5235-10-9Relevant articles and documents
Discovery of Novel Indazoles as Potent and Selective PI3Kδ Inhibitors with High Efficacy for Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Cui, Sunliang,He, Qiaojun,Lou, Shengying,Qi, Jifeng,Tang, Yongmei,Wang, Jiaer,Wang, Weihua,Yang, Bo,Yuan, Tao,Zhu, Hong
, p. 3849 - 3865 (2022/03/14)
PI3Kδ inhibitors have been developed for treatment of B-cell malignancies and inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. However, their therapeutic role in solid tumors like hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is rarely reported. Thus, the development of potent and selective PI3Kδ inhibitors with a new chemotype and therapy is highly desirable. Through the scaffold-hopping strategy, indazole was first described as the core structure of propeller-shaped PI3Kδ inhibitors. A total of 26 indazole derivatives were designed and prepared to identify a novel compound 9x with good isoform selectivity, PK profile, and potency. Compared to Idelalisib and Sorafenib, the pharmacodynamic (PD) studies showed that 9x exhibits superior efficacy in HCC cell lines and xenograft models, and the mechanistic study showed that 9x robustly suppresses the downstream AKT pathway to induce subsequent apoptotic cell death in HCC models. Therefore, this work provides a new structural design of PI3Kδ inhibitors for a novel and efficient therapeutic small molecule toward HCC.
Regioselective N-alkylation of the 1H-indazole scaffold; ring substituent and N-alkylating reagent effects on regioisomeric distribution
Alam, Ryan M.,Keating, John J.
supporting information, p. 1939 - 1951 (2021/08/23)
The indazole scaffold represents a promising pharmacophore, commonly incorporated in a variety of therapeutic drugs. Although indazole-containing drugs are frequently marketed as the corresponding N-alkyl 1H- or 2H-indazole derivative, the efficient synthesis and isolation of the desired N-1 or N-2 alkylindazole regioisomer can often be challenging and adversely affect product yield. Thus, as part of a broader study focusing on the synthesis of bioactive indazole derivatives, we aimed to develop a regioselective protocol for the synthesis of N-1 alkylindazoles. Initial screening of various conditions revealed that the combination of sodium hydride (NaH) in tetrahydrofuran (THF) (in the presence of an alkyl bromide), represented a promising system for N-1 selective indazole alkylation. For example, among fourteen C-3 substituted indazoles examined, we observed > 99% N-1 regioselectivity for 3-carboxymethyl, 3-tert-butyl, 3-COMe, and 3-carboxamide indazoles. Further extension of this optimized (NaH in THF) protocol to various C-3, -4, -5, -6, and -7 substituted indazoles has highlighted the impact of steric and electronic effects on N-1/N-2 regioisomeric distribution. For example, employing C-7 NO2 or CO2Me substituted indazoles conferred excellent N-2 regioselectivity (≥ 96%). Importantly, we show that this optimized N-alkylation procedure tolerates a wide structural variety of alkylating reagents, including primary alkyl halide and secondary alkyl tosylate electrophiles, while maintaining a high degree of N-1 regioselectivity.
Biocatalytic reduction of α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acids to allylic alcohols
Aleku, Godwin A.,Leys, David,Roberts, George W.
, p. 3927 - 3939 (2020/07/09)
We have developed robust in vivo and in vitro biocatalytic systems that enable reduction of α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acids to allylic alcohols and their saturated analogues. These compounds are prevalent scaffolds in many industrial chemicals and pharmaceuticals. A substrate profiling study of a carboxylic acid reductase (CAR) investigating unexplored substrate space, such as benzo-fused (hetero)aromatic carboxylic acids and α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acids, revealed broad substrate tolerance and provided information on the reactivity patterns of these substrates. E. coli cells expressing a heterologous CAR were employed as a multi-step hydrogenation catalyst to convert a variety of α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acids to the corresponding saturated primary alcohols, affording up to >99percent conversion. This was supported by the broad substrate scope of E. coli endogenous alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), as well as the unexpected CC bond reducing activity of E. coli cells. In addition, a broad range of benzofused (hetero)aromatic carboxylic acids were converted to the corresponding primary alcohols by the recombinant E. coli cells. An alternative one-pot in vitro two-enzyme system, consisting of CAR and glucose dehydrogenase (GDH), demonstrates promiscuous carbonyl reductase activity of GDH towards a wide range of unsaturated aldehydes. Hence, coupling CAR with a GDH-driven NADP(H) recycling system provides access to a variety of (hetero)aromatic primary alcohols and allylic alcohols from the parent carboxylates, in up to >99percent conversion. To demonstrate the applicability of these systems in preparative synthesis, we performed 100 mg scale biotransformations for the preparation of indole-3-aldehyde and 3-(naphthalen-1-yl)propan-1-ol using the whole-cell system, and cinnamyl alcohol using the in vitro system, affording up to 85percent isolated yield.
An optimized procedure for direct access to 1: H -indazole-3-carboxaldehyde derivatives by nitrosation of indoles
Chevalier, Arnaud,Ouahrouch, Abdelaaziz,Arnaud, Alexandre,Gallavardin, Thibault,Franck, Xavier
, p. 13121 - 13128 (2018/04/23)
Indazole derivatives are currently drawing more and more attention in medicinal chemistry as kinase inhibitors. 1H-indazole-3-carboxaldehydes are key intermediates to access to a variety of polyfunctionalized 3-substituted indazoles. We report here a general access to this motif, based on the nitrosation of indoles in a slightly acidic environment. These very mild conditions allow the conversion of both electron-rich and electron-deficient indoles into 1H-indazole-3-carboxaldehydes.
Discovery of the cancer cell selective dual acting anti-cancer agent (Z)-2-(1H-indol-3-yl)-3-(isoquinolin-5-yl)acrylonitrile (A131)
See, Cheng Shang,Kitagawa, Mayumi,Liao, Pei-Ju,Lee, Kyung Hee,Wong, Jasmine,Lee, Sang Hyun,Dymock, Brian W.
, p. 344 - 367 (2018/07/25)
Selective targeting of cancer cells over normal cells is a key objective of targeted therapy. However few approaches achieve true mechanistic selectivity resulting in debilitating side effects and dose limitation. In this work we describe the discovery of A131 (4a), a new agent with an unprecedented dual mechanism of action targeting both mitosis and autophagy. Compound 4a was first identified in a phenotypic screen in which HeLa cells treated with 4a manifested mitotic arrest along with formation of multiple vesicles. Further investigations showed that 4a causes an increase in mitotic marker pH3 and autophagy marker LC3. Importantly 4a induces cell death in cancer cells while sparing normal cells which regrow after 4a is removed. Dual activities against pH3 and LC3 markers are required for cancer cell selectivity. An extensive SAR investigation confirmed 4a as the optimal dual inhibitor with potency against a panel of 30 cancer cell lines (average antiproliferative GI50 1.5 μM). In a mouse model of paclitaxel-resistant colon cancer, 4a showed 74% tumor growth inhibition when administered at a dose of 20 mg/kg IP twice a day.
SELECTIVE ANTI-CANCER COMPOUNDS
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Page/Page column 113-114, (2017/01/31)
A compound of formula I, wherein the compound of formula I has the structure: wherein R1 to R5, Y, L, Z and X1 to X7 have meanings given in the description, said compounds having utility in the treatment of hyperproliferative disease.
Design and synthesis of a new indazole library: direct conversion of?N-methoxy-N-methylamides (Weinreb amides) to 3-keto and 3-formylindazoles
Crestey, Fran?ois,Stiebing, Silvia,Legay, Rémi,Collot, Valérie,Rault, Sylvain
, p. 419 - 428 (2007/10/03)
Nucleophilic addition of Grignard or lithiated reagents on the new Weinreb amides 3 and 4 afforded efficiently the corresponding ketones and allowed the design and synthesis of a new indazole library. These 3-ketoindazoles were obtained by a direct and or
New practical access to 2-azatryptophans and dehydro derivatives via the Wittig-Horner reaction
Crestey, Fran?ois,Collot, Valérie,Stiebing, Silvia,Lohier, Jean-Fran?ois,Santos, Jana Sopkova-de Oliveira,Rault, Sylvain
, p. 2457 - 2460 (2007/10/03)
The Wittig-Horner reaction of protected 3-formylindazoles 1 with (±)-N-(benzyloxycarbonyl)-α-phosphonoglycine trimethyl ester 2 has been developed as a new practical synthesis of dehydro 2-azatryptophans and amino acid derivatives. The preparation of 5-br
Tricyclic heterocycles
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Page/Page column 28, (2008/06/13)
The present invention relates to the compounds of formula I their pharmaceutically acceptable salts or esters, enantiomeric forms, diastereoisomers and racemates, the preparation of the above-mentioned compounds, pharmaceutical compositions containing suc
PPAR ACTIVE COMPOUNDS
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Page 100-101, (2008/06/13)
Compounds are described that are active on PPARs, including pan-active compounds. Also described are methods for developing or identifying compounds having a desired selectivity profile.
