15561-46-3Relevant articles and documents
Practical Chemoselective Acylation: Organocatalytic Chemodivergent Esterification and Amidation of Amino Alcohols with N-Carbonylimidazoles
Nelson, Hope,Richard, William,Brown, Hailee,Medlin, Abigail,Light, Christina,Heller, Stephen T.
supporting information, p. 22818 - 22825 (2021/09/13)
Chemoselective transformations are a cornerstone of efficient organic synthesis; however, achieving this goal for even simple transformations, such as acylation reactions, is often a challenge. We report that N-carbonylimidazoles enable catalytic chemodivergent aniline or alcohol acylation in the presence of pyridinium ions or 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU), respectively. Both acylation reactions display high and broad chemoselectivity for the target group. Unprecedented levels of chemoselectivity were observed in the DBU-catalyzed esterification: A single esterification product was obtained from a molecule containing primary aniline, alcohol, phenol, secondary amide, and N?H indole groups. These acylation reactions are highly practical as they involve only readily available, inexpensive, and relatively safe reagents; can be performed on a multigram scale; and can be used on carboxylic acids directly by in situ formation of the acylimidazole electrophile.
Diacylfuroxans Are Masked Nitrile Oxides That Inhibit GPX4 Covalently
Eaton, John K.,Kramm, Anneke,Ruberto, Richard A.,Schreiber, Stuart L.,Viswanathan, Vasanthi S.
supporting information, (2020/01/02)
GPX4 represents a promising yet difficult-to-drug therapeutic target for the treatment of, among others, drug-resistant cancers. Although most GPX4 inhibitors rely on a chloroacetamide moiety to modify covalently the protein's catalytic selenocysteine residue, the discovery and mechanistic elucidation of structurally diverse GPX4-inhibiting molecules have uncovered novel electrophilic warheads that bind and inhibit GPX4. Here, we report our discovery that diacylfuroxans can act as masked nitrile oxide prodrugs that inhibit GPX4 covalently with unique cellular and biochemical reactivity compared to existing classes of GPX4 inhibitors. These observations illuminate a novel molecular mechanism of action for biologically active furoxans and also expand the collection of reactive groups capable of targeting GPX4.
Preparation method of Tofogliflozin monohydrate
-
Paragraph 0016; 0017, (2017/06/19)
The invention relates to a preparation method of Tofogliflozin monohydrate. In the route, p-Hydroxybenzoic acid used as a starting material is subjected to acylation, iodination, Friedel-Crafts and reduction reaction to obtain an iodinated diphenylmethane framework; by means of the characteristic that an iodinated substance is reactive, the splicing the diphenylmethane framework and a saccharide ring is realized under mild conditions through the effect of isopropyl magnesium chloride lithium chloride; and the eleven-step total yield is 22%. The route is high in yield, favorable in selectivity, low in production cost and mild in reaction conditions, does not use flammable, explosive or high-toxicity reagent, obtains products and intermediate compounds which are easy to purify, and is suitable for industrial production.
A Scalable Synthesis of Tofogliflozin Hydrate
Yang, Xiu-Dong,Pan, Zhao-Xi,Li, Da-Jun,Wang, Guan,Liu, Min,Wu, Rong-Gui,Wu, Yan-Hua,Gao, Yong-Chen
, p. 1821 - 1827 (2016/10/31)
A newly process for the synthesis of tofogliflozin hydrate, a sodium-glucose cotransporter type 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor, was described. Three improvements were achieved, including the development of a regioselective Friedel-Crafts reaction, a high-yield reduction, and a mild metal-halogen exchange. These improvements ultimately resulted in the isolation of tofogliflozin hydrate as a white solid in >99% purity (HPLC area) and 23% overall yield after 12 steps without column chromatography.
A lewis acid-promoted pinner reaction
Pfaff, Dominik,Nemecek, Gregor,Podlech, Joachim
supporting information, p. 1572 - 1577 (2013/10/22)
Carbonitriles and alcohols react in a Lewis acid-promoted Pinner reaction to carboxylic esters. Best results are obtained with two equivalents of trimethylsilyl triflate as Lewis acid. Good yields are achieved with primary alcohols and aliphatic or benzylic carbonitriles, but the straightforward synthesis of acrylates and benzoates starting with acrylonitrile and benzonitrile, respectively, is similarly possible. Phenols are not acylated under these reaction conditions. The method has been used for the first total synthesis of the natural product monaspilosin. In the reaction of benzyl alcohols variable amounts of amides are formed in a Ritter-type side reaction.
Design and preparation of sterol mimetics as potential antiparasitics
Gigante, Federica,Kaiser, Marcel,Brun, Reto,Gilbert, Ian H.
experimental part, p. 7291 - 7301 (2010/11/18)
We have previously shown that azasterols have activity against Trypanosoma brucei, Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania species, which are the causative agents of various neglected tropical diseases. In this paper, we discuss the replacement of the sterol cor
DIARYL KETIMINE DERIVATIVE HAVING ANTAGONISM AGAINST MELANIN-CONCENTRATING HORMONE RECEPTOR
-
Page/Page column 41, (2010/12/31)
[Problems] To provide an antagonist of a melanin-concentrating hormone receptor, which is useful as a medicine for a central nervous system disease, a cardiovascular disease or a metabolic disease. [Means for Solving Problems] The antagonist comprises, as an active ingredient, a compound represented by the formula (I) wherein R1a and R1b independently represent a hydrogen atom or a C1-6 alkyl group; R2a, R2b, R3a and R3b independently represent a hydrogen atom, a C1-6 alkyl group, or the like; Y represents H or —OH; Z represents —OR8, or the like; R8 represents a hydrogen atom, a C1-6 alkyl group which may have a substituent, or the like; R9a and R9b independently represent a hydrogen atom, a C1-6 alkyl group, or the like; Ar1 represents an aromatic carbon ring group, or an aromatic heteroring group; Ar2 represents a group produced by removing two hydrogen atoms from an aromatic carbon ring, or the like; and the ring group A represents an unsaturated heteroring group.
DIARYL KETIMINE DERIVATIVE
-
Page/Page column 52, (2009/07/17)
Provided is a compound of a formula (I): [wherein R1a and R1b are the same or different, representing a hydrogen atom, etc.; R2a and R2b are the same or different, representing a hydrogen atom, etc., or R2a and R2b, taken together, form -CH2CH2-, R3a and R3b are the same or different, representing a hydrogen atom, etc.; or R3a and R3b, taken together, form - CH2CH2-etc.; Y1 and Y2 represent -C(R)2-, etc.; Z represents OR, NR2, etc.; R represents a hydrogen atom, a C1-6 alkyl group, etc.; Ar1 represents a 6-membered aromatic carbocyclic group, etc.; Ar2 represents a 6-membered aromatic carbocyclic group, etc; A3 represents a 6-membered aromatic carbocyclic group etc.]. The compound is useful as a medicine for central disorders, cardiovascular disorders, metabolic disorders.
A New Strategy for the Preparation of Terephthalic Acid by the Aerobic Oxidation of p-Xylene Using N-Hydroxyphthalimide as a Catalyst
Tashiro, Yasutaka,Iwahama, Takahiro,Sakaguchi, Satoshi,Ishii, Yasutaka
, p. 220 - 225 (2007/10/03)
A new methodology for the production of terephthalic acid (5) by the aerobic oxidation of p-xylene (1) using a combined catalytic system of N-hydroxyphthalimide (NHPI)/Co(OAc)2/Mn(OAc)2 was developed. The oxidation of 1 under a dioxygen atmosphere in the presence of a catalytic amount of NHPI/Co(OAc)2/Mn(OAc)2 at 100°C for 14 h afforded terephthalic acid in 82percent yield. Removal of Mn(OAc)2 from the catalytic system resulted in considerable reduction in the yield of 3. When the oxidation of 1 was carried out under a pressure of air (30 atm) at 150°C, the reaction was completed within 3 h to give 3 in 84percent yield. The oxidation of p-toluic acid (2), which can be prepared by the oxidation of 1 using the NHPI/Co(OAc)2 system at room temperature, by the NHPI/Co(OAc)2/Mn(OAc)2 system under pressure of air (30 aim) at 150°C gave 3 in 95percent yield. N-Acetoxyphthalimide (NAPI) was found to require a lower catalyst loading than NHPI, but oxidation with NAPI was slower. Thus, the oxidation of 1 catalyzed by NAPI (5 mol percent)/Co(OAc)2 (0.5 mol percent)/Mn(OAc)2 (0.5 mol percent) under a dioxygen atmosphere (1 atm) in acetic acid at 100°C gave 3 in 80percent yield.
The Liquid-phase Oxidation of the Methylbenzenes by the Cobalt-Copper-Bromide System
Okada, Toshihiko,Kamiya, Yoshio
, p. 2724 - 2727 (2007/10/02)
The liquid-phase oxidation of the methylbenzenes catalyzed by a catalyst system composed of cobalt(II) and copper(II) acetates and sodium bromide was carried out in the acetic acid at 150 deg C.The corresponding benzyl acetates and benzaldehydes were obtained in high selectivities in most cases.A nuclear-brominated product, i.e., 3-bromo-4-methoxytoluene was also obtained in the oxidation of p-methoxytoluene, wich has two different reaction sites, i.e., o-positions to the electron-donating methoxyl substituent and the benzyl position.However, the substitution of the bromide ion for the acetate ion in the catalyst system gave satisfactory selectivities for the side-chain oxidation products.In the p-xylene oxidation, α,α'-diacetoxy-p-xylene and p-(acetoxymethyl)benzoic acid were also obtained, as well as p-methylbenzyl acetate, though their amounts were small.The oxidation of polymethylbenzenes was also carried out.
