10051-44-2Relevant articles and documents
Fatty acid ionic liquids as environmentally friendly lubricants for low friction and wear
Gusain, Rashi,Khatri, Om P.
, p. 3462 - 3469 (2016)
Vegetable oils are environmentally-friendly, sustainable and rich source of fatty acids, and have been used as lubricants since ancient times. The carboxylic group of fatty acids interacts with metal surface and forms the tribo-chemical thin film of low shear strength under the boundary lubrication, which reduces the friction and the wear. Herein, four fatty acids having variable chain length and unsaturated sites are selected as anionic precursors to prepare the tetrabutylammonium-fatty acid ionic liquids. The preparation of these ionic liquids is confirmed by FTIR and NMR (1H and 13C) analyses. The chain length and degree of unsaturation in the fatty acid anions control the viscosity, melting temperature, crystallization temperature and latent heat of fatty acid ionic liquids. These ionic liquids as lubricants exhibited significantly lower friction (18-50%) compared to polyol ester lube base oil. Further, the degree of friction reduction is largely influenced by the structure of the constituent fatty acid anion. The oleate anion showed the best tribo-performance among all fatty acid ionic liquids being studied. The elemental mapping of worn surfaces revealed the formation of fatty acid ionic liquids constituted a tribo-chemical thin film. Being halogen-free and abundantly available sources of fatty acid precursors, these ionic liquids promise immense potential for tribological applications, where the friction and environment are of prime importance.
A green and sustainable phosphine-free NHC-ruthenium catalyst for selective oxidation of alcohols to carboxylic acids in water
Malineni, Jagadeesh,Keul, Helmut,M?ller, Martin
supporting information, p. 17409 - 17414 (2015/10/12)
In this work, we present a new catalytic system for the selective dehydrogenative oxidation of primary alcohols to carboxylic acids using a phosphine-free NHC-ruthenium catalyst in water under mild reaction conditions. With this catalytic system, a variety of primary alcohols have been converted to carboxylic acids respectively, in aqueous media, without using any additional oxidant; the only side product in this reaction is molecular hydrogen. This novel synthetic protocol is applied for direct oxidation of biologically active monosaccharides and polymers with primary alcohol groups in the side chain. The use of water as a solvent and oxygen donor as well as the absence of any toxic oxidizing agent make this atom economical reaction interesting from an environmental point of view.
PREPARATION OF METAL SALTS OF MEDIUM-CHAIN FATTY ACIDS
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Page/Page column 5, (2008/06/13)
A process for the preparation of metal salts of a medium-chain length monocarboxylic fatty acid comprises reacting the precursor free fatty acid, dissolved in a suitable solvent, with the appropriate metal salt. The process uses a relatively high concentration of free fatty acid as a soluble reactant and produces metal fatty acid salts at high purity and high yield at a reasonable cost.