amines in good to excellent yields. Under the same reaction conditions, aromatic nitro compounds instead of the aromatic primary amines could be directly transformed into secondary amines via a domino reaction involving the one-pot hydrogenation of the nitro group and the reductive alkylation of the amines. While aliphatic amines were effectively converted to the corresponding tertiary amines under Pd/C-catalyzed conditions, Rh/C was a highly effective catalyst for the N-monoalkylation of aliphatic primary amines without over-alkylation to the tertiary amines. Furthermore, the combination of the Rh/C-catalyzed N-monoalkylation of the aliphatic primary amines and additional Pd/C-catalyzed alkylation of the resulting secondary aliphatic amines could selectively prepare aliphatic tertiary amines possessing three different alkyl groups. According to the mechanistic studies, it seems reasonable to conclude that nitriles were reduced to aldimines before the nucleophilic attack of the amine during the first step of the reaction.