1835-11-6Relevant articles and documents
Synthesis of β-O-4-type artificial lignin polymers and their analysis by NMR spectroscopy
Kishimoto, Takao,Uraki, Yasumitsu,Ubukata, Makoto
, p. 2982 - 2987 (2008)
We describe the synthesis and NMR spectroscopic analysis of three artificial lignin polymers containing only the β-O-4 substructure: syringyl-type homopolymer, p-hydroxyphenyl-type homopolymer and guaiacyl/syringyl-type heteropolymer. Using gel permeation chromatography, the weight-average degree of polymerization (DPw) of the three polymers was determined as 19.2, 38.6, and 13.9, respectively. The polymers were prepared based on the synthetic methodology of guaiacyl-type homopolymer, and were fully characterized using 1H-, 13C-, and 1H- 13C NMR spectroscopy of the acetylated and non-acetylated forms. The spectra of guaiacyl/syringyl-type heteropolymers were in good agreement with those of the β-O-4 substructure of milled wood lignin obtained from the hardwood of Japanese white birch. The Royal Society of Chemistry.
Compositional analysis of organosolv poplar lignin by using high-performance liquid chromatography/high-resolution multi-stage tandem mass spectrometry
Zhang, Jifa,Jiang, Yuan,Easterling, Leah F.,Anstner, Anton,Li, Wanru,Alzarieni, Kawthar Z.,Dong, Xueming,Bozell, Joseph,Kentt?maa, Hilkka I.
, p. 983 - 1000 (2021)
Organosolv treatment is an efficient and environmentally friendly process to degrade lignin into small compounds. The capability of characterizing the individual compounds in the complex mixtures formed upon organosolv treatment is essential for the optimization of the further lignin conversion processes and for the rational genetic engineering of plants used to produce lignin in order to improve lignin properties. In this study, an organosolv poplar lignin sample was initially analyzed by high-resolution mass spectrometry coupled with negative-ion mode electrospray ionization ((?)ESI HRMS). Lignin monomers and dimers were found to constitute the majority of the compounds in the organosolv lignin sample. Larger lignin oligomers, such as trimers and tetramers, and some not lignin-related compounds, were also detected. A high-performance liquid chromatograph/linear quadrupole ion trap/orbitrap mass spectrometer capable of multi-stage high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry experiments (HRMSn), equipped with an (?)ESI source (HPLC/(?)ESI HRMSn), was employed to separate the unknown compounds in the organosolv mixture and to obtain structural information for the deprotonated compoundsviacollision-activated dissociation (CAD) HRMSnexperiments. To improve the understanding of the CAD behavior of deprotonated lignin-related compounds, 16 deprotonated model compounds with different functionalities and linkage types were examined. This approach enabled the assignment of likely structures for several lignin monomers, dimers, trimers, and tetramers, and some not lignin-related compounds, most likely fatty acids. Based on the proposed structures, compounds in the organosolv lignin sample contain β-O-4, 5-5, β-5, and possibly also 4-O-5 linkages. Most compounds contain G- and S-monomeric units although a small amount of H-units were also detected.
Ipomoeassin F Binds Sec61α to Inhibit Protein Translocation
Zong, Guanghui,Hu, Zhijian,O'Keefe, Sarah,Tranter, Dale,Iannotti, Michael J.,Baron, Ludivine,Hall, Belinda,Corfield, Katherine,Paatero, Anja O.,Henderson, Mark J.,Roboti, Peristera,Zhou, Jianhong,Sun, Xianwei,Govindarajan, Mugunthan,Rohde, Jason M.,Blanchard, Nicolas,Simmonds, Rachel,Inglese, James,Du, Yuchun,Demangel, Caroline,High, Stephen,Paavilainen, Ville O.,Shi, Wei Q.
, p. 8450 - 8461 (2019)
Ipomoeassin F is a potent natural cytotoxin that inhibits growth of many tumor cell lines with single-digit nanomolar potency. However, its biological and pharmacological properties have remained largely unexplored. Building upon our earlier achievements
Synthesis and evaluations of novel apocynin derivatives as anti-glioma agents
Yang, Tao,Zang, Da-Wei,Shan, Wei,Guo, An-Chen,Wu, Jian-Ping,Wang, Yong-Jun,Wang, Qun
, (2019)
Apocynin (4-hydroxy-3-methoxyacetophenone) is a natural polyphenolic compound with multiple biological activities. In the present study, a series of apocynin derivatives were designed and synthesized. The in silico ADMET prediction, blood-brain barrier (B
Chromium-Salen Complex/Nitroxyl Radical Cooperative Catalysis: A Combination for Aerobic Intramolecular Dearomative Coupling of Phenols
Nagasawa, Shota,Fujiki, Shogo,Sasano, Yusuke,Iwabuchi, Yoshiharu
, p. 6952 - 6968 (2021/05/29)
We describe an aerobic intramolecular dearomative coupling reaction of tethered phenols using a catalytic system consisting of a chromium-salen (Cr-salen) complex combined with a nitroxyl radical. This novel catalytic system enables formation of various spirocyclic dienone products including those unable to be accessed by previously reported methods efficiently under mild reaction conditions.
Thio-assisted reductive electrolytic cleavage of lignin β-O-4 models and authentic lignin
Fang, Zhen,Flynn, Michael G.,Jackson, James E.,Hegg, Eric L.
, p. 412 - 421 (2021/01/28)
Avoiding the use of expensive catalysts and harsh conditions such as elevated temperatures and high pressures is a critical goal in lignin depolymerization and valorization. In this study, we present a thio-assisted electrocatalytic reductive approach using inexpensive reticulated vitreous carbon (RVC) as the working cathode to cleave the β-O-4-type linkages in keto aryl ethers. In the presence of a pre-electrolyzed disulfide (2,2′-dithiodiethanol) and a radical inhibitor (BHT) at room temperature at a current density of 2.5 mA cm-2, cathodic reduction of nonphenolic β-O-4 dimers afforded over 90% of the corresponding monomeric C-O cleavage products in only 1.5 h. Extended to DDQ-oxidized poplar lignin, this combination of electric current and disulfide, applied over 6 h, released 36 wt% of ethyl acetate soluble fragments and 26 wt% of aqueous soluble fragments, leaving only 38 wt% of insoluble residue. These findings represent a significant improvement over the current alone values (24 wt% ethyl acetate soluble; 22 wt% aqueous soluble; 54 wt% insoluble residue) and represent an important next step in our efforts to develop a mild electrochemical method for reductive lignin deconstruction.
Iron-Catalyzed Wacker-type Oxidation of Olefins at Room Temperature with 1,3-Diketones or Neocuproine as Ligands**
Kataeva, Olga,Kn?lker, Hans-Joachim,Linke, Philipp,Puls, Florian
supporting information, p. 14083 - 14090 (2021/05/24)
Herein, we describe a convenient and general method for the oxidation of olefins to ketones using either tris(dibenzoylmethanato)iron(III) [Fe(dbm)3] or a combination of iron(II) chloride and neocuproine (2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline) as catalysts and phenylsilane (PhSiH3) as additive. All reactions proceed efficiently at room temperature using air as sole oxidant. This transformation has been applied to a variety of substrates, is operationally simple, proceeds under mild reaction conditions, and shows a high functional-group tolerance. The ketones are formed smoothly in up to 97 % yield and with 100 % regioselectivity, while the corresponding alcohols were observed as by-products. Labeling experiments showed that an incorporated hydrogen atom originates from the phenylsilane. The oxygen atom of the ketone as well as of the alcohol derives from the ambient atmosphere.
Vanadium-Catalyzed Oxidative Intramolecular Coupling of Tethered Phenols: Formation of Phenol-Dienone Products
Gilmartin, Philip H.,Kozlowski, Marisa C.
supporting information, p. 2914 - 2919 (2020/04/10)
A mild and efficient method for the vanadium-catalyzed intramolecular coupling of tethered free phenols is described. The corresponding phenol-dienone products are prepared directly in good yields with low catalyst loadings. Electronically diverse tethered phenol precursors are well tolerated, and the catalytic method was effectively applied as the key step in syntheses of three natural products and a synthetically useful morphinan alkaloid precursor.
TGFβ INHIBITOR AND PRODRUGS
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Page/Page column 62; 63, (2020/06/10)
A compound of formula (I) with improved TGFβ signaling pathway inhibitory activity, improved therapeutic efficacy and improved toxicity profile, as well as two prodrugs thereof are disclosed. Compositions comprising said TGFβ signaling pathway inhibitor a
Preparation method and application of apocynin and derivatives of apocynin
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Paragraph 0063-0066, (2020/01/12)
The invention belongs to the technical field of chemical biology, and particularly relates to a preparation method of apocynin and derivatives of the apocynin and an application of the apocynin and the derivatives of the apocynin in skin care products. The apocynin and the derivatives of the apocynin provided by the invention can promote collagen synthesis, help skin damage repair, and can be usedin the skin care products.