594
R.V. Singh et al. / Spectrochimica Acta Part A 70 (2008) 587–594
Table 8
Effect of ligands and organotin(IV) complexes on sperm dynamics and fertility of male rats (values are expressed as mean S.E.M.)
Group
Treatment
Sperm molality (Cauda epididymis) (%)
Sperm density (million/ml)
Fertility %
Testes
Cauda epididymis
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
Control
86.85 3.8
5.17, 0.63
3.69a, 0.22
3.51a, 0.51
3.86b, 0.48
4.23b, 0.41
0.78a, 0.11
0.95a, 0.12
3.16b, 0.28
2.63a, 0.22
1.46a, 0.25
0.99a, 0.13
2.32a, 0.49
2.88a, 0.38
63.26, 2.9
45.28a, 2.9
48.19a, 3.1
50.28b, 3.6
53.25b, 3.7
21.11a, 2.6
23.91a, 2.1
38.16b, 2.8
34.41a, 3.7
22.76a, 3.2
23.68a, 2.9
31.89a, 3.3
36.55a, 2.8
100(+)
60(−)
58(−)
55(−)
48(−)
95(−)
90(−)
78(−)
83(−)
92(−)
90(−)
85(−)
80(−)
L1H
43.18a
45.98a
46.62b
61.50b
25.17a
28.63a
40.22b
38.48a
26.53a
29.06a
36.23a
39.91a
3.2
2.8
2.9
1.7
1.8
2.2
2.5
3.1
2.5
1.8
3.1
2.7
L2H
L3H
L4H
Me2Sn(L1)Cl
Me2Sn(L1)2
Me2Sn(L2)Cl
Me2Sn(L2)2
Me2Sn(L3)Cl
Me2Sn(L3)2
Me2Sn(L4)Cl
Me2Sn(L4)2
J
K
L
M
Mean S.E.M. of 10 animals. ap ≤ 0.001 highly significant; bp ≤ 0.01 significant; csignificant; dose = 2 mg/kg between day−1 for 60 days.
fungicidal screening data that the metal complexes are more
fungitoxic than the ligands themselves. Further, it was noted
that the lower concentrations of the compounds could check
the organisms is comparatively more inhibited.
plex; the testicular sperm density also diminished significantly
(p ≤ 0.001) from 5.17 0.63 to 0.78 0.11 in testes, and from
The fertility percent varied between 100% positive to
95% negative. These results may also be correlated with the
well-known fact that sulphur-containing compounds produce
infertility in male rats [18]. Thus, it can be postulated that coor-
dination through sulphur atoms induces the sterilizing activity
in the biological systems.
3.5.2. Antibacterial activity
The bactericidal data reported in Table 7 indicate that the
activity of the ligand was appreciably enhanced on complex-
ation with organotin(IV) halide. This may be explained by
chelation theory [17], according to which chelation reduces
the polarity of the central metal atom because of partial shar-
ing of its positive charge with the donor groups and possible
-electron delocalization within the whole chelate ring. This
chelation increases the lipophilic nature of the central atom,
which favors the permeation of the complexes through the lipid
layer of the cell membrane. Compounds inhibit the growth
of bacteria to greater extent as concentration is increased.
Also, the complexes of 4-nitrobenzanilidethiosemcarbzone
and 4-nitrobenzanilidesemicarbazone were found to possess
higher activity than 4-chlorobenzanilidethiosemicarbazone and
4-chlorobenzanilidesemicarbazone.
From the bactericidal activity, it is apparent that the com-
plexes were more toxic towards Gram (+) strains than Gram
(−) strains. The reason is the difference in the structures of the
cell walls. The walls of Gram (−) cells are more complex than
those of Gram (+) cells. Lipopolysacharides form an outer lipid
of Gram (−) cells.
Acknowledgement
The authors are thankful to CSIR, New Delhi for financial
assistance in the form of grant no. 01 (1956)/EMR-II.
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