121061-98-1Relevant articles and documents
Preparation methods of 1H-indazol-3-carboxylic acid derivative, granisetron and lonidamine
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, (2021/05/12)
The invention relates to preparation methods of a 1H-indazol-3-carboxylic acid derivative, granisetron and lonidamine. The 1H-indazol-3-carboxylic acid derivative is a compound with a structure shown in a formula (1) and a formula (2), and is mainly structurally characterized by having a 1H-indazol-3-carboxylic acid amide skeleton and a 1H-indazol-3-carboxylic ester skeleton. The 1H-indazol-3-carboxylic acid derivative can be synthesized by taking simple o-aminophenylacetic acid amide or o-aminophenylacetic acid ester as an initial raw material. The 1H-indazol-3-carboxylic acid derivative is a key intermediate for synthesizing a plurality of medicines, such as granisetron, lonidamine and the like. The synthesis method of the 1H-indazol-3-carboxylic acid derivative and the drug molecules glassetron and lonidamine is simple, the reaction condition is mild, the reaction speed is high, the yield is high, and purification is easy.
All Non-Carbon B3NO2 Exotic Heterocycles: Synthesis, Dynamics, and Catalysis
Opie, Christopher R.,Noda, Hidetoshi,Shibasaki, Masakatsu,Kumagai, Naoya
supporting information, p. 4648 - 4653 (2019/03/17)
The B3NO2 six-membered heterocycle (1,3-dioxa-5-aza-2,4,6-triborinane=DATB), comprising three different non-carbon period 2 elements, has been recently demonstrated to be a powerful catalyst for dehydrative condensation of carboxylic acids and amines. The tedious synthesis of DATB, however, has significantly diminished its utility as a catalyst, and thus the inherent chemical properties of the ring system have remained virtually unexplored. Here, a general and facile synthetic strategy that harnesses a pyrimidine-containing scaffold for the reliable installation of boron atoms is disclosed, giving rise to a series of Pym-DATBs from inexpensive materials in a modular fashion. The identification of a soluble Pym-DATB derivative allowed for the investigation of the dynamic nature of the B3NO2 ring system, revealing differential ring-closing and -opening behaviors depending on the medium. Readily accessible Pym-DATBs proved their utility as efficient catalysts for dehydrative amidation with broad substrate scope and functional-group tolerance, offering a general and practical catalytic alternative to reagent-driven amidation.
Catalytic direct amidations in: Tert -butyl acetate using B(OCH2CF3)3
Coomber, Charlotte E.,Laserna, Victor,Martin, Liam T.,Smith, Peter D.,Hailes, Helen C.,Porter, Michael J.,Sheppard, Tom D.
supporting information, p. 6465 - 6469 (2019/07/09)
Catalytic direct amidation reactions have been the focus of considerable recent research effort, due to the widespread use of amide formation processes in pharmaceutical synthesis. However, the vast majority of catalytic amidations are performed in non-polar solvents (aromatic hydrocarbons, ethers) which are typically undesirable from a sustainability perspective, and are often poor at solubilising polar carboxylic acid and amine substrates. As a consequence, most catalytic amidation protocols are unsuccessful when applied to polar and/or functionalised substrates of the kind commonly used in medicinal chemistry. In this paper we report a practical and useful catalytic direct amidation reaction using tert-butyl acetate as the reaction solvent. The use of an ester solvent offers improvements in terms of safety and sustainability, but also leads to an improved reaction scope with regard to polar substrates and less nucleophilic anilines, both of which are important components of amides used in medicinal chemistry. An amidation reaction was scaled up to 100 mmol and proceeded with excellent yield and efficiency, with a measured process mass intensity of 8.
Synthesis and Pharmacological Evaluation of [11C]Granisetron and [18F]Fluoropalonosetron as PET Probes for 5-HT3 Receptor Imaging
Mu, Linjing,Müller Herde, Adrienne,Rüefli, Pascal M.,Sladojevich, Filippo,Milicevic Sephton, Selena,Kr?mer, Stefanie D.,Thompson, Andrew J.,Schibli, Roger,Ametamey, Simon M.,Lochner, Martin
, p. 1552 - 1564 (2016/11/29)
Serotonin-gated ionotropic 5-HT3 receptors are the major pharmacological targets for antiemetic compounds. Furthermore, they have become a focus for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and there is some evidence that pharmacological modulation of 5-HT3 receptors might alleviate symptoms of other neurological disorders. Highly selective, high-affinity antagonists, such as granisetron (Kytril) and palonosetron (Aloxi), belong to a family of drugs (the "setrons") that are well established for clinical use. To enable us to better understand the actions of these drugs in vivo, we report the synthesis of 8-fluoropalonosetron (15) that has a binding affinity (Ki = 0.26 ± 0.05 nM) similar to the parent drug (Ki = 0.21 ± 0.03 nM). We radiolabeled 15 by nucleophilic 18F-fluorination of an unsymmetrical diaryliodonium palonosetron precursor and achieved the radiosynthesis of 1-(methyl-11C)-N-granisetron ([11C]2) through N-alkylation with [11C]CH3I, respectively. Both compounds [18F]15 (chemical and radiochemical purity >95%, specific activity 41 GBq/μmol) and [11C]2 (chemical and radiochemical purity ≥99%, specific activity 170 GBq/μmol) were evaluated for their utility as positron emission tomography (PET) probes. Using mouse and rat brain slices, in vitro autoradiography with both [18F]15 and [11C]2 revealed a heterogeneous and displaceable binding in cortical and hippocampal regions that are known to express 5-HT3 receptors at significant levels. Subsequent PET experiments suggested that [18F]15 and [11C]2 are of limited utility for the PET imaging of brain 5-HT3 receptors in vivo.
CRYSTALLINE GRANISETRON BASE AND PRODUCTION PROCESS THEREFOR
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Page/Page column 3, (2008/12/07)
Provided is crystalline granisetron base form I and processes for producing crystalline granisetron base form I, which is suitable for preparing, e.g., granisetron salts such as, e.g., the hydrochloride salt. Also provided is a process for producing a salt of granisetron from crystalline granisetron base form I.
PROCESS FOR HIGHLY PURE CRYSTALLINE GRANISETRON BASE
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Page/Page column 8-9; 11, (2008/06/13)
The present invention discloses an improved, commercial process for the preparation of high purity (>99.9%) crystalline base of granisetron (1-methyl-N-[(3-endo)-9-methyl-9-azabicyclo[3.3.1]non-3-yl]-1H-indazole-3-carboxamide), having the formula (1), and its use in the process for the manufacture of pharmaceutically acceptable hydrochloride salt.
AN IMPROVED PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF GRANISETRON HYDROCHLORIDE
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Page/Page column 7, (2008/06/13)
The present invention relates to an improved process for the preparation of Granisetron hydrochloride of formula (I). More particularly this invention relates to the preparation of Granisetron hydrochloride using methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) as a single solvent in presence of an organic base such as triethylamine.
Process for preparing 1-methylindazole-3-carboxylic acid
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Page 9, (2010/02/09)
A method of performing a bearer path assurance test across a packet-based IP network is provided. The method includes establishing a bearer path across the IP network and performing a bearer path assurance test during call setup before cutting through the call. The method can also include creating a timestamp at the originating office, sending the timestamp from the originating office to a terminating office, sending the timestamp from the terminating office to the originating office, receiving the timestamp at the originating office, and verifying the continuity of the bearer path. The method can also include evaluating round trip delay and packet loss using one or more timestamps.
Process for the preparation of granisetron
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, (2008/06/13)
A process for preparing granisetron by cyclising a compound of structure (2).
