15569-85-4

Basic information

• Product Name: rac Cotinine
• Synonyms: rac Cotinine;2-Pyrrolidinone, 1-methyl-5-(3-pyridinyl)-
• CAS NO: 15569-85-4
• Molecular Formula: C₁₀H₁₂N₂O
• Molecular Weight: 176.21508
• EINECS: 207-634-9
• Product Categories: Metabolites & Impurities;Nicotine Derivatives;Heterocycles;Mutagenesis Research Chemicals;Heterocycles, Metabolites & Impurities, Nicotine Derivatives, Mutagenesis Research Chemicals
• Mol File: 15569-85-4.mol

Chemical Properties

• Melting Point: 48-50°C
• Boiling Point: 316°C at 760 mmHg
• Flash Point: 166.7°C
• Appearance: /
• Density: 1.146g/cm³
• Vapor Pressure: 0.000421mmHg at 25°C
• Refractive Index: 1.555
• Storage Temp.: Hygroscopic, -20°C Freezer, Under Inert Atmosphere
• Solubility: Chloroform (Slightly) , Dichloromethane (Slightly), Ethanol (Slightly), Methanol
• PKA: 4.72±0.12(Predicted)
• Stability: Temperature Sensitive and Hygroscopic
• CAS DataBase Reference: rac Cotinine(CAS DataBase Reference)
• NIST Chemistry Reference: rac Cotinine(15569-85-4)
• EPA Substance Registry System: rac Cotinine(15569-85-4)

Safety Data

• Hazardous Substances Data: 15569-85-4(Hazardous Substances Data)

Usage

Uses

Used in Pharmaceutical Industry:
rac Cotinine is used as a biomarker for [application reason] assessing nicotine exposure in individuals. Its presence in biological samples, such as blood, urine, or saliva, helps determine the level of exposure to tobacco smoke or nicotine replacement therapies.
Used in Toxicology and Public Health Research:
In the field of toxicology and public health, rac Cotinine is used as a research tool for [application reason] studying the effects of nicotine and tobacco smoke on human health. It aids in understanding the mechanisms of addiction and the potential health risks associated with nicotine use.
Used in Environmental Monitoring:
rac Cotinine is also used as an indicator in [application reason] environmental monitoring to assess the presence of secondhand smoke or nicotine contamination in various settings, such as indoor spaces or public areas.
Used in Forensic Science:
In forensic science, rac Cotinine is utilized as an analytical marker for [application reason] determining whether an individual has been exposed to nicotine, which can be crucial in cases involving tobacco-related poisoning or substance abuse investigations.

InChI:InChI=1/C10H12N2O/c1-12-9(4-5-10(12)13)8-3-2-6-11-7-8/h2-3,6-7,9H,4-5H2,1H3

Upstream product

• 54-11-5 nicotin 
• 142609-31-2 N-methyl-2,2-bis(phenylsulfanyl)-N-<1-(3-pyridyl)vinyl>acetamide 
• 22083-74-5 3-(1-methyl-pyrrolidin-2-yl)-pyridine 
• 73130-52-6 ethyl N-methyl-N-<4-chloro-4-(3-pyridyl)butnyl>carbamate 
• 350-03-8 methyl-3-pyridylketone 
• 16273-57-7 methyl-(1-pyridin-3-yl-ethylidene)-amine 
• 164736-46-3 N-methyl-2,2-dichloro-N-<1-(3-pyridyl)vinyl>acetamide 
• 626-55-1 3-Bromopyridine 
• 872-50-4 1-methyl-pyrrolidin-2-one 
• 20971-79-3 5‐(3‐pyridyl)tetrahydrofuran‐2‐one 
• 593-51-1 methylamine hydrochloride 
• 2840-20-2 monomethylammonium p-toluenesulfonate 
• 14965-49-2 methylamine hydroiodide 
• 614-18-6 3-pyridinecarboxylic acid ethyl ester 

Downstream Products

• 74804-94-7 (4-Chloro-phenyl)-[1-methyl-5-pyridin-3-yl-pyrrolidin-(2E)-ylidene]-amine 
• 74804-95-8 [1-Methyl-5-pyridin-3-yl-pyrrolidin-(2E)-ylidene]-(4-nitro-phenyl)-amine 
• 74804-93-6 [1-Methyl-5-pyridin-3-yl-pyrrolidin-(2E)-ylidene]-phenyl-amine 
• 74212-60-5 3-(1-methyl-5-oxopyrrolidin-2-yl)-(1-phenacyl)pyridinium bromide 
• 74804-96-9 N'-[1-Methyl-5-pyridin-3-yl-pyrrolidin-(2Z)-ylidene]-N,N-diphenyl-hydrazine 
• 61192-50-5 5-hydroxy-1-methyl-5-(3-pyridyl)-2-pyrrolidinone 
• 34834-67-8 trans-3'-hydroxycotinine 
• 74805-00-8 4'-Methylnicotine 
• 22083-74-5 3-(1-methyl-pyrrolidin-2-yl)-pyridine 
• 486-56-6 cotinine 
• 32162-64-4 (S)-(-)-1-methyl-5-(3-pyridyl)-2-pyrrolidinone 
• 74212-61-6 dimethyl 3-benzoyl-6-(1-methyl-5-oxopyrrolidin-2-yl)indolizine-1,2-dicarboxylate 

Relevant articles and documents

Thioanalogues of N-1-methylanabasine and nicotine - Synthesis and structure

The synthesis, spectral characteristics and structures of N-1-methyl-6-(pyridin-3-yl)piperidine-2-thione (1) (thioanalogue of N-1-methylanabasine) and N-1-methyl-(5-pyridin-3-yl)pyrrolidine-2-thione (2) (thioanalogue of nicotine) are reported. Both compounds were obtained using Lawesson's reagent. The structures of compounds 1 and 2 are confirmed by NMR, IR, UV and mass spectroscopy, as well as, by X-ray diffraction analysis. Pyridine ring of compound 1 adopts a pseudo-axial orientation in solution, as well as in a solid state. A substantial lengthening of the C=S bond in the crystals of 1 is interpreted as a sign of an enhanced electron delocalization within the thiolactam group due to the presence of several C-H groups in the nearest vicinity of the sulfur atom. In the crystals of 2, which differ from 1 in that the relatively puckered piperidine-2-thione moiety is replaced by the flat pyrrolidine-2-thione ring, no short CH?S(=C) contacts are observed. Instead, the packing is governed by stacking interactions between pyridine rings. The pyrrolidine and pyridine rings in 2 are nearly perpendicular to each other and the pyrrolidine moiety adopts a flattened half-chair conformation.

Preparation method of artificially synthesized nicotine

The invention discloses a preparation method of artificially synthesized nicotine, and belongs to the technical field of chemical synthesis. According to the synthesis method of a racemate (+/-)-(R,S)-nicotine and a natural optical active enantiomer (-)-(S)-nicotine, nicotinate and diester of succinic acid (or N-alkyl succinimide) are taken as the primary raw materials; and defects of a conventional nicotine synthesis technology such as difficulty for massive production, high cost, and the like, are overcome. Specifically, the provided synthesis method has the advantages that the primary raw materials are easily available, the preparation technology is simple, the cost is low, the prepared nicotine does not contain any other harmful tobacco compound, and the preparation method is suitable for industrial large-scale production.

PHOTOCATALYST SYSTEM AND USE THEREOF IN A PHOTOCATALYTIC PROCESS

Photocatalyst system and use thereof in a photochemical process The invention relates to a photocatalyst system comprising, in the absence of a further photosensitizer other than the compound of formula (III) or a mixture thereof: (i) a nickel(II) salt, (

Sp3 C-H Arylation and Alkylation Enabled by the Synergy of Triplet Excited Ketones and Nickel Catalysts

Triplet ketone sensitizers are of central importance within the realm of photochemical transformations. Although the radical-type character of triplet excited states of diaryl ketones suggests the viability for triggering hydrogen-atom transfer (HAT) and single-electron transfer (SET) processes, among others, their use as multifaceted catalysts in C-C bond-formation via sp3 C-H functionalization of alkane feedstocks still remains rather unexplored. Herein, we unlock a modular photochemical platform for forging C(sp3)-C(sp2) and C(sp3)-C(sp3) linkages from abundant alkane sp3 C-H bonds as functional handles using the synergy between nickel catalysts and simple, cheap and modular diaryl ketones. This method is distinguished by its wide scope that is obtained from cheap catalysts and starting precursors, thus complementing existing inner-sphere C-H functionalization protocols or recent photoredox scenarios based on iridium polypyridyl complexes. Additionally, such a platform provides a new strategy for streamlining the synthesis of complex molecules with high levels of predictable site-selectivity and preparative utility. Mechanistic experiments suggest that sp3 C-H abstraction occurs via HAT from the ketone triplet excited state. We believe this study will contribute to a more systematic utilization of triplet excited ketones as catalysts in metallaphotoredox scenarios.

Oil composition

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a gas oil composition for winter suitable for both diesel combustion and premixed compression ignition combustion. ?SOLUTION: The gas oil composition comprises an FT synthetic base material and has a sulfur content of not more than 5 mass ppm, an oxygen content of not more than 100 mass ppm, a bulk modulus of 1,250 to 1,450 MPa, a Saybolt color of not less than +22, a lubrication ability of not more than 400 μm, an initial boiling point of not lower than 140°C, an end point of not higher than 360°C, such characteristic features that (1) the cetane number of the fraction of lower than 200°C is 20-40 and the constitution ratio of the fraction is 10-20 vol.%, (2) the cetane number of the fraction of 200°C to lower than 280°C is 30-60 and the constitution ratio of the fraction is 30-89 vol.% and (3) the cetane number of the fraction of not lower than 280°C is not more than 50 and the constitution ratio of the fraction is 1-60 vol.%, and is used in a supercharger and a diesel engine with EGR having a geometrical compression ratio of more than 16, and satisfies the JIS No.2 gas oil specifications in the quality item properties other than the sulfur content. ?COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPOandINPIT ?

Antibody-catalyzed oxidative degradation of nicotine using riboflavin

Tobacco abuse remains a major cause of death worldwide despite ample evidence linking nicotine to various disease states. Consequently, immunopharmacotherapeutic approaches for the treatment of nicotine abuse have received increasing attention. Although a number of nicotine-binding antibodies have been disclosed, no antibody catalysts exist which efficiently degrade nicotine into pharmacologically inactive substances. Herein, we report the first catalytic antibodies which can oxidatively degrade nicotine. These biocatalysts use the micronutrient riboflavin and visible light as a source of singlet oxygen for the production of reactive oxygen species. Along with various known nicotine metabolites, antibody-catalyzed nicotine oxidations produce two novel nicotine oxidation products that were also detected in control ozonation reactions of nicotine. The reaction is efficient, with multiple turnovers of catalyst observed and total consumption of nicotine attained. These results demonstrate the potential of harnessing riboflavin as an endogenous sensitizer for antibody-catalyzed oxidations and demonstrate a new approach for the development of an active vaccine for the treatment of nicotine addiction using in vivo catalytically active antibodies.

Hapten-carrier conjugates for use in drug-abuse therapy and methods for preparation of same

Hapten-carrier conjugates capable of eliciting anti-hapten antibodies in vivo are disclosed. Methods of preparing the hapten-carrier conjugates and therapeutic compositions are also disclosed. Where the hapten is a drug of abuse, a therapeutic composition containing the hapten-carrier conjugate is particularly useful in the treatment of drug addiction, more particularly, cocaine addiction. Passive immunization using antibodies raised against conjugates of the instant invention is also disclosed. The therapeutic composition is suitable for co-therapy with other conventional drugs.

Synthesis of pyrrolidin-2-ones by 5-endo-trigonal radical cyclisation of N-vinyl-2,2-bis(phenylsulfanyl)acetamides

A series of N-methyl-N-(1-substituted or 1,2-disubstituted vinyl)-2,2-bis(phenylsulfanyl)acetamides, upon treatment with tributyltin hydride in the presence of a catalytic amount of AIBN in boiling toluene, underwent smooth cyclisation in a 5-endo-trig ma

A NEW APPROACH TO 5-ARYLPYRROLIDIN-2-ONES VIA 5-ENDO-TRIG RADICAL CYCLIZATION OF α-HALO- OR α-THIO-SUBSTITUTED N-(1-ARYLETHENYL)ACETAMIDES

N-(1-Phenylethenyl)carbamoylmethyl radicals generated by tributyltin hydride-mediated cleavage of carbon-halogen or carbon-sulfur bond underwent smooth cyclization in a "disfavored" 5-endo-trig manner to give 5-phenylpyrrolidin-2-one.This method was applied to the synthesis of (+/-)-cotinine.

METABOLIC STUDIES WITH MODEL CYTOCHROME p-450 SYSTEMS

The biomimetic potential of metalloporphyrin catalysts has been studied using nicotine as the substrate.Results indicate the formation of products identical to those obtained from in vivo metabolism.