2052-49-5Relevant articles and documents
Solvent extraction of lithium from aqueous solution using an ammonium ionic liquid
Li, Hongxia,Liu, Bing,Qin, Yaru,Shi, Chenglong,Song, Guixiu
, (2020)
A new functionalized ionic liquid (FIL), tetrabutylammonium 2-ethylhexyl hydrogen-2-ethylhexylphosphonate ([N4444][EHEHP]), was prepared and used in the extraction of lithium ion from aqueous solution. The factors affecting the extraction efficiencies, such as aqueous acidity, extractant concentration and temperature, were optimized. The mechanism involved in the extraction system was analyzed by slope analysis and FT-IR data. According to the Van't Hoff equation, the thermodynamic functions of the extraction reaction in ionic liquid system were obtained. Liquid/liquid extraction tests indicated that the ionic liquid system exhibited better selectivity towards lithium ions in the solution containing alkali metal ions. In addition, the quantitative stripping of lithium ions from the loaded ionic liquid phase was carried out and the effect of hydrochloric acid concentration on stripping rate was investigated in detail.
Hydrates of Organic Compounds. X. The Formation of Clathrate Hydrates of Tetrabutylammonium Alkanesulfonates
Nakayama, Haruo,Usui, Hideyuki
, p. 833 - 838 (1986)
The solid-liquid phase diagrams of binary mixtures of water with tetrabutylammonium alkanesulfonate (n-C4H9)4NO3SR(R=CH3-C5H11) and with tetrabutylammonium benzenesulfonate were examined in order to confirm the formation of clathrate-like hydrates.It has been found that (1) all the sulfonates examined can form clathrate-like hydrates with hydration numbers either around 30 or around 39; (2) these hydrates can be classified into three groups I, II, and III on the basis of the hydration numbers and melting points just as in the case of a series of tetrabutylammonium carboxylate hydrates; and (3) generally, the melting points of these sulfonate hydrates are lower than those of tetrabutylammonium carboxylate hydrates.The formation of clathrate-like hydrates of tetrabutylammonium hydrogensulfite and of tetrabutylammoniumsulfite has also been reported and is discussed in an appendix.
Tartrate-based ionic liquids: Unified synthesis and characterisation
Rouch, Anne,Castellan, Tessa,Fabing, Isabelle,Saffon, Nathalie,Rodriguez, Jean,Constantieux, Thierry,Plaquevent, Jean-Christophe,Genisson, Yves
, p. 413 - 426 (2013)
A convenient and general preparative approach for tartrate-derived organic salts with bulky non-coordinating cations is described. This route is based on neutralisation of tartaric acid with cation hydroxides in aqueous solution. A series of 24 tartrate salts was prepared by systematic variation of the hemi- or bis-tartrate anion and the nature of the organic cation. Chirality of the anion was also explored as a vector for structural modification. Complete characterisation, including X-ray crystallography, was carried out. This comparative study of the physicochemical properties of these salts led to the identification of several informative trends useful for designing proper tartrate-based chiral ionic liquids.
Preparation and application of highly efficient and reusable TBAPIL@Si(CH2)3@nano-silica-based nano-catalyst for preparation of benzoxanthene derivatives
Agrwal, Akansha,Kumar, Vipin,Kasana, Virendra
, p. 2583 - 2595 (2021/02/26)
Tetrabutylammonium prolinate ionic liquid (TBAPIL) was prepared, and mesoporous silica nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized. Both of these were linked through propyltriethoxysilane to prepare a reusable catalyst TBAPIL@Si(CH2)3@silica NPs (TBAPILS). The formation of TBAPIL was checked through Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed the structure of silica NPs and linking of TBPAIL on it. Transmission electron microscopy proved the flourishing development of silica NPs. Scanning electron microscopy graphs exposed the altering in morphology of silica NPs and TBAPILS. FT-IR analysis also confirmed the formation of TBAPILS catalyst. Moreover, the effectiveness of the TBAPILS was also checked for the synthesis of various derivatives of tetrahydrobenzoxanthenes-11-ones. The formation and structure of obtained compounds were confirmed by FT-IR, elemental analysis, 1HNMR and 13C NMR spectral analysis. The catalyst TBAPILS was found to be used successfully up to five cycles without significant loss of activity.
Synthesis method of N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide
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Paragraph 0038-0040, (2021/06/12)
The invention relates to a synthesis method of N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide. By taking solid acrylamide and paraformaldehyde as raw materials, adopting a supported quaternary ammonium base catalyst, and selectively activating an amino group in the acrylamide by controlling the size of a hydrocarbyl group connected with quaternary ammonium base and utilizing the steric effect of hydrocarbyl, the self-polymerization behavior in the production process of the N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide is reduced, and the N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide monomer is efficiently obtained. The supported quaternary ammonium alkali is used as the catalyst, the reaction condition is mild, the selectivity is high, system polymerization caused by the traditional inorganic alkali liquor reaction is effectively avoided, and the reaction system can realize high-efficiency conversion of raw materials without adding a large amount of water as a reaction solvent, so that the yield is improved; and the supported quaternary ammonium base catalyst has the characteristics of large specific surface area, high reaction activity and the like, greatly reduces the use amount of solvent water in the reaction process, is convenient to remove in the post-treatment process, and reduces sewage discharge.
Preparation of Acifluorfen-Based Ionic Liquids with Fluorescent Properties for Enhancing Biological Activities and Reducing the Risk to the Aquatic Environment
Cao, Yongsong,Li, Jianqiang,Niu, Junfan,Tang, Gang,Tang, Jingyue,Tang, Rong,Yang, Jiale,Zhang, Wenbing,Zhou, Zhiyuan
, p. 6048 - 6057 (2020/06/26)
In this work, 12 novel herbicidal ionic liquids (HILs) based on acifluorfen were prepared by pairing with the fluorescent hydrazides or different alkyl chains for increasing activities and reducing negative impacts on the aquatic environment. The results showed that the fluorescence of coumarin hydrazide in the HILs was applied as the internal and supplementary light source to meet the requirement of light wavelength range of acifluorfen, which improved the phytotoxicity of acifluorfen to weeds by enhancing singlet oxygen generation with increased sunlight utilization. The herbicidal activities of HILs were related positively with the length of chain of cation under high light intensity and depended mainly on the fluorescence characteristic of the cation under low light intensity, and the double salt IL forms of acifluorfen containing coumarin hydrazide and n-hexadecyltrimethylammonium had enhanced efficacies against broadleaf weeds in the field. Compared with acifluorfen sodium, HILs had lower water solubility, better surface activity, weaker mobility in soils, and higher decomposition temperature. These results demonstrated that HILs containing different cations provided a wider scope for fine-tuning of the physicochemical and biological properties of herbicides and established a promising way for the development of environmentally friendly herbicidal formulations.
Ionic Liquid Stabilized Niobium Oxoclusters Catalyzing Oxidation of Sulfides with Exceptional Activity
Zhou, Qingqing,Ye, Man,Ma, Wenbao,Li, Difan,Ding, Bingjie,Chen, Manyu,Yao, Yefeng,Gong, Xueqing,Hou, Zhenshan
, p. 4206 - 4217 (2019/03/26)
We present here a new class of niobium oxoclusters that are stabilized effectively by carboxylate ionic liquids. These functionalized ILs are designated as [TBA][LA], [TBA][PA], and [TBA][HPA] in this work, in which TBA represents tetrabutylammonium and LA, PA, and HPA refer to lactate, propionate, 3-hydroxypropionate anions, respectively. The as-synthesized Nb oxoclusters have been characterized by use of elemental analysis, NMR, IR, XRD, TGA, HRTEM. It was found that [TBA][LA]-stabilized Nb oxoclusters (Nb?OC@[TBA][LA]) are uniformly dispersed with an average particle size of 2–3 nm and afforded exceptionally high catalytic activity for the selective oxidation of various thioethers. The turnover number with Nb?OC@[TBA][LA] catalyst was over 56 000 at catalyst loading as low as 0.0033 mol % (1 ppm). Meantime, the catalyst also showed the high activity for the epoxidation of olefins and allylic alcohols by using only 0.065 mol % of catalyst (50 ppm). The characterization of 93Nb NMR spectra revealed that the Nb oxoclusters underwent structural transformation in the presence of H2O2 but regenerated to their initial state at the end of the reaction. In particular, the highly dispersed Nb oxoclusters can absorb a large amount of polar organic solvents and thus were swollen greatly, which exhibited “pseudo” liquid phase behavior, and enabled the substrate molecules to be highly accessible to the catalytic center of Nb oxocluster units.
Preparation and characterization of new ionic liquid forms of 2,4-DP herbicide
Niemczak, Micha?,Biedziak, Agnieszka,Czerniak, Kamil,Marcinkowska, Katarzyna
, p. 7315 - 7325 (2017/11/27)
In this study, a series of new 2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)propionate-based herbicidal ionic liquids (HILs), incorporating well-known, commercially available tetraalkylammonium cations, were synthesized in high yield (≥89%) via a simple two-step procedure. Generally, at room temperature, the products comprising at least one long alkyl substituent in the cation were viscous liquids. All the synthesized salts maintained biological activity against the selected dicotyledonous weeds (common lambsquarters and cornflower). Among the tested salts, the HILs with dodecyltrimethylammonium, trimethyl(tetradecyl)ammonium and trimethyl(octadecyl)ammonium cations were characterized by the highest herbicidal efficacy against both plants. The spray solutions of the prepared HILs revealed their good surface-activation and wetting properties (contact angle = 43–63° and surface tension = 27–29 mN m?1), justifying an enhancement of the biological activity caused by the facilitated penetration of the active substance into the interior of the plant. The values of the octanol–water partition coefficient of the new salts indicate their low potential for bioaccumulation in the soil.
Method of manufacturing tetrabuthyl ammonium acetate (by machine translation)
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, (2017/02/23)
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: use raw material, and the solvent through the proper selection of a simple and easy process suitable for the manufacture of solubility of cellulose tet love chill ammonium acetate. SOLUTION: and a starting material by tributylamine, tributylamine in polar aprotic organic solvent and by the reaction of halogenated butyl tetrabuthyl ammonium halide and a process for obtaining, in tetrabuthyl ammonium halide vopo and [...] by the reaction of an alkali metal hydroxide and a process for obtaining, in [...] vopo tetrabuthyl ammonium acetate and acetic acid tetrabuthyl by reaction of the process and to obtain. Selected drawing: fig. 1 (by machine translation)
BIOCATALYST SOLVENT USING IONIC LIQUID, AND BIOCATALYST SOLUTION CONTAINING THE SOLVENT AND BIOCATALYST
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Paragraph 0142; 0143, (2016/10/10)
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide: a biocatalyst solvent that can be stored for a long period of time and that can dissolve a high concentration of a biocatalyst from low temperatures to high temperatures while retaining the activity of the biocatalyst; and a biocatalyst solution using the biocatalyst solvent. SOLUTION: The biocatalyst solvent is composed of an ionic liquid containing anions and quaternary ammonium cations represented by the following formula (1), where each Ra independently represents: a hydroxyalkyl group which has at least one hydroxyl group, in which the alkyl moiety is in a C1-10 straight-chained or branched state, and in which the alkyl moiety may contain an oxygen atom; a carboxyalkyl group which has at least one carboxy group, in which the alkyl moiety is in a C1-10 straight-chained or branched state, and in which the alkyl moiety may contain an oxygen atom; or a hydroxy-carboxyalkyl group which has at least one each of a hydroxyl group and a carboxy group, in which the alkyl moiety is in a C1-10 straight-chained or branched state, and in which the alkyl moiety may contain an oxygen atom and where each Rb independently represents a hydrogen atom or a C1-5 straight-chained or branched alkyl group. n represents an integer of 1-4. SELECTED DRAWING: None COPYRIGHT: (C)2016,JPOandINPIT
