73-70-1Relevant articles and documents
The Need for an Alternative to Radicals as the Cause of Fragmentation of a Thiamin-Derived Breslow Intermediate
Bielecki, Michael,Kluger, Ronald
supporting information, p. 6321 - 6323 (2017/05/22)
Mandelylthiamin (1) is a conjugate of benzoylformate and thiamin that loses CO2 to form the classic Breslow intermediate (2), whose expected fate is formation of the thiamin conjugate of benzaldehyde (3). Surprisingly, it was observed that 2 decomposes to 4 and 5 and rearranges to 6 in competition with the expected protonation to give 3. Recent reports propose that the alternatives to protonation arise from homolysis followed by radical-centered processes. It is now found, instead, that the spectroscopic observations cited in support of the proposed radical pathways are likely to be the result of other events. An alternative explanation is that ionization of the enolic hydroxy group of 2 and resultant electronic reorganization leads to C?C bond cleavage and non-radical intermediates that readily form 4, 5, and 6.
HETEROARYL COMPOUNDS AND METHODS OF USE THEREOF
-
Page/Page column 124, (2011/12/14)
Provided herein are heteroaryl compounds, methods of their synthesis, pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds, and methods of their use. In one embodiment, the compounds provided herein are useful for the treatment, prevention, and/or management of various disorders, such as CNS disorders and metabolic disorders, including, but not limited to, e.g., neurological disorders, psychosis, schizophrenia, obesity, and diabetes
Reactivity of intermediates in benzoylformate decarboxylase: Avoiding the path to destruction
Hu, Qingyan,Kluger, Ronald
, p. 14858 - 14859 (2007/10/03)
Benzoylformate decarboxylase forms a covalent intermediate from thiamin diphosphate (TDP) and benzoylformate, α-mandelylTDP. This loses carbon dioxide to form a carbanion (enamine). Protonation of the carbanion and elimination of benzaldehyde regenerate e
Decomposition of 2-(1-hydroxybenzyl) thiamin in neutral aqueous solutions: benzaldehyde and thiamin are not the products
Kluger,Lam,Kim
, p. 275 - 283 (2007/10/02)
It has been reported that in neutral aqueous solutions, the adduct of benzaldehyde and thiamin, 2-(l-hydroxybenzyl)thiamin, HBzT (2), undergoes general base-catalyzed reversion to thiamin and benzaldehyde (E. J. Crane, III, and M. W. Washabaugh (1991) Bioorg. Chem.19, 351). An unusual mechanism had been invoked to explain the kinetic observations. In the present study, it is shown that in solutions of pH 8, HBzT fragments at the bridge methylene group to 2,5-dimethyl-4-amino-pyrimidine (3) and 2-benzoyl-5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazole (4), not thiamin and benzaldehyde (which are the products at higher pH) (Scheme 3). Buffer catalysis is not observed where the products are thiamin and benzaldehyde. In neutral solution under conditions in which the products are 3 and 4, the reaction is general base-catalyzed. It is likely that catalysis assists the cleavage of the methylene bridge. Mechanistic proposals based on the elimination of benzaldehyde from HBzT in neutral and acidic solutions should be reconsidered. Copyright