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305-84-0

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305-84-0 Usage

Description

Different sources of media describe the Description of 305-84-0 differently. You can refer to the following data:
1. Carnosine is a dipeptide comprising beta-alanine and histidine. It is found in muscular and other tissues. It has strong oxidant property as it can scavenge both reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS). Carnosine acts as a cytosolic buffering agent and as a regulator of macrophage function.1 Attributing to its ability to form complexes with transition metals, it is used to regulate the content of transition metal ions in biological fluids and tissues. Carnosine can prevent aging and can be used to prevent or treat complications of diabetes such as nerve damage, eye disorders (cataracts), and kidney problems.2 Potential therapeutic actions of carnosine include antihypertensive effects, immunomodulation, would healing, and antitumor/chemopreventive effects. The chelate compound of zinc ion and carnosine has been used in Japan for gastritis, gastric ulcers, and dyspepsia symptoms.3
2. L-Carnosine is a dipeptide composed of β-alanine and L-histidine that has been found in rat olfactory bulb, skeletal muscle, brain, kidney, and spleen tissues, as well as human skeletal muscle, and has diverse biological activities. It is a metal chelator that forms complexes with copper, cobalt, nickel, cadmium, or zinc. Dietary administration of L-carnosine (60 mg/kg per day) reduces plasma levels of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in diabetic rats. It reduces brain edema, blood-brain barrier disruption, microglial activation, and neuronal apoptosis in a rat model of intracerebral hemorrhage when administered at a dose of 1,000 mg/kg. L-Carnosine (250, 500, and 1,000 mg/kg, i.p.) reduces hepatic protein carbonylation and necrosis in a rat model of cirrhosis induced by bile duct ligation. It also reduces lung myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and TNF-α and IL-6 levels, as well as alveolar hemorrhage, interstitial edema, and pulmonary leukocyte infiltration in a mouse model of LPS-induced lung injury.

Reference

P. J. Quinn, A. A. Boldyrev, V. E. Formazuyk, Carnosine: Its properties, functions and potential therapeutic applications, Molecular Aspects of Medicine, 1992, vol. 13, pp. 379-444 https://www.webmd.com/vitamins/ai/ingredientmono-1038/carnosine G. M. Halpern, Zinc-Carnosine: Nature’s Safe and Effective Remedy for Ulcers, 2005, ISBN-10 0757002749

Chemical Properties

Crystalline

Uses

Different sources of media describe the Uses of 305-84-0 differently. You can refer to the following data:
1. antioxidant, antisenescense, antineoplastic
2. L-Carnosine is a naturally-occurring histidine-containing compound and the biological role of this dipeptide is to act as cytosolic buffering agents. Other roles ascribed to L-Carnosine include action s as neurotransmitters, modulation of enzymic activities and chelation of heavy metals.
3. carnosine is an anti-oxidant that works to prevent cellular damage because of free radical activity. Studies indicate an ability to boost the immunological functions. Carnosine is a naturally occurring amino acid. In cosmetics, it has anti-aging and skin-conditioning applications.

Definition

ChEBI: A dipeptide that is the N-(beta-alanyl) derivative of L-histidine.

benefits

L-Carnosine is a strong anti-glycosylation, free radical scavenging,anti-oxidant,anti-aging, anti-pollution.Brightenand repairthe skin. white powder.Its recommended dosage is 0.05~2%.

Synthesis Reference(s)

The Journal of Organic Chemistry, 48, p. 392, 1983 DOI: 10.1021/jo00151a026

Flammability and Explosibility

Notclassified

Biochem/physiol Actions

L-Carosine is a dipeptide found at millimolar concentration in brain, muscle and the lens of the eye. In model systems it is a potent antioxidant that scavenges oxygen free radicals and transition metal ions. It blocks protein-protein and protein-DNA cross-links induced by hypochlorite anions and toxic aldehydes such as acetaldehyde, formaldehyde, and malondialdehyde, the primary product of lipid peroxidation. It also inhibits nonenzymatic protein glycation induced by aldose and ketose reducing sugars and inhibits the formation of toxic advanced glycation end products (AGE). These activities make it of interest in studies of aging, atherosclerosis, Alzheimer′s disease, and the secondary effects of diabetes.

Safety Profile

Mildly toxic by intraperitoneal route. An experimental teratogen. Other experimental reproductive effects. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NOx.

Purification Methods

Likely impurities are histidine and β-alanine. Crystallise L-carnosine from water by adding EtOH in excess. Recrystallise it from aqueous EtOH by slow addition of EtOH to a strong aqueous solution of the dipeptide. Its solubility in H2O is 33.3% at 25o. [Vinick & Jung J Org Chem 48 392 1983, Turner J Am Chem Soc 75 2388 1953, Sifford & du Vigneaud J Biol Chem 108 753 1935, Beilstein 25 H 516, 25 I 717, 25 II 408.]

Check Digit Verification of cas no

The CAS Registry Mumber 305-84-0 includes 6 digits separated into 3 groups by hyphens. The first part of the number,starting from the left, has 3 digits, 3,0 and 5 respectively; the second part has 2 digits, 8 and 4 respectively.
Calculate Digit Verification of CAS Registry Number 305-84:
(5*3)+(4*0)+(3*5)+(2*8)+(1*4)=50
50 % 10 = 0
So 305-84-0 is a valid CAS Registry Number.
InChI:InChI=1/C9H14N4O3/c10-2-1-8(14)13-7(9(15)16)3-6-4-11-5-12-6/h4-5,7H,1-3,10H2,(H,11,12)(H,13,14)(H,15,16)/t7-/m0/s1

305-84-0 Well-known Company Product Price

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  • (Code)Product description
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  • Detail
  • TCI America

  • (A0222)  β-Alanyl-L-histidine  >98.0%(HPLC)(T)

  • 305-84-0

  • 1g

  • 150.00CNY

  • Detail
  • TCI America

  • (A0222)  β-Alanyl-L-histidine  >98.0%(HPLC)(T)

  • 305-84-0

  • 5g

  • 445.00CNY

  • Detail
  • Sigma

  • (C9625)  L-Carnosine  ~99%, crystalline

  • 305-84-0

  • C9625-10MG

  • 221.13CNY

  • Detail
  • Sigma

  • (C9625)  L-Carnosine  ~99%, crystalline

  • 305-84-0

  • C9625-5G

  • 976.95CNY

  • Detail
  • Sigma

  • (C9625)  L-Carnosine  ~99%, crystalline

  • 305-84-0

  • C9625-25G

  • 3,670.29CNY

  • Detail
  • Sigma

  • (C9625)  L-Carnosine  ~99%, crystalline

  • 305-84-0

  • C9625-100G

  • 12,530.70CNY

  • Detail

305-84-0SDS

SAFETY DATA SHEETS

According to Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS) - Sixth revised edition

Version: 1.0

Creation Date: Aug 13, 2017

Revision Date: Aug 13, 2017

1.Identification

1.1 GHS Product identifier

Product name carnosine

1.2 Other means of identification

Product number -
Other names n-2-m

1.3 Recommended use of the chemical and restrictions on use

Identified uses For industry use only.
Uses advised against no data available

1.4 Supplier's details

1.5 Emergency phone number

Emergency phone number -
Service hours Monday to Friday, 9am-5pm (Standard time zone: UTC/GMT +8 hours).

More Details:305-84-0 SDS

305-84-0Synthetic route

3-(tert-butyloxycarbonylamino)propionic acid
3303-84-2

3-(tert-butyloxycarbonylamino)propionic acid

N-9-fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl-N-trityl-L-histidine

N-9-fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl-N-trityl-L-histidine

carnosine
305-84-0

carnosine

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Stage #1: N-9-fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl-N-trityl-L-histidine With trityl chloride polystyrene resin; N-ethyl-N,N-diisopropylamine In dichloromethane; N,N-dimethyl-formamide for 0.5h; trityl chloride resin;
Stage #2: With piperazine In dichloromethane; N,N-dimethyl-formamide for 1h; trityl chloride resin; Inert atmosphere;
Stage #3: 3-(tert-butyloxycarbonylamino)propionic acid Further stages;
90%
3-aminopropanamide hydrochloride
64017-81-8

3-aminopropanamide hydrochloride

L-histidine
71-00-1

L-histidine

carnosine
305-84-0

carnosine

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With recombinant β-aminopeptidase BapA from Sphingosinicella xenopeptidilytica 3-2W4 at 37℃; pH=10; Kinetics; Reagent/catalyst; pH-value; aq. buffer; Enzymatic reaction;53%
3-aminopropanamide hydrochloride
64017-81-8

3-aminopropanamide hydrochloride

L-histidine methyl ester dihydrochloride
7389-87-9

L-histidine methyl ester dihydrochloride

A

3-(3-Amino-propionylamino)-propionic acid
2140-53-6

3-(3-Amino-propionylamino)-propionic acid

B

H-(β-Ala)3-NH2
1246364-63-5

H-(β-Ala)3-NH2

C

H-β-Ala-β-Ala-L-His-OH
1246364-64-6

H-β-Ala-β-Ala-L-His-OH

D

H-β-Ala-β-Ala-NH2

H-β-Ala-β-Ala-NH2

E

carnosine
305-84-0

carnosine

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With recombinant β-aminopeptidase DmpA from Ochrobactrum anthropi LMG7991 at 37℃; for 2h; pH=10; aq. buffer; Enzymatic reaction;
β-alanine p-nitroanilide hydrobromide
111196-17-9

β-alanine p-nitroanilide hydrobromide

L-histidine
71-00-1

L-histidine

carnosine
305-84-0

carnosine

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With recombinant β-aminopeptidase BapA from Sphingosinicella xenopeptidilytica 3-2W4 at 37℃; pH=10; Kinetics; Reagent/catalyst; pH-value; aq. buffer; Enzymatic reaction;
L-carnosine methyl ester

L-carnosine methyl ester

carnosine
305-84-0

carnosine

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With water; sodium hydroxide at 95℃; for 0.116667h; pH=12; aq. buffer;
Smoc-β-alanine

Smoc-β-alanine

L-histidine
71-00-1

L-histidine

carnosine
305-84-0

carnosine

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With 1-hydroxy-pyrrolidine-2,5-dione; N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N-ethylcarbodiimide In water; acetonitrile at 4℃; for 0.2h; pH=7.5; Reagent/catalyst; Solvent; pH-value;
4-(((L-histidyl)oxy)methyl)-N,N,N-trimethylbenzenaminium

4-(((L-histidyl)oxy)methyl)-N,N,N-trimethylbenzenaminium

Smoc-β-alanine

Smoc-β-alanine

carnosine
305-84-0

carnosine

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Stage #1: 4-(((L-histidyl)oxy)methyl)-N,N,N-trimethylbenzenaminium; Smoc-β-alanine With 1-hydroxy-pyrrolidine-2,5-dione; N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N-ethylcarbodiimide In water; isopropyl alcohol for 0.25h; pH=7.5;
Stage #2: With piperazine In water; isopropyl alcohol
methanol
67-56-1

methanol

carnosine
305-84-0

carnosine

methyl (2S)-2-[(3-aminopropanoyl)amino]-3-(4H-imidazol-4-yl)propanoate hydrochloride

methyl (2S)-2-[(3-aminopropanoyl)amino]-3-(4H-imidazol-4-yl)propanoate hydrochloride

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With thionyl chloride for 1h; Reflux;100%
zinc(II) acetate dihydrate
5970-45-6

zinc(II) acetate dihydrate

carnosine
305-84-0

carnosine

polaprezinc

polaprezinc

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With water; sodium hydroxide In methanol at 25 - 60℃; for 3h; Solvent;99.7%
With sodium hydroxide In water at 23 - 83℃; for 3h; Solvent; Temperature;96.8%
di-tert-butyl dicarbonate
24424-99-5

di-tert-butyl dicarbonate

carnosine
305-84-0

carnosine

(S)-3-(1-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-1H-imidazol-5-yl)-2-(3-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)propanamido)propanoic acid
405520-71-0

(S)-3-(1-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-1H-imidazol-5-yl)-2-(3-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)propanamido)propanoic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Stage #1: di-tert-butyl dicarbonate; carnosine With sodium hydroxide In 1,3-dioxane; water at 0 - 20℃; Inert atmosphere;
Stage #2: With potassium dihydrogenphosphate In 1,3-dioxane; water
76%
carnosine
305-84-0

carnosine

A

monoiodocarnosine
68808-73-1

monoiodocarnosine

B

diiodocarnosine
39740-49-3

diiodocarnosine

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With sodium hydroxide; iodine In ethanol for 1.5h;A 72%
B n/a
C59H90N4O7

C59H90N4O7

carnosine
305-84-0

carnosine

C64H99N7O7

C64H99N7O7

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Stage #1: carnosine With sodium hydrogencarbonate In water; N,N-dimethyl-formamide for 0.5h;
Stage #2: C59H90N4O7 In water; N,N-dimethyl-formamide
68%
carnosine
305-84-0

carnosine

2A,3A-mannoepoxide-β-cyclodextrin

2A,3A-mannoepoxide-β-cyclodextrin

(2AS,3AR)-3A-[(3-{[(1S)-1-carboxy-2-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)ethyl]amino}-3-oxopropyl)amino]-3A-deoxy-β-cyclodextrin

(2AS,3AR)-3A-[(3-{[(1S)-1-carboxy-2-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)ethyl]amino}-3-oxopropyl)amino]-3A-deoxy-β-cyclodextrin

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With sodium hydrogencarbonate at 60℃; for 12h;30%
carnosine
305-84-0

carnosine

L-5-sulfanylcarnosine

L-5-sulfanylcarnosine

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With hydrogenchloride; N-Bromosuccinimide; tiolacetic acid In water at 0℃; for 1h;14%
carnosine
305-84-0

carnosine

(S)-2-(3-Hydroxy-propionylamino)-3-(3H-imidazol-4-yl)-propionic acid
125347-29-7

(S)-2-(3-Hydroxy-propionylamino)-3-(3H-imidazol-4-yl)-propionic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With hydrogenchloride; sodium nitrite In water for 24h; Ambient temperature;100 % Spectr.
4-isothiocyanatobenzene sulfonamide
51908-29-3

4-isothiocyanatobenzene sulfonamide

carnosine
305-84-0

carnosine

4-sulfamoylphenylthiourea-β-alanylhistidine

4-sulfamoylphenylthiourea-β-alanylhistidine

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In acetone Heating;
(E)-4-Hydroxy-2-nonenal
75899-68-2

(E)-4-Hydroxy-2-nonenal

carnosine
305-84-0

carnosine

A

(E)-(S)-2-(1-Hydroxy-hexyl)-8-oxo-1,5,9,13-tetraaza-bicyclo[10.2.1]pentadeca-4,12(15),13-triene-10-carboxylic acid

(E)-(S)-2-(1-Hydroxy-hexyl)-8-oxo-1,5,9,13-tetraaza-bicyclo[10.2.1]pentadeca-4,12(15),13-triene-10-carboxylic acid

B

N-(2-hydroxy-5-pentyltetrahydrofuran-yl)carnosine

N-(2-hydroxy-5-pentyltetrahydrofuran-yl)carnosine

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In phosphate buffer at 37℃; pH=7.4; Product distribution; Michael addition;
acrolein
107-02-8

acrolein

carnosine
305-84-0

carnosine

A

(E)-(S)-8-Oxo-1,5,9,13-tetraaza-bicyclo[10.2.1]pentadeca-4,12(15),13-triene-10-carboxylic acid

(E)-(S)-8-Oxo-1,5,9,13-tetraaza-bicyclo[10.2.1]pentadeca-4,12(15),13-triene-10-carboxylic acid

B

3-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)-2-[3-(3-oxo-propylamino)-propionylamino]-propionic acid

3-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)-2-[3-(3-oxo-propylamino)-propionylamino]-propionic acid

C

2-(3-amino-propionylamino)-3-[1-(3-oxo-propyl)-1H-imidazol-4-yl]-propionic acid

2-(3-amino-propionylamino)-3-[1-(3-oxo-propyl)-1H-imidazol-4-yl]-propionic acid

D

(E)-(S)-10-Carboxy-8-oxo-13-(3-oxo-propyl)-1,5,9-triaza-13-azonia-bicyclo[10.2.1]pentadeca-4,12(15),13-triene

(E)-(S)-10-Carboxy-8-oxo-13-(3-oxo-propyl)-1,5,9-triaza-13-azonia-bicyclo[10.2.1]pentadeca-4,12(15),13-triene

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In phosphate buffer at 37℃; pH=7.4; Product distribution; Further Variations:; Reaction partners; time dependence;
copper(II) nitrate

copper(II) nitrate

carnosine
305-84-0

carnosine

A

Cu(2+)*N2C3H3CH2CH(COO)NCOCH2CH2NH2(2-)={Cu(N2C3H3CH2CH(COO)NCOCH2CH2NH2)}

Cu(2+)*N2C3H3CH2CH(COO)NCOCH2CH2NH2(2-)={Cu(N2C3H3CH2CH(COO)NCOCH2CH2NH2)}

B

2Cu(2+)*N2C3H3CH2CH(CO2)NCOCH2CH2NH2(2-)={Cu2(N2C3H3CH2CH(COO)NCOCH2CH2NH2)}(2+)

2Cu(2+)*N2C3H3CH2CH(CO2)NCOCH2CH2NH2(2-)={Cu2(N2C3H3CH2CH(COO)NCOCH2CH2NH2)}(2+)

C

Cu(2+)*N2C3H3CH2CH(COOH)NHCOCH2CH2NH2={Cu(N2C3H3CH2CH(COOH)NHCOCH2CH2NH2)}(2+)

Cu(2+)*N2C3H3CH2CH(COOH)NHCOCH2CH2NH2={Cu(N2C3H3CH2CH(COOH)NHCOCH2CH2NH2)}(2+)

D

Cu(2+)*N2C3H3CH2CH(COO)NHCOCH2CH2NH2(1-)={Cu(N2C3H3CH2CH(COO)NHCOCH2CH2NH2)}(1+)

Cu(2+)*N2C3H3CH2CH(COO)NHCOCH2CH2NH2(1-)={Cu(N2C3H3CH2CH(COO)NHCOCH2CH2NH2)}(1+)

{Cu2(N2C3H3CH2CH(COO)NCOCH2CH2NH2)2}

{Cu2(N2C3H3CH2CH(COO)NCOCH2CH2NH2)2}

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With potassium nitrate In water reaction of copper nitrate and l-carnosine in water at 25°C in presence of KNO3 at different pH (3-8) and metal-ligand ratios;; not isolated; detn. by UV;;
1-{4-[(4-aminobutylaminooxy)methyl]-2,3-dichlorophenyl}-2-methylenebutan-1-one
1284258-81-6

1-{4-[(4-aminobutylaminooxy)methyl]-2,3-dichlorophenyl}-2-methylenebutan-1-one

carnosine
305-84-0

carnosine

C26H34Cl2N6O5
1284260-28-1

C26H34Cl2N6O5

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With O-(1H-benzotriazol-1-yl)-N,N,N',N'-tetramethyluronium hexafluorophosphate; N-ethyl-N,N-diisopropylamine In dimethyl sulfoxide Inert atmosphere;
carnosine
305-84-0

carnosine

(S)-S-((R)-2-acetamido-3-amino-3-oxopropyl)-2-(3-aminopropanamido)-3-(1H-imidazol-5-yl)propanethioate dihydrochloride

(S)-S-((R)-2-acetamido-3-amino-3-oxopropyl)-2-(3-aminopropanamido)-3-(1H-imidazol-5-yl)propanethioate dihydrochloride

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Multi-step reaction with 3 steps
1: sodium hydroxide / 1,3-dioxane; water / 0 - 20 °C / Inert atmosphere
2: triethylamine; 2,4,6-tripropyl-1,3,5,2,4,6-trioxatriphosphinane-2,4,6-trioxide / tetrahydrofuran; ethyl acetate / 20 °C / Inert atmosphere
3: hydrogenchloride / 1,3-dioxane / 20 °C / Inert atmosphere
View Scheme
carnosine
305-84-0

carnosine

tert-butyl 5-((S)-3-((R)-2-acetamido-3-amino-3-oxopropylthio)-2-(3-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)propanamido)-3-oxopropyl)-1H-imidazole-1-carboxylate
1538576-75-8

tert-butyl 5-((S)-3-((R)-2-acetamido-3-amino-3-oxopropylthio)-2-(3-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)propanamido)-3-oxopropyl)-1H-imidazole-1-carboxylate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps
1: sodium hydroxide / 1,3-dioxane; water / 0 - 20 °C / Inert atmosphere
2: triethylamine; 2,4,6-tripropyl-1,3,5,2,4,6-trioxatriphosphinane-2,4,6-trioxide / tetrahydrofuran; ethyl acetate / 20 °C / Inert atmosphere
View Scheme
carnosine
305-84-0

carnosine

(R)-methyl 2-acetamido-3-(((S)-2-(3-aminopropanamido)-3-(1H-imidazol-5-yl)propanoyl)thio)propanoate dihydrochloride

(R)-methyl 2-acetamido-3-(((S)-2-(3-aminopropanamido)-3-(1H-imidazol-5-yl)propanoyl)thio)propanoate dihydrochloride

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Multi-step reaction with 3 steps
1: sodium hydroxide / 1,3-dioxane; water / 0 - 20 °C / Inert atmosphere
2: benzotriazol-1-ol; dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide / ethyl acetate / 0 - 20 °C / Inert atmosphere
3: hydrogenchloride / 1,3-dioxane / 20 °C
View Scheme
carnosine
305-84-0

carnosine

5-[2-(2-acetylamino-2-methoxycarbonylethylsulfanylcarbonyl)-2-(3-tert-butoxycarbonylamino-propionylamino)ethyl]imidazole-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester
1538576-76-9

5-[2-(2-acetylamino-2-methoxycarbonylethylsulfanylcarbonyl)-2-(3-tert-butoxycarbonylamino-propionylamino)ethyl]imidazole-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps
1: sodium hydroxide / 1,3-dioxane; water / 0 - 20 °C / Inert atmosphere
2: benzotriazol-1-ol; dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide / ethyl acetate / 0 - 20 °C / Inert atmosphere
View Scheme
carnosine
305-84-0

carnosine

2-oxopropanal
78-98-8

2-oxopropanal

C22H29N8O6(1+)

C22H29N8O6(1+)

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In aq. phosphate buffer at 37℃; pH=7.4;
Glyoxal
131543-46-9

Glyoxal

carnosine
305-84-0

carnosine

A

C11H14N4O4

C11H14N4O4

B

C22H28N8O8

C22H28N8O8

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In aq. phosphate buffer at 37℃; pH=7.4;
malondialdehyde tetrabutylammonium salt
100683-54-3

malondialdehyde tetrabutylammonium salt

carnosine
305-84-0

carnosine

C12H16N4O4

C12H16N4O4

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In aq. phosphate buffer at 37℃; pH=7.4;
4-hydroxynon-2-enal
850480-50-1

4-hydroxynon-2-enal

carnosine
305-84-0

carnosine

A

C18H28N4O4

C18H28N4O4

B

N-(2-hydroxy-5-pentyltetrahydrofuran-yl)carnosine

N-(2-hydroxy-5-pentyltetrahydrofuran-yl)carnosine

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In aq. phosphate buffer at 37℃; pH=7.4;
zinc(II) acetate dihydrate
5970-45-6

zinc(II) acetate dihydrate

carnosine
305-84-0

carnosine

zinc L-carnosine
107667-60-7

zinc L-carnosine

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With sodium hydroxide In methanol at 50 - 60℃; for 1h; Temperature;12.8 g
carnosine
305-84-0

carnosine

C9H14N4O3(18)O

C9H14N4O3(18)O

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With copper(II) sulfate; ascorbic acid; oxygen-18 In aq. phosphate buffer at 20℃; for 0.0833333h; pH=7.2; Solvent;
carnosine
305-84-0

carnosine

C9H14N4O4

C9H14N4O4

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With oxygen; copper(II) sulfate; ascorbic acid In aq. phosphate buffer at 20℃; for 0.5h; pH=7.2; Solvent;

305-84-0Relevant articles and documents

Molecular identification of carnosine synthase as ATP-grasp domain-containing protein 1 (ATPGD1)

Drozak, Jakub,Veiga-da-Cunha, Maria,Vertommen, Didier,Stroobant, Vincent,Van Schaftingen, Emile

, p. 9346 - 9356 (2010)

Carnosine (β-alanyl-L-histidine) and homocarnosine (γ-aminobutyryl-L-histidine) are abundant dipeptides in skeletal muscle and brain of most vertebrates and some invertebrates. The formation of both compounds is catalyzed by carnosine synthase, which is thought to convert ATP to AMP and inorganic pyrophosphate, and whose molecular identity is unknown. In the present work, we have purified carnosine synthase from chicken pectoral muscle about 1500-fold until only two major polypeptides of 100 and 90 kDa were present in the preparation. Mass spectrometry analysis of these polypeptides did not yield any meaningful candidate. Carnosine formation catalyzed by the purified enzyme was accompanied by a stoichiometric formation, not of AMP, but of ADP, suggesting that carnosine synthase belongs to the "ATP-grasp family" of ligases. A data base mining approach identified ATPGD1 as a likely candidate. As this protein was absent from chicken protein data bases, we reconstituted its sequence from a PCR-amplified cDNA and found it to fit with the 100-kDa polypeptide of the chicken carnosine synthase preparation. Mouse and human ATPGD1 were expressed in HEK293T cells, purified to homogeneity, and shown to catalyze the formation of carnosine, as confirmed by mass spectrometry, and of homocarnosine. Specificity studies carried out on all three enzymes were in agreement with published data. In particular, they acted with 15-25-fold higher catalytic efficiencies on β-alanine than on γ-aminobutyrate. The identification of the gene encoding carnosine synthase will help for a better understanding of the biological functions of carnosine and related dipeptides, which still remain largely unknown.

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Kroll,Hoberman

, p. 2511 (1953)

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Solid-phase peptide synthesis of dipeptide (histidine-β-Alanine) as a chelating agent by using trityl chloride resin, for removal of Al3+, Cu2+, Hg2+ and Pb2+: Experimental and theoretical study

Rahimi, Rahmatollah,Khosravi, Maryam,Tehrani, Mohammd H. H.,Rabbani, Mahboubeh,Safavi, Ebrahim

, p. 1814 - 1819 (2016)

Solid-phase peptide synthesis of dipeptide (histidine-β-Alanine) as a chelating agent examined by common N-9-fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl-N-Trityl-L-histidine and tert-butyloxycarbonyl-β-Alanine-OH amino acid derivatives. Trityl chloride resin was used as a carrier resin. The molecular structure of the dipeptide was definite by using different methods such as ultraviolet visible (UV-Vis), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), proton (1H) nuclear magnetic ressonance (NMR) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and the chelating property of synthesized dipeptide was investigated for removing of metal ions Al3+, Cu2+, Hg2+ and Pb2+ in vitro. In addition, the pharmacological and biological activities of dipeptide were examined by prediction of activity spectra for substances (PASS) program.

METHODS AND COMPOSITIONS FOR RAPIDLY DECREASING EPIGENETIC AGE AND RESTORATION OF MORE YOUTHFUL FUNCTION

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, (2020/03/01)

Disclosed are methods and compositions of reducing the epigenetic age of mammalian organism, especially an adult human of geriatric age. The methods provide for the proliferation of endogenous stem cells using mitochondrial fusion and a UCP2 blocker or other stimulants; supplying stem cells with nutrition to prevent cell cycle arrest; and removal of senescent somatic cells using senolytic treatments. The proliferation of endogenous neural stem cells after plaque removal for the treatment of Alzheimer's is also disclosed.

METHOD FOR PRODUCING L-CARNOSINE DERIVATIVE AND L-CARNOSINE

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, (2019/12/05)

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a convenient method for producing a high-purity N-protected L-carnosine derivative and L-carnosine. SOLUTION: A production method includes reacting an acid halide (1) with an L-histidine derivative (2). (R1 and R2 are H or a protection group of an amino group; X is a halogen atom). (A TMS group is a trimethylsilyl group). SELECTED DRAWING: None COPYRIGHT: (C)2020,JPOandINPIT

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