- On the supramolecular outcomes of fluorination of cyclohexane-5-spirohydantoin derivatives
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The quantitative assessment of intermolecular interactions and their cooperative effects has been performed in spirohydantoin-based model compounds, 3-benzoyl-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-2,4-dione (1) and 3-(4-fluorobenzoyl)-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-2,4-dione (2), through single crystal X-ray crystallography and quantum chemical studies. In both crystal structures, molecules generate the same hydrogen-bonded centrosymmetric R22(8) synthon. The extended supramolecular architectures depend on the C-HO, C-Hπ, stacking interactions and parallel interactions at large offsets, which lead to molecular sheets and further, with the assistance of the C-HF interaction in the case of2, to three-dimensional networks. Electrostatic potential maps have indicated that formation of the intermolecular FF interaction in the crystal structure of2results in a new region with a larger surface area and a higher negative potential in comparison to the individual fluorine atoms. Establishment of this interaction leads to strengthening of the interaction of one of the fluorine atoms with a third molecule from the environment which does not interact with both of them. When this third molecule interacts with both fluorine atoms simultaneously, the calculations have shown that the effect of strengthening of the individual interactions due to formation of the FF interaction is absent.
- Gak Simi?, Kristina,?or?evi?, Ivana,Lazi?, Anita,Radovanovi?, Lidija,Petkovi?-Benazzouz, Marija,Rogan, Jelena,Tri?ovi?, Nemanja,Janji?, Goran
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- Molecular modelling and synthesis of spiroimidazolidine-2,4-diones with dual activities as hypoglycemic agents and selective inhibitors of aldose reductase
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Novel derivatives of spiroimidazolidinedione were synthesized and evaluated as hypoglycemic agents through binding to sulfonylurea receptor 1 (SUR1) in pancreatic beta-cells. Their selectivity index was calculated against both aldehyde reductase (ALR1) an
- Salem, Manar G.,Abdel Aziz, Yasmine M.,Elewa, Marwa,Elshihawy, Hosam A.,Said, Mohamed M.
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- Synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial activity of nalidixic acid derivatives with spirohydantoins
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This article presents the synthesis of a series of amides, based on the interaction of several 3-aminospirohydantoins with nalidixic acid. The target compounds were characterized by physicochemical parameters, IR, 1H and 13C NMR spectral data. The antimicrobial activity of the products obtained was determined against Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis, Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella abony, the yeasts Candida albicans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae and the molds Penicillium chrysogenum and Aspergillus niger. The relationship between structure and biological activity of the products obtained was discussed. It was found that the most effective compounds are tetralin (5f) and indane (5g) derivatives, which exhibit a pronounced antimicrobial activity against both tested Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
- Marinov, Marin,Kostova, Iliana,Naydenova, Emilia,Prodanova, Rumyana,Stoyanov, Neyko
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p. 2787 - 2793
(2019/08/01)
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- Synthesis, structural characterization, DFT calculations and antiproliferative evaluation of novel spirohydantoin derivatives containing a substituted benzyl moiety
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Two series of cycloalkanespiro-5-hydantoins, namely cyclohexanespiro-5-hydantoins and cycloheptanespiro-5-hydantoins with a 4-substituted benzyl or a 2-(4-substituted phenyl)-2-oxoethyl group at N3 position, were synthesized and their effects on proliferation of human colon (HCT-116), leukemia (K562) and breast (MDA-MB-231) cancer cell lines were tested. For comparison, we also described the 5,5-diphenylhydantoin analogues. The structural features of the investigated compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR, UV–Vis, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography. Regarding their structure–activity relationships, it was shown that the substitution on the benzyl moiety with the methoxy, chloro or bromo group potentiated the antiproliferative activity relative to the parent compounds, while an increase in the size of the cycloalkyl group resulted mostly in a decrease of the antiproliferative activity. The single crystal X-ray analysis revealed the existence of dimers and chains formed by the N–H?O hydrogen bonds. The analysis of the molecular descriptors of Lipinski demonstrated that all investigated compounds obeyed the rule of five. To further understand their geometry and electronic structure, DFT calculations with B3LYP method using 6-311++G(d,p) basic set were performed. In this context, the UV–Vis spectra of the investigated compounds were analyzed in detail, whereby the predicted absorption spectra from DFT calculation matched the experimentally obtained ones, with a good correlation. The interesting physico-chemical and pharmacologically relevant properties of the investigated compounds warrant their further investigation.
- Lazi?, Anita M.,Radovanovi?, Lidija D.,Bo?i?, Bojan ?.,Bo?i? Nedeljkovi?, Biljana ?.,Vitnik, Vesna D.,Vitnik, ?eljko J.,Rogan, Jelena R.,Valenti?, Nata?a V.,U??umli?, Gordana S.,Tri?ovi?, Nemanja P.
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- Towards understanding intermolecular interactions in hydantoin derivatives: the case of cycloalkane-5-spirohydantoins tethered with a halogenated benzyl moiety
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A series of cycloalkane-5-spirohydantoins bearing a halogeno substituted benzyl group (X = Cl and Br) in position 3 has been synthesized and their structures (1-6) have been determined by a single crystal X-ray diffraction method. These compounds have multiple functional groups, which allow greater competition and/or cooperation among the different intermolecular interactions in the formation of their crystal structures. The molecules are linked together by paired N-H?O hydrogen bonds in R22(8) rings, while the C-H?O interactions lead to their further association into double chains. The contribution of the cycloalkyl ring depends on its conformational flexibility and the multiple C-H donor implications. In the case of compounds 1-4 bearing the cyclopentyl or the cyclohexyl ring, halogen bonding (X?O) interactions give rise to a supramolecular pseudo-hexagonal network. In addition, the C-H?X interactions with a higher degree of multifurcation at the halogen acceptor have an important role in the formation of the crystal structure. Regarding compounds 5 and 6 with the cycloheptane ring, the X?O interaction is absent, and along with the C-H?X interactions, these compounds realize an alternative crystal structure with an emphasis on the X?π interactions. The lattice energies of all these crystal structures, as well as the intermolecular pair energies, have been calculated using PIXEL and further partitioned into coulombic, dispersive, polarization and repulsive factors. The crystal structures have also been subjected to Hirshfeld surface analysis which reveals that approximately 75% of the close contacts correspond to relatively weak interactions. The application of both concepts has provided a new insight into the relationship between the molecular interactions and crystal structures of the hydantoin derivatives.
- Lazi?, Anita,Tri?ovi?, Nemanja,Radovanovi?, Lidija,Rogan, Jelena,Poleti, Dejan,Vitnik,Vitnik, Vesna,U??umli?, Gordana
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p. 469 - 483
(2017/01/29)
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- Continuous Synthesis of Hydantoins: Intensifying the Bucherer-Bergs Reaction
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A continuous Bucherer-Bergs hydantoin synthesis utilizing intensified conditions is reported. The methodology is characterized by a two-feed flow approach to independently feed the organic substrate and the aqueous reagent solution. The increased interfacial area of the biphasic reaction mixture and the lack of headspace enabled almost quantitative conversions within ca. 30 minutes at 120 °C and 20 bar even for unpolar starting materials. In addition, a selective N(3)-monoalkylation of the resulting heterocycles under batch microwave conditions is reported yielding potential acetylcholinesterase inhibitors.
- Monteiro, Julia L.,Pieber, Bartholom?us,Corrêa, Arlene G.,Kappe, C. Oliver
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supporting information
p. 83 - 87
(2015/12/26)
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- Microwave-assisted synthesis of functionalized spirohydantoins as 3-D privileged fragments for scouting the chemical space
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Fragment-based drug design has been successfully applied to a large set of proteins, however in order to expand this concept to the most demanding targets, such as protein-protein interactions, it is required to enrich current fragment libraries with new and original 3D privileged fragments. Our goal was to develop a rapid microwave-assisted synthesis of 27 new privileged spirohydantoin fragments. Among them 24 compounds showed a high water solubility. These molecules were plotted according to the normalized principal moments of inertia of their minimized conformers, and most of the compounds were prone to occupy under-populated regions of the triangular plot. Finally we demonstrated that the hydantoin ring can be selectively N-monoalkylated providing the access to rapid functionalization for further elaboration.
- Prevet, Hugues,Flipo, Marion,Roussel, Pascal,Deprez, Benoit,Willand, Nicolas
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supporting information
p. 2888 - 2894
(2016/06/14)
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- Synthesis and Anticonvulsant Activity of Substituted-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-4-ones
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A series of novel spiroimidazolidinone derivatives 6a-d and 8a-x were synthesized and biologically evaluated for their anticonvulsant activity in the maximal electroshock seizure (MES) assay and the subcutaneous pentylenetetrazole (scPTZ) screening test. Compound 8w was the most active derivative in the scPTZ screening test with an ED50 value by about 5- and 83.6-fold lower than those of phenobarbital and ethosuximide as reference drugs, respectively. Most of the tested compounds exhibited moderate to weak activity in the MES screen test, except for 8a which displayed 100% protection at 0.09 mmol/kg. Moreover, all the test compounds did not show any minimal motor impairment in the neurotoxicity test.
- Aboul-Enein, Mohamed Nabil,El-Azzouny, Aida Abdel Sattar,Saleh, Ola Ahmed,Amin, Kamilia Mahmoud,Maklad, Yousreya Ali,Hassan, Rasha Mohamed
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p. 575 - 588
(2015/08/11)
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- A one-pot synthesis of 5,5-disubstituted hydantoin derivatives using magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles as a reusable heterogeneous catalyst
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A facile and rapid method for the one-pot synthesis of 5,5-disubstituted hydantoins in the presence of magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles has been developed. The multicomponent reactions of carbonyl compounds (aldehydes and ketones), potassium cyanide and ammonium carbonate were carried out under solvent-free conditions to obtain various hydantoin derivatives. The magnetic catalyst could be readily separated by an external magnet from the reaction mixture. This procedure has many advantages, such as the use of a reusable magnetic catalyst, high yields, short reaction times, simplicity and very easiness with implementing the methodology.
- Safari, Javad,Javadian, Leila
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p. 1165 - 1171
(2013/12/04)
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- Microwave-promoted facile and rapid synthesis procedure for the efficient synthesis of 5,5-disubstituted hydantoins
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A fast, general, environmentally friendly, and facile method for preparation of 5, 5-disubstituted hydantoins from the reaction between ketone (or aldehyde) derivatives with KCN and ammonium carbonate under microwave irradiation is presented. The microwaves remarkably accelerated this reaction, the reaction times decreased dramatically, the reaction conditions were milder, and the yields were also greater. Also a comparative study of microwave versus classical conditions has been done. All the products were characterized by infrared, NMR, and CHN analysis, and their melting points are identical to those of the known compounds reported in the literature. This method might be useful in the future for the preparation of similar derivatives. Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
- Safari, Javad,Gandomi-Ravandi, Soheila,Javadian, Leila
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supporting information
p. 3115 - 3120
(2014/01/06)
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- AMIDOALKYLPIPERAZINYL DERIVATIVES FOR THE TREATMENT OF CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES
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The invention relates to novel amidoalkylpiperazinyl derivatives of tricyclic heterocyclic systems of general formula (I), wherein Z represents -NH- and X represents -S-, or Z represents -S- and X represents >C=C1 represents H or -CH3, R6 and R7 both represent H, n is an integer from 0 to 4 inclusive, G represents a cyclic amide or imide moiety, and optical isomers, geometric isomers, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. The compounds may be useful for the treatment and/or prevention of the central nervous system disorders.
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Page/Page column 29; 30
(2013/03/26)
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- Microwave-assisted synthesis of cycloalkanespirohydantoins and piperidinespirohydantoins as precursors of restricted α-amino acids
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Cycloalkanespirohydantoins 3 and piperidinespirohydantoins 4 were synthesized from cycloalkanones 9 and piperidones 10 under microwave-assisted conditions. Results are compared with those obtained under thermal conditions. Cycloalkanespirohydantoins 3 were N-protected with Boc group and hydrolyzed under basic conditions to obtain five, six and seven-membered ring restricted α-amino acids 12 in very good overall yields (76-94%). ARKAT USA, Inc.
- Rivero, Ignacio A.,Reynoso-Soto, Edgar A.,Ochoa-Teran, Adrian
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experimental part
p. 260 - 271
(2011/05/13)
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- New polyamides based on 1,3-bis(4-carboxy phenoxy) propane and hydantoin derivatives: Synthesis and properties
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Six new polyamides 5a-f containing flexible trimethylene segments in the main chain were synthesized through the direct polycondensation reaction of 1,3-bis(4-carboxy phenoxy) propane 3 with six derivatives of hydantoins 4a-f in a medium consisting of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, triphenyl phosphite, calcium chloride and pyridine. The polycondensation reaction produced a series of novel polyamides in high yield with inherent viscosities between 0.30-0.47 dL/g. The resulted polymers were fully characterized by means of FT-IR, 1H-NMR spectroscopy, elemental analyses, inherent viscosity, solubility tests and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). Thermal properties of these polymers were investigated by using thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential thermal gravimetry (DTG). The glass-transition temperatures of these polyamides were recorded between 130 and 155 °C by differential scanning catorimetry (DSC), and the 5% weight loss temperatures were ranging from 325 to 415 °C under nitrogen. 1,3-bis(4-Carboxy phenoxy) propane 3 was prepared from the reaction of 4-hydroxy benzoic acid 1 with 1,3-dibromo propane 2 in the presence of NaOH solution.
- Faghihi, Khalil,Valikhani, Nasim
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experimental part
p. 77 - 83
(2010/12/19)
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- Synthesis and characterization of novel cycloalkanespiro-5-hydantoin phosphonic acids
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A series of new cycloalkanespiro-5-hydantoin phosphonic acids have been synthesized and characterized. The mixture of [(2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazaspiro-alkane- 3-yl)-methyl]phosphonic acids and [(2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazaspiro-alkane-1,3-diyl) dimethyl]diphospho-nic acids was obtained from cycloalkanespiro-5-hydantoins, formaldehyde, and phosphorus trichloride in a molar ratio of 1:2:2, by a procedure modified by us. Their structures were proved by means of IR, 1H, 13C{1H} and 31P NMR spectroscopy. Copyright Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
- Naydenova, Emilia D.,Todorov, Petar T.,Troev, Kolio D.
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experimental part
p. 1315 - 1320
(2010/09/06)
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- Novel N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine derivatives: Design, characterization and biological activity
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A series of Cα,α-disubstituted cyclic derivatives of N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine have been synthesized and characterized. They exhibited moderate clastogenicity, low antiproliferative activity on mice bone marrow cells and well expressed cytotoxicity against human tumor cell lines. The 8- and 12-membered cyclic analogs proved superior to the remaining compounds and were found to trigger apoptotic cell death in DOHH-2 cells. The latter compound caused 50% inhibition of the viability of hemobastose-derived cell lines at concentrations ranging from 20 to 67 μM.
- Naydenova, Emilia D.,Todorov, Petar T.,Topashka-Ancheva, Margarita N.,Momekov, Georgi Ts.,Yordanova, Tsvetelina Z.,Konstantinov, Spiro M.,Troev, Kolio D.
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p. 1199 - 1205
(2008/09/20)
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- Aminoderivatives of cycloalkanespirohydantoins: Synthesis and biological activity
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3-Aminocycloalkanespiro-5-hydantoins were synthesized and their biological activity was studied. In contrast to hydantoins, these compounds failed to induce either anticonvulsive effects in the central nervous system or inhibitory effects on cholinergic contractions in the enteric nervous system. However, they exerted well pronounced, atropinsensitive, contractile effects on the guinea-pig ileum longitudinal muscle preparations. Structure-activity relationships established allow the assumption that: (i) the reduction of the ring size in the molecule of the spirohydantoins leads to an increase in the potency of the respective analogue to induce contractile effect; (ii) the introduction of -NH2 in position 3 increases the ability of all the compounds studied to exert contractions; (iii) the enlargement of the ring leads to: (1) an increase of the degree of desensitization of the preparations; and (2) a decrease (except 1a) of the potency of the analogues to exert contractile effects.
- Naydenova, Emilia,Pencheva, Nevena,Popova, Julita,Stoyanov, Neyko,Lazarova, Maria,Aleksiev, Boris
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p. 189 - 194
(2007/10/03)
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- Synthesis, selective aldose reductase inhibitory profile and antihyperglycaemic potential of certain parabanic acid derivatives
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Synthesis and aldose reductase inhibitory profile of certain parabanic acid derivatives 1a-p is described. Also, the antihyperglycaemic potential of these compounds was studied. The most active inhibitors in this series were compounds 1 g, 1p, and 1o which showed inhibitory activity, 36.6, 90 and 91% respectively, at concentration 1 × 10-4. Their IC50 were 2 × 10-6, 7.5 × 10-8 and 5 × 10-8, respectively. Compound 1o exhibited pronounced antihyperglycaemic effect.
- Nabil Aboul-Enein,El-Azzounya,Maklad,Attia,Wiese
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p. 329 - 350
(2007/10/03)
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- Synthesis and tumorinhibiting activity of lanthanum(III) complexes with some 1-aminocycloalkancarboxylic acids
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Complexes of La(III) with 1-aminocyclopentane-, -hexane, -heptane and -4-ethylcyclohexanecarboxylic acids were obtained. The compounds were characterized by elemental analyses, IR spectroscopy and conductivity measurements. The following general formula was derived: LaL3Cl3·5 H2O, where L is the corresponding 1-aminocycloalkanecarboxylic acid. The pharmacological studies showed that all complexes manifested higher cytostatic and cytotoxic effects in comparison with lanthanum chloride. Much higher cytotoxic (anti-P388/D1) and cytostatic (anti-L-1210 and antimelanoma-B16) activity was found for the lanthanum complex with 1-aminocyclopentanecarboxylic acid.
- Kovachev,Ivanov,Buyukliev,Konstantinov,Karaivanova
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- Spiro hydantoin aldose reductase inhibitors
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Sorbitol formation from glucose, catalyzed by the enzyme aldose reductase, is believed to play a role in the development of certain chronic complications of diabetes mellitus. Spiro hydantoin derived from five- and six-membered ketones fused to an aromatic ring or ring system inhibit aldose reductase isolated from calf lens. In vivo these compounds are potent inhibitors of sorbitol formation in sciatic nerves of streptozotocinized rats. Optimum in vivo activity is reached in spiro hydantoins derived from 6-halogenated 2,3-dihydro-4H-1-benzopyran-4-ones (4-chromanones). In 2,4-dihydro-6-fluorospirol[4H-1-benzopyran-4,4'-imidazolidine]-2',5'- ione, the activity resides exclusively in the 4S isomer, compound 115 (CP-45,634, USAN: sorbinil). This compound is currently being used to test, in humans, the value of aldose reductase inhibitors in the therapy of diabetic complications.
- Sarges,Schnur,Belletire,Peterson
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p. 230 - 243
(2007/10/02)
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- SYNTHESIS AND STRUCTURAL STUDY OF N(3)-DIBENZYLAMINOMETHYL-4-HYDROXY-CYCLOALKANE-5-SPIRO-2-IMIDAZOLIDINONE
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N(3)-dibenzylaminomethyl-4-hydroxy-cycloalkane-5-spiro-2-imidazolidinone has been synthesized and its crystal and molecular structures determined by X-ray diffraction, IR and 1H NMR methods.
- Salazar, L.,Espada, M.,Pedregal, C.,Florencio, F.,Blanco, S. Garcia
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p. 321 - 332
(2007/10/02)
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- Utilisation des plans factoriels fractionnaires pour l'etude de la reaction de Bucherer-Bergs: synthese de la cyclohexane spirohydantoine
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The only sixteen experiments of a fractional factorial design have been necessary to study the influence on the yield of cyclohexanospirohydantoin of the seven following factors: flask volume,cyanide and ammonium carbonate concentrations, quantities of water and ethanol, temperature and reaction time.The experimental strategy and results are compared with a recently published Simplex optimization, showing a better knowledge of the reaction after using a factorial design.
- Pedregal, Carmen,Trigo, Gregorio G.,Espada, Modesta,Mathieu, Didier,Phan Tan Luu, Roger,et all
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p. 1527 - 1531
(2007/10/02)
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- Peptide Sweeteners. 6. Structural Studies on the C-Terminal Amino Acid of L-Aspartyl Dipeptide Sweeteners
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Stereochemical and structural aspects of the variations in the C-terminal residue of L-aspartyl-L-phenylalanine methyl ester have been investigated.Novel configurational analogues such as L-aspartyl-D-alanine benzyl ester and L-aspartyl-D-α-aminobutyric acid benzyl ester were found to be sweet.In addition, chiral and achiral α,α-dialkylglycine and α-aminocycloalkanecarboxylic acids were incorporated into the dipeptides.The L-aspartic acid based dipeptide derivatives of α-aminoisobutyric acid methyl ester, α-aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acid methyl ester, α-aminocyclobutanecarboxylic acid methyl ester, and α-aminocyclopentanecarboxylic acid methyl ester are sweet.Dipeptides with α-aminocyclohexanecarboxylic acid methyl ester and α-aminocycloheptanecarboxylic acid methyl ester are bitter, whereas the analogues with α-aminocyclooctanecarboxylic acid methyl ester, α,α-diethylglycine methyl ester, and α-aminoisobutyric acid benzyl ester are tasteless.Aspects on chirality and effective volume of the C-terminal residue are discussed and correlated with taste.
- Tsang, Joseph W.,Schmied, Bernhard,Nyfeler, Rolf,Goodman, Murray
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p. 1663 - 1668
(2007/10/02)
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- Reactions of Guanidine and Urea with Aminonitriles
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The aminonitriles 3a-f react with guanidine in DMF to yield the 5,5- resp. 5-substituted imidazolidine-2,4-diimines 2a-d resp. 2f, whereas 2e could not be isolated. 7,14-diazadispiro-pentadecan-15-on (7), 4-imino-1,3-diazaspirodecan-2-one (8a) and the 2,4-diaminotriazine (9) were isolated as byproducts. 1-Aminocyclohexancarbonitrile (3a) reacts with urea to the 4-imino-1,3-diazaspirodecan-2-one (8a); 8a can be prepared from (1-cyancyclohexyl)urea (11a) as well.The structures of the new compounds are proved by NMR-, IR- and mass spectra and the mechanism of the reaction is discussed. - Keywords: Aminonitriles, reaction with guanidine resp. urea; 1,3-Diazaspirodecan-2-one, 4-imino; 1,3-Diazaspirononan-resp. decan-2,4-diimimne; Guanidine, reactions with aminonitriles; Imidazolidin-2,4-diimines, 5-substituted; Urea, reactions with aminonitriles
- Wendelin, Winfried,Kern, Wolfgang,Zmoelnig, Ilse,Schramm, Hans-Wolfgang
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p. 1091 - 1098
(2007/10/02)
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- 1,3-Diaminomethyl-hydantoin additives for lubricating oils
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Lubricating oil compositions, comprising as additive, from 0.001 to 10% by weight, based on the weight of the total composition, of a 1- or 3-aminomethyl-hydantoin or a 1,3-diaminomethyl-hydantoin.
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