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RUDYAKOVA et al.
Scheme 1.
R = Me, CF3; I, R1 = 4-ClC6H4SO2 (a), EtOC(O) (b), MeC(O) (c), PhC(O) (d); II, X = O, R2 = R3 = H (a); X = O, R2 = H,
R3 = Me (b); X = O, R2 = R3 = Me (c); X = O, R2 = Cl, R3 = Me (d); X = S, R2 = R3 = H (e); X = S, R2 = H, R3 = Me (f);
X = S, R2 = R3 = Me (g); III, X = O, R1 = 4-ClC6H4SO2, R2 = H, R3 = Me; IV, X = O, R1 = EtOC(O), R2 = H, R3 = Me;
V, X = O, R1 = MeC(O), R2 = H, R3 = Me; VI, X = O, R1 = PhC(O), R2 = H, R3 = Me; VII, X = O, R1 = EtOC(O), R2 =
R3 = Me; VIII, X = O, R1 = PhC(O), R2 = R3 = Me; IX, X = O, R1 = PhC(O), R2 = Cl, R3 = Me; X, X = O, R1 = 4-ClC6H4SO2,
R2 = R3 = H; XI, X = O, R1 = EtOC(O), R2 = R3 = H; XII, X = S, R1 = 4-ClC6H4SO2, R2 = H, R3 = Me; XIII, X = S, R1 =
EtOC(O), R2 = H, R3 = Me; XIV, X = S, R1 = MeC(O), R2 = H, R3 = Me; XV, X = S, R1 = PhC(O), R2 = H, R3 = Me;
XVI, X = S, R1 = EtOC(O), R2 = R3 = Me; XVII, X = S, R1 = 4-ClC6H4SO2, R2 = R3 = H.
pounds were taken in a 3 6-fold excess with respect
to I and II, so that they played the role of solvent.
Also a mixture of sulfonic acid (100 to 200 mol %
relative to I and II) with chloroform at a volume ratio
of 1:1 was used.
A considerable success was reached by carrying out
the reaction in methanesulfonic acid, the molar ratio
II MeSO3H being 1:6 (20 C, 3 10 h). In this case,
products III XVII were formed in 75 93% yield
(method A). The use of trifluoromethanesulfonic acid
as solvent (molar ratio II CF3SO3H 1:1 4; 20 to
50 C; 3 to 72 h) did not increase the yield of III
XVII, but the corresponding amides XVIIIa XVIIId
were obtained in 5 80% yield. We succeeded in
effecting successful amidoalkylation of compounds
IIa IIg with amides Ia Id in a mixture of trifluoro-
methanesulfonic acid with chloroform. The maximal
yields of compounds III XVII (75 94%) and the
minimal yields (0.5 5%) of amides XVIIIa XVIIId
were attained when the reaction was carried out at
20 C (3 5 h) in a mixture of equal volumes of tri-
fluoromethanesulfonic acid (molar ratio CF3SO3H II
2 3:1) and chloroform (method B).
Amides Ia Id failed to react with compounds
IIa IIg in chloroform in the presence of 10 60 mol %
of methane- or trifluoromethanesulfonic acid both at
20 and at 50 C even when the reaction was prolonged
to 3 days. Apart from the initial reactants, we isolated
products of decomposition of N-(2,2,2-trichloro-1-
hydroxyethyl) derivatives Ia Id, the corresponding
unsubstituted amides: 4-chlorobenzenesulfonamide
(XVIIIa), ethyl carbamate (XVIIIb), acetamide
(XVIIIc), and benzamide (XVIIId). The fraction of
amides XVIII increased with rise in temperature and
reaction time: at 20 C (72 h), the yield of XVIII was
5 10%, and at 50 C (5 72 h), 50%.
Thus, using methane- or trifluoromethanesulfonic
acid as solvent or co-solvent in the reactions of
N-(2,2,2-trichloro-1-hydroxyethyl)amides Ia Id with
aroxy(arylsulfanyl)acetic acids or their esters IIa IIg
we succeeded in developing a preparative procedure
for synthesizing difficultly accessible functionalized
aroxy- and arylsulfanylacetic acid derivatives III
XVII in 75 94% yield. We believe that these reac-
tions are favored by homogeneous reaction medium
(acids and esters II are readily soluble in methane-
and trifluoromethanesulfonic acids [14]), as well as by
the strong protonating ability of these sulfonic acids.
In fact, trifluoromethanesulfonic acid (H0 = 14.1) is
When the reaction was carried out in a 1:1 (by
volume) mixture of methanesulfonic acid and chloro-
form at a MeSO3H-to-I(II) molar ratio of 1:1 to
1:3 4 (20 C, 10 20 h), target products III XVII
were formed in up to 50% yield. Also, up to 10% of
amides XVIIIa XVIIId and up to 5% of initial
reactants (hydroxyethyl amides I and esters or acids
II) were isolated. Increase of the reaction time to 72 h
favored formation of amides XVIIIa XVIIId.
Heating of the reaction mixture to 50 C resulted in
formation of up to 50% of amides XVIIIa XVIIId,
while the yield of target products III XVII did not
exceed 50%.
RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY Vol. 39 No. 12 2003