3681-82-1Relevant articles and documents
Zn(ClO4)2·6H2O as a Powerful Catalyst for a Practical Acylation of Alcohols with Acid Anhydrides
Bartoli, Giuseppe,Bosco, Marcella,Dalpozzo, Renato,Marcantoni, Enrico,Massaccesi, Massimo,Sambri, Letizia
, p. 4611 - 4617 (2007/10/03)
A new protocol for the acylation of alcohols with anhydrides in the presence of Zn(ClO4)2·6H2O as the catalyst is reported. The activity of Zn(ClO4)2· 6H2O has been proven to be superior to that exerted by dry Mg(ClO4)2 and by metal triflates. Its efficiency allows reactions between poorly reactive substrates, such as sterically hindered tertiary alcohols and aromatic anhydrides, All of the reactions were carried out at a 1:1.05 alcohol/anhydride ratio. These conditions are extremely convenient from a practical and economic point of view, since they avoid wasting reagents and allow a simple workup procedure. The catalytic action of Zn(ClO4)2·6H2O is so specific for the activation of the anhydrides, that acid-sensitive functionalities and the stereochemical configuration of the starting materials remain unaltered in the esterification process. In all cases, the acylated products are quantitatively obtained in pure form. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2003.
Oxidative esterification of alkenes via π- and σ-organopalladium complexes: New pathways for the reaction
Kozitsyna, N.Yu.,Bukharkina,Martens,Vargaftik,Moiseev
, p. 69 - 75 (2007/10/03)
New mechanistic data on the oxidative esterification of alkenes were obtained in the study of the reaction of Pd(II) acetate with hex-1-ene, methylcyclohex-1-ene and racemic α-pinene in a chloroform solution. High yields of unsaturated esters with terminal alcohol group were found in the oxidation of hex-1-ene, while the exocyclic methyl groups in methylcyclohex-1-ene and α-pinene remain untouched.
Vinylic, allylic and homoallylic oxidations of alkenes via π- and σ-organopalladium complexes
Kozitsyna, N.Yu.,Vargaftik,Moiseev
, p. 274 - 291 (2007/10/03)
The stoichiometric and catalytic pathways of oxidative esterification of alkenes via intermediate organopalladium complexes are discussed. The oxidation of propylene, hex-1-ene and cyclohexene by PdII acido complexes containing achiral, racemic and chiral carboxylate ligands was first studied in a series of solvents other than acetic acid. Significant changes in the selectivity of the PdII-promoted reaction with changes in the solvent nature and ligand chirality were observed. A way to allylic esters based on low-valence Pd nanoclusters provide highly selective oxidation of acyclic alkenes into allylic esters, whereas cycloalkenes undergo mostly redox disproportionation. The role of π-alkene, σ-alkenyl and π-allyl complexes in the mechanism of the alkene oxidative esterification with PdII complexes and low-valence Pd clusters is discussed.
SmI2-Induced Deoxygenation of Epoxides and Its Application to Carbonyl Methylenation in Combination with Iodomethylation
Matsukawa, Mihaya,Tabuchi, Takanori,Inanaga, Junji,Yamaguchi, Masaru
, p. 2101 - 2102 (2007/10/02)
Deoxygenation of epoxides to olefins was effected by an efficient electron transfer system of SmI2-THF-HMPA in the presence of N,N-dimethylaminoethanol (DMAE) or glutaric anhydride.This procedure, in combination with the SmI2-induced iodomethylation, afforded a new, rapid and mild one-pot carbonyl methylenation method.
Acetyl transfer reactions on AlPO4-Al2O3
Costa, Antonio,Riego, Juan Martin
, p. 2327 - 2328 (2007/10/02)
An efficient acetylation of alcohols and aliphatic amines promoted by the AlPO4-Al2O3/ethyl acetate system is described.The solid catalist acts, at least in part, as the acetyl carrier.
Vakuum UV Photolyses of Some Bichromophoric Alkenes Possesing Hydroxyl or Methoxycarbonyl Group
Inoue, Yoshihisa,Goan, Kazuyoshi,Hakushi, Tadao
, p. 2217 - 2220 (2007/10/02)
The direct photolyses at 185 nm of some naturally occuring and related bichromophoric alkenes possesing hydroxyl or methoxycarbonyl group at an allylic, homoallylic, or remote position gave the geometrical isomers as the major photoproducts detectable on gas chromatography.The isomerization yield was highly sensitive to the functional group introduced and its position; allylic alkenols gave poor yields, while both functionalization at a remote position and esterification of the hydroxyl group improve the photoisomerization yield.
METATHESE D'ACETATES D'ALCOOLS ω-INSATURES. SYNTHESE DE PHEROMONES D'INSECTES
Levisalles, Jaques,Villemin, Didier
, p. 3181 - 3186 (2007/10/02)
Esters of alkenoic acids, including insect pheromones as examples, have been synthesized using alkene metathesis reactions.
Oxidation of acetoxyalkyl radicals by divalent copper salts
Katsin,Ogibin,Nikishin
, p. 129 - 133 (2007/10/12)
1. The 1-ethyl-3-aeetoxypropyl and 1-ethyl-4-acetoxybutyl radicals were respectively generated by the oxidative decarboxylation of the 2-ethyl-3-acetoxybutanoic and 2-ethyl-4-acetoxypentanoic acids under the influence of lead tetraacetate, and a study was made of their oxidation by the acetate, trifluoroacetate, fluoborate, sulfate, chloride and perchlorate of divalent copper. 2. Most of the copper salts oxidize the 1-ethyl-3-acetoxypropyl and 1-ethyl-4-acetoxybutyl radicals exclusively to the 2- and 3-pentenyl and the 3- and 4-hexenyl acetates, with the predominant formation of the isomers where the acetoxy group is furthest away from the double bond. Ligands that are coordinated with the copper are practically without effect on the ratio of the formed isomeric alkenyl acetates.