Superstructure-dependent optical and electrical properties of an unusual face-to-face, π-stacked, one-dimensional assembly of dehydrobenzo[12]annulene in the crystalline state

Article abstract of DOI:10.1002/chem.200800228

To develop a novel π-conjugated molecule-based supramolecular assembly, we designed and synthesized trisdehydrotribenzo[12]annulene ([12]DBA) derivative 2 with three carboxyl groups at the periphery. Recrystallization of 2 from DMSO gave a crystal of the solvate 2·3 DMSO. Crystallography analysis revealed, to our surprise, that a face-to-face π-stacked one-dimensional (1D) assembly of 2 was achieved and that the DMSO molecule played a significant role as a structure-dominant element in the crystal. This is the first example of [12]DBA to stack completely orthogonal to the columnar axis. To reveal its superstructure-dependent optical and electrical properties, 2 and its parent molecule 1, which crystallizes in a herringbone fashion, were subjected to fluorescence spectroscopic analysis and charge-carrier mobility measurements in crystalline states. The 1D stacked structure of 2 provides a red-shifted, broadened, weakened fluorescence profile (λ_max = 545 nm, φ_F = 0.01), compared to 1 (λ_max = 491 nm, φ_F = 0.12), due to strong interactions between the p orbitais of the stacked molecules. The charge-carrier mobility of the single crystal of 2·3 DMSO, as well as 1, was determined by flash photolysis time-resolved microwave conductivity (FP-TRMC) measurements. The single crystal of 2-3 DMSO revealed significantly-anisotropic charge mobility (Σμ = 1.5×10^-1 cm²V^-1s^-1) along the columnar axis (crystallographic c axis). This value is 12 times larger than that along the orthogonal axis (the a axis).