Synthesis of some new 4-amino-1,2,4-triazole derivatives as potential anti-HIV and anti-HBV

Article abstract of DOI:10.1080/10426500490463989

Some novel [1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazolylisoindole-1,3-dione 2a-c were prepared by heating 4-amino-5-aryl-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiones 1a-c with different (1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-isoindol-2-yl) carboxylic acids in POCl ₃. Compounds 2a,b were hydrolyzed using HCl to yield, [1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazolyl-alkylamines 3a,b. Coupling 1a,c with 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-α-D-glucopyranosyl bromide (ABG) afforded the corresponding S-glucosides 4a,b, which on oxidation with KMnO₄ gave the corresponding sulfone 5. Treatment 1b,c with diphenyl diazomethane afforded benzhydrylsulfanyltriazolylamines 7a,b. 1,8-Bis-(4-chloro-phenyl)-bis[1,2,4] triazolo[3,4-c-,4′,3′-e][1,2,4,5]dithiadiazine 8 was formed by oxidation of 1b with lead tetracetate. Compound 1c reacted with morpholine in the presence of KI and I₂ to give the triazolodisulfide 9.

Full text of DOI:10.1080/10426500490463989

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Phosphorus, Sulfur, and Silicon and the Related
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SYNTHESIS OF SOME NEW 4-AMINO-1,2,4-TRIAZOLE
DERIVATIVES AS POTENTIAL ANTI-HIV AND ANTI-HBV
A. A. El-Barbary a , A. Z. Abou-El-Ezz a , A. A. Abdel-Kader a , Mai El-Daly b & Claus Nielsen c
a Chemistry Department, Tanta, Egypt
b Molecular Biology Unit, National Liver Institute, Shebin El-Kom, Egypt
c Retrovirus Laboratory and Department of Virology, State Serum Institute, Copenhagen,
Denmark
Published online: 16 Aug 2010.
To cite this article: A. A. El-Barbary , A. Z. Abou-El-Ezz , A. A. Abdel-Kader , Mai El-Daly & Claus Nielsen (2004) SYNTHESIS OF
SOME NEW 4-AMINO-1,2,4-TRIAZOLE DERIVATIVES AS POTENTIAL ANTI-HIV AND ANTI-HBV, Phosphorus, Sulfur, and Silicon and
the Related Elements, 179:8, 1497-1508, DOI: 10.1080/10426500490463989
To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10426500490463989
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Phosphorus, Sulfur, and Silicon, 179:1497–1508, 2004
ꢀC
Copyright Taylor & Francis Inc.
ISSN: 1042-6507 print / 1563-5325 online
DOI: 10.1080/10426500490463989
SYNTHESIS OF SOME NEW 4-AMINO-1,2,4-TRIAZOLE
DERIVATIVES AS POTENTIAL ANTI-HIV
AND ANTI-HBV
A. A. El-Barbary,a A. Z. Abou-El-Ezz,a A. A. Abdel-Kader,a
Mai El-Daly,b and Claus Nielsenc
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University,
Tanta, Egypt;a Molecular Biology Unit, National Liver Institute,
Minutia University, Shebin El-Kom, Egypt;b and
Retrovirus Laboratory, Department of Virology,
State Serum Institute, Copenhagen, Denmarkc
(Received August 16, 2003; accepted January 1, 2004)
Some novel [1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazolylisoindole-1,3-dione
2a–c were prepared by heating 4-amino-5-aryl-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiones
1a–c with different (1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-isoindol-2-yl) carboxylic
acids in POCl3. Compounds 2a,b were hydrolyzed using HCl to
yield [1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazolyl-alkylamines 3a,b. Cou-
pling 1a,c with 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-α-D-glucopyranosyl bromide
(ABG) afforded the corresponding S-glucosides 4a,b, which on ox-
idation with KMnO4 gave the corresponding sulfone 5. Treatment
1b,c with diphenyl diazomethane afforded benzhydrylsulfanyltriazoly-
lamines 7a,b. 1,8-Bis-(4-chloro-phenyl)-bis[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-c-,4ꢁ,3ꢁ-
e][1,2,4,5]dithiadiazine 8 was formed by oxidation of 1b with lead
tetracetate. Compound 1c reacted with morpholine in the presence of
KI and I2 to give the triazolodisulfide 9.
Keywords: 1,2,4-Triazoles; (1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydroisoindol-2-yl)carbo-
xylic acids; diphenyldiazomethane; HBV; HIV
INTRODUCTION
Triazoles and their condensed systems have found considerable use in
the photographic industry1 and were reported to possess significant
antifungal and antibacterial properties.2,3 They also showed strong
The authors are thankful to the Danish International Development Agency (DANIDA)
for their support.
Address correspondence to A. A. El-Barbary, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sci-
ence, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt. E-mail: aaelbarbary@hotmail.com
1497

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A. A. El-Barbary et al.
CNS depressant4 and mild-to-moderate antiinflammatory, hypoc-
holesteremic, and hypertensive activities.5,6 Triazoles also inhibited
the HIV replication in vitro based on nonnucleoside reverse transcrip-
tase inhibitors of action.7 In addition, they act as antimicrobial and
antibacterial agents. These results prompted us to continue our ear-
lier work8−10 of synthesizing some other new derivatives for evaluating
their biological activity as anti-HIV and anti-HBV drugs.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Heating compounds 1a–c with (1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydroisoindol-2-yl)-
4-methyl-pentanoic acid and/or acetic acid (prepared according to
Okuda et al.11) in POCl3 at 80◦C gave 2-(3-aryl-[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-
b][1,3,4]thiadiazol-6-ylalkyl)isoindol-1,3-diones (2a–c). Hydrolysis of
compounds 2a,b with hydrochloric acid afforded 3-methyl-1-(3-p-tolyl-
[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b]thiadiazol-6-ylalkyl amines (3a,b).12 IR spectra of
2a–c showed the existence of two carbonyl groups in the range of
1718–1778 cm−1 1H NMR spectra showed the presence of a signal
,
at 5.24–5.85 ppm (s, 2H, CH2), and the 13C NMR spectra showed
the existence of C O at 167.03–168.69 ppm. The structure of com-
pounds 3a,b was confirmed by elemental analysis and different spec-
troscopic data (IR, 1H, 13C NMR, and MS). The IR spectra showed the
1
existence of NH2 in the range of 3307–3391 cm−1, H NMR showed
the appearance of NH2 signal at 3.27 and 2.25 ppm, and 13C NMR
showed the absence of C O signals. Coupling 1b,c with 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-
acetyl-α-D-glucopyranosyl bromide (ABG) in potassium hydroxide solu-
tion at room temperature yielded 4-amino-5-aryl-3-(2ꢁ,3ꢁ,4ꢁ,6ꢁ)-tetra-O-
acetyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl-thio-1,2,4-triazoles (4a,b). The structures of
compounds 4a,b were confirmed by elemental analyses and different
spectroscopic data. Their IR showed sharp bands due to (C O) at
1752 cm−1 and bands due to NH2 in the range of 3436–3437 cm−1
.
The 1H NMR showed the presence of 4 characteristic signals due
to four acetyl groups CH3CO (s) of the sugar moiety in the range
of 1.85–2.11 ppm, a doublet due to the anomeric proton at 5.61–
5.63 ppm with J constants of 10.09 and 10.1 Hz, confirming a β-
configuration and a singlet due to NH2 at 6.02 and 6.10 ppm. MS
spectra of compounds 4a,b showed m/z 556 (M+, 1.8%) and 552 (M+,
1%) (Scheme 1). The structure of the S-glucoside 4b was further con-
firmed by its oxidation with potassium permanganate to afford the
corresponding sulfone (5). Its IR spectrum showed two bands due to
SO2 at 1040 and 1223 cm−1. Deblocking of 4a,b using sodium methox-
ide at room temperature yielded the aglycones 1a,b instead of the

New 4-Amino-1,2,4-triazole Derivatives
1499
desired deblocked 2-[4-amino-5-aryl-4H-[1,2,4]triazol-3-ylsulfanyl]-6-
hydroxymethyl-tetrahydropy-ran-3,4,5-triol 6 (Scheme 1).
SCHEME 1
Refluxing 1b,c with diphenyl diazomethane (prepared according to
Smith and Howard14) in anhydrous benzene gave 3-benzhydrylsul-
fanyl-5-aryl[1,2,4]triazol-4-ylamines (7a,b). IR spectra showed CH
bands in the range of 2924–2936 cm−1 and NH2 bands in the range of
3434–3435 cm−1. 1H NMR spectra showed a singlet (CH) in the range of
7.16–7.37 ppm, and 13C NMR spectra showed CH signals at 64.16 and
64.13 ppm. Dash et al.15 reported that oxidation of 4-amino-5-phenyl-
1,2,4-triazole-3-thione with lead tetraacetate (LTA) afforded 1,8-bis-
phenyl-bis[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-C,4ꢁ,3ꢁ-e][1,2,4,5]dithiadiazine. Similarly,

1500
A. A. El-Barbary et al.
oxidation of 1b under the same reaction conditions afforded the corre-
sponding bis-triazolodithidiazine 8. The 1HNMR and 13CNMR spectra
of 8 could not be obtained due to its insolubility in hot DMSO. The IR
spectrum of 8 showed the C Cl band at 742 cm−1, C N at 1650 cm−1
,
and CH at 2922 cm−1. The microanalytical data is also in accord with
the structure.
Compound 1c reacted with morpholine in the presence of potas-
sium iodide and iodine at room temperature to afford unexpectedly the
disulfide 9 instead of the desired 3-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-5-(morpholin-4-
ylsulfanyl)-[1,2,4]triazol-4-ylamine 1016 (Scheme 2).
SCHEME 2
BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY
The test for activity against HIV-1 was performed in MT4 cell cultures
infected with either wild-type HIV-1 (strain IIIB) or nonnucleoside

New 4-Amino-1,2,4-triazole Derivatives
1501
TABLE I IC and CC at 50% Inhibitions Against HBV
Cpd. no.
IC50 µMa
CC50 µMb
3a
4a
7a
35
63
40
>100
>100
>100
a50% Inhibitory concentration required to inhibit HBV.
b50% Cytotoxic concentration.
reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs)-resistant HIV-1 (strain
N119) that possessed a substitution of cysteine for tyrosine at position
181 in the reverse transcriptase enzyme (Cys181Tyr mutant strain).
The test for hepatitis B virus (HBV) was performed in the hepatoplas-
toma cell line HepG2-2.2.15 to evaluate the antiviral effect of the tested
compounds against HBV. The cells were incubated in growth medium
(RPMI-1640, 10% heat, in activated fetal-calf serum (FCS) and antibi-
otic) at 37◦C, 5% CO2 with and without test compounds.
All the synthesized new compounds were tested against HIV-1 and
HBV. None of the tested compounds showed any significant antiviral
activity at 100 µM against HIV-1.
Compounds 3a, 4a, and 7a showed a moderate activity against HBV
as shown in Table I. The rest of the tested compounds showed no sig-
nificant antiviral activity against HBV (Table I).
EXPERIMENTAL
All melting points were uncorrected and performed by the open capil-
lary melting point apparatus. Microanalyses were performed by Micro-
analytic Unit, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Egypt. IR spectra
were recorded with a Perkin-Elmer spectrometer. The NMR spectra
were recorded on a bruker AC 250 FT NMR spectrometer using TMS
as an internal standard. Mass spectra (MS) were recorded using elec-
tron ionization (EI) on a Varian Mat 311A spectrometer.
Synthesis of 2-(3-Aryl-[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b]
[1,3,4]thiadiazol-6-yl)isoindole-1,3-diones (2a--c)
To a solution of 1a,c (0.01 mol) in phosphorus oxychloride (20 ml)
was added, in portions, (1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-isoindol-2-yl) acetic acid
and/or 4-methylpentanoic acid (0.01 mol). Then the reaction mixture
was heated at 80◦C for 2 h until the starting materials were consumed
(tlc). The reaction mixture was cooled, and sodium hydroxide solution

1502
A. A. El-Barbary et al.
(1%) was added until a solid product was formed. The solid was filtered
off, washed with water, dried, and recrystallized to give 2a–c.
2-(3-p-Tolyl-[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazol-6-
ylmethyl)isoindole-1,3-dione (2a)
Yield 2.9 g (80%) [MeOH]; m.p., 240–242◦C; IR (KBr): ν (cm−1): 1718
(C O), 1778 (COMe); 1H NMR (DMSO-d6): δ 2.12 (s, 3H, CH3), 5.24 (s,
2H, CH2), 7.39–8.06 (m, 8H, Harom); 13C NMR (DMSO-d6): 20.97 (CH3),
37.72 (CH2), 122.50–140.20 (Carom), 167.03 (CO) ppm; Ms (EI): m/z 375
(M+, 100%). Anal. Calcd. for C19H12N5O2S: C, 60.95; H, 3.23; N, 18.71.
Found: C, 60.92; H, 3.73; N, 18.34.
2-(3-p-Tolyl-[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazol-
6-ylbutyl)-isoindole-1,3-dione (2b)
Yield 3.5 g (83%) [P.E. 80–100◦C]; m.p., 138–140◦C; IR (KBr): ν
1
(cm−1) 1718 (C O); H NMR (DMSO-d6): δ 0.96 (d, 6H, 2CH3), 1.63
(m, 1H, HCHCH(CH3)2), 2.17 (m, 1H, HCHCH(CH3)2), 2.34 (s, 3H,
CH3), 2.53 (m, 1H, CH(CH3)2), 5.85 (m, 1H, NCHC N), 7.38 (d, 2H,
H
arom), 7.49–8.05 (m, 6H, Harom); 13C NMR (DMSO-d6): 20.91 (CH3),
21.09 (CH3CHCH3) 22.48 (CH3-Ar), 24.46 (CHCH2CH(CH3)2), 38.46
(CHCH2CH(CH3)2), 49.25 (CHCH2CH(CH3)2), 122.79–140.09 (Carom),
145.18 (C N) 168.84 (CO) ppm; Ms (EI) m/z 431 (M+, 100%). Anal.
Calcd. for C23H21N5O2S: C, 64.02; H, 4.91; N, 16.23. Found: C, 64.12;
H, 4.91; N, 16.74.
2-(3-p-Anisyl-[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazol-6-
ylbutyl)isoindole-1,3-dione (2c)
Yield 2.9 g (67%) [MeOH]; m.p., 155–157◦C; IR (KBr): ν (cm−1) 1718
1
(C O), 1778 (COMe); H NMR (DMSO-d6): δ 0.97 (d, 3H, CH3),1.00
(d, 3H, CH3), 1.63 (1H, HCHCH(CH3)2), 2.17 (1H, HCHCH(CH3)2),
2.53 (m, 1H, CHCH2CH(CH3)2), 3.57 (s, 3H, CH3O), 5.85 (m, 1H,
CHCH2CH(CH3)2), 7.15 (d, 2H, Harom), 7.95 (m, 4H, Harom), 8.11
(d, 2H, Harom); 13C NMR (DMSO-d6): 21.13 (CH3CHCH3), 22.51
(CH3CHCH3), 24.47 (CHCH2CH(CH3)2), 38.41 (CHCH2CH(CH3)2),
49.27 (CHCH2CH(CH3)2), 55.27 (CH3O), 114.51–134.97 (Carom), 145.05
(C N) 168.69 (CO) ppm; Ms (EI) m/z 447 (M+, 100%). Anal. Calcd. for
C23H21N5O3S: C, 61.73; H, 4.73; N, 15.65. Found: C, 61.72; H, 4.23; N,
15.30.
Hydrolysis of Compounds 2a,b: Formation
of (3-p-Tolyl-[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]-
thiadiazol-6-yl)alkyl Amines (3a,b)
A suspension of 2a,b (0.01 mol) in aqueous hydrochloric acid 30% (25 ml)
was refluxed for 4 h, the reaction mixture was cooled and filtered, and

New 4-Amino-1,2,4-triazole Derivatives
1503
the filtrate was neutralized using potassium hydroxide solution (10%).
The precipitate formed was filtered off, dried, and recrystallized to give
3a,b.
C-(3-p-Tolyl-[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]-
thiadiazol-6-yl)methylamine (3a)
Yield 1.2 g (50%) [EtOH]; m.p., 190–192◦C; IR (KBr): ν (cm−1) 3372
(NH2, sym), 3307 (NH2, antisym);1H NMR (DMSO-d6): δ 2.42 (s, 3H,
CH3), 3.27 (s, 2H, NH2), 4.16 (s, 2H, CH2), 7.41 (d, 2H, Harom), 8.11
(d, 2H, Harom); 13C NMR (DMSO-d6): 20.92 (CH3), 41.04 (CH2), 122.73–
179.21 (Carom) ppm. Anal. Calcd. for C11H11N5S: C, 53.86; H, 4.52; N,
28.55. Found: C, 53.74; H, 4.43; N, 28.21.
3-Methyl-1-(3-p-tolyl-[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b]
[1,3,4]thiadiazol-6-yl)butylamine (3b)
Yield 1.7 g (58%) [MeOH]; m.p., 98–100◦C; IR (KBr): ν (cm−1) 3391
1
(NH2, sym), 3326 (NH2, antisym); H NMR (DMSO-d6): δ 0.97 (d, 3H,
CH3), δ 1.00 (d, 3H, CH3), 1.70 (m, 2H, CHCH CH(CH3)2), 1.90 (m,
2
1H, CHCH2CH(CH3)2), 2.42 (s, 3H, CH -Ar), 2.75 (s, 2H, NH2), 4.26
3
(m, 1H, CHCH2CH(CH3)2), 7.42 (d, 2H, Harom), 8.12 (d, 2H, Harom); 13
C
NMR (DMSO-d6): 20.93 (CHCH3), 21.45 (CH3CHCH3), 22.89 (CH3-Ar),
23.81 (CH2CH(CH3)2), 45.63 (CHCH2CH(CH3)2), 50.06 (CH(CH3)2),
122.79–182.24 (Carom) ppm; Ms (EI): m/z 301 (M+, 100%). Anal. Calcd.
for C15H19N5S: C, 59.77; H, 6.35; N, 23.23. Found: C, 59.52; H, 6.13; N,
23.02. Hrms. Calcd. 301, 1361; Found, 301.17431.
Preparation of 4-Amino-5-aryl-3-(2ꢀ,3ꢀ,4ꢀ,6ꢀ-tetra-O-
acetyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-thio-1,2,4-triazoles (4a,b)
To a solution of potassium hydroxide (0.56 g, 0.01 mol) in water (5 ml),
compounds 1b and/or 1c (0.01 mol) were added, and a solution of ABG
(4.5 g, 0.011 mol) in acetone (30 ml) was added dropwise, and the reac-
tion mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 h until the starting
material was consumed (tlc). The reaction mixture poured into a cooled
water and the solid formed was filtered off, washed with water, dried,
and recrystallized from ethanol afforded 4a,b.
4-Amino-5-p-chlorophenyl-3-(2ꢀ,3ꢀ,4ꢀ,6ꢀ-tetra-O-acetyl-
β-D-glucopyranosyl)thio-1,2,4-triazole (4a)
Yield 4.3 g (78%); m.p., 160–162◦C; IR (KBr): ν (cm−1) 1752
(CO), 3436 (NH2, sym), 3375 (NH2, antisym); 1H NMR (DMSO-d6):
δ 1.85, 1.91, 2.0, 2.11 (4s, 12H, 4CH3CO), 4.08 (s, 2H, C6ꢁH2), 4.12
(m, 1H, Cꢁ4H), 5.00 (m, 1H, Cꢁ2H), 5.40 (t, 1H, Cꢁ3H), 5.61 (d, 1H,

1504
A. A. El-Barbary et al.
J
10.09 Hz, Hꢁ1Hanomeric), 6.13 (s, 2H, NH2), 7.62 (d, 2H, Harom), 8.11
(d, 2H, Harom); 13C NMR (DMSO-d6): 20.19 (CH3, Cꢁ6), 20.25 (CH3, Cꢁ4)
20.28 (CH3, Cꢁ2) 20.34 (CH3, Cꢁ3), 61.64, 67.59, 69.79, 72.74, 74.61, and
82.37 (Cꢁ6, Cꢁ4, Cꢁ2, Cꢁ3, Cꢁ5, and Cꢁ1anomeric, respectively), 125.52–134.65
(Carom), 149.04(C1 N), 153.29, (C2 N), 169.07, 169.17, 169.42, 169.87
(4CO) ppm; Ms (EI): m/z 556 (M+, 1.8%), 177 (100%). Anal. Calcd. for
C22H25ClN4O9S: C, 47.44; H, 4.52; N, 10.06. Found: C, 47.35; H, 4.63;
N, 9.91. Hrms: Found: 555.9850, Calcd. 556.1030.
4-Amino-5-p-anisyl-3-(2ꢀ,3ꢀ,4ꢀ,6ꢀ-tetra-O-acetyl-β-
D-glucopyranosyl-thio)-1,2,4-triazole (4b)
Yield 4.1 g (85%); m.p., 80–82◦C; IR (KBr): ν (cm−1) 1752 (CO), 3437
(NH2, sym), 3375 (NH2, antisym); 1H NMR (DMSO-d6): δ 1.85, 1.91, 2.0,
2.11 (4s, 12H, 4CH3CO), 4.08 (s, 2H, Cꢁ6H2), 4.15 (m, 1H, C4ꢁ H), 5.00 (m,
1H, Cꢁ2H), 5.31 (t, 1H, Cꢁ3H), 5.63 (d, 1H, J = 10.1 Hz, H1ꢁHanomeric),
6.02 (s, 2H, NH2), 7.08 (d, 2H, Harom), 8.01 (d, 2H, Harom); 13C NMR
(DMSO-d6): 20.20 (CH3, Cꢁ6), 20.25 (CH3, Cꢁ4) 20.29 (CH3, Cꢁ2) 20.35
(CH3, Cꢁ3), 61.66, 67.64, 69.81, 72.74, 74.59, and 82.52 (Cꢁ6, Cꢁ4, Cꢁ2,
Cꢁ3, Cꢁ5 & Cꢁ1anomeric), 113.83–129.36 (Carom), 148.104 (C1 N) 154.09
(C2 N), 169.08, 169.19, 169.43, and 169.90 (4CO) ppm; Ms (EI): m/z
552 (M+, 1%), 43 (100%). Anal. Calcd. for C23H28N4O10S: C, 50.00; H,
5.11; N, 10.14. Found: C, 49.91; H, 5.21; N, 10.13.
4-Amino-5-p-anisyl-3-(2ꢀ,3ꢀ,4ꢀ,6ꢀ-tetra-O-acetyl-β-
D-glucopyranosyl-sulfonyl)-1,2,4-triazole (5)
To a solution of 4b (1.1 g, 0.002 mol) in glacial acetic acid (25 ml) was
added gradually with stirring a solution of potassium permanganate
(0.06 g, 0.004 mol) in water (10 ml) for 30 min. Stirring was continued for
5 h at room temperature, and the mixture was then poured into crushed
ice. The solid formed was collected and recrystallized from ethanol to
afford 5. Yield 3.1 g (54%); m.p., 60–62◦C; IR (KBr): ν (cm−1) 1040,
1
1223 (SO2) 1749 (C O), 3426 (NH2, sym), 3375 (NH2, antisym); H
NMR (DMSO-d6): δ 1.85, 1.91, 2.03, 2.16 (4s, 12H, 4CH3CO), 4.08 (s,
2H, Cꢁ6H2), 4.12 (m, 1H, Cꢁ4H), 5.00 (m, 1H, C2ꢁ H), 5.32 (t, 1H, Cꢁ3H),
5.6 (d, 1H, J = 10.1 Hz, Cꢁ1Hanomeric), 6.02 (s, 2H, NH2), 7.08 (d, 2H,
Harom), 8.01 (d, 2H, Harom); 13C NMR (DMSO-d6): 20.20, 20.25, 20.29,
and 20.35 (4CH3), 61.66, 67.64, 69.81, 72.74, 74.59, and 82.52 (Cꢁ6, Cꢁ4,
Cꢁ2, Cꢁ3, Cꢁ5, and Cꢁ1anomeric), 113.83–129.36 (Carom), 148.10 (C1 N),
154.09 (C2 N), 169.08, 169.19, 169.43, and 169.90 (4CO) ppm. Anal.
Calcd. for C23H28N4O12S: C, 47.26; H, 4.83; N, 9.58. Found: C, 47.0; H,
4.29; N, 9.41.

New 4-Amino-1,2,4-triazole Derivatives
1505
Deblocking of 4a,b
Each of Compounds 4a,b (0.01 mol) was dissolved in 35 ml methanol,
and two drops of 0.01 N sodium methoxide solution were added. The
reaction mixture was left at 20◦C for 5 h until the starting material
was consumed (tlc). The solvent was evaporated in vacuum, and the
residual solid was dissolved in water neutralized with dill HCl. The solid
formed was filtered off, washed with water, dried, and recrystallized
from ethanol to give the starting materials 1a,b. 1a Yield 60%; m.p.,
205–207◦C. 1b Yield 76%; m.p., 211–213◦C. (Their mixed melting points
with authentic samples of 1a and 1b give no depression).
Synthesis of 3-Benzhydrylsalfanyl-5-aryl-
[1,2,4]triazol-4-ylamines (7a,b)
A solution of diphenyl diazomethane (1.95 g, 0.01 mol) in anhydrous
benzene (20 ml) was added to a suspension of 1b and/or 1c (0.01 mol)
in anhydrous benzene (30 ml). The reaction mixture was heated on a
water bath for 8 h until the starting material was consumed (tlc). The
solvent was evaporated under vacuum, and diethyl ether (30 ml) was
added to the residual oil. The solid formed was filtered off, dried, and
chromatographed on the column of a silica gel (P.E./ EtOAc; 10:1, v/v)
to give 7a,b.
3-Benzhydrylsalfanyl-5-(4-chlorophenyl)-
[1,2,4]triazol-4ylamine (7a)
Yield 2.4 g (60%); m.p., 175–177◦C; IR (KBr): ν (cm−1) 3434 (NH2,
1
antisym), 3296 (NH2, sym); H NMR (DMSO-d6): δ 5.94 (s, 2H, NH2),
7.37 (m, 11H, CHPh2), 7.61 (d, 2H, Harom), 8.04 (d, 2H, Harom); 13C
NMR (DMSO-d6): 64.16 (CH), 123.96–167.79 (Carom) ppm. Ms (EI): m/z
392 (M+, 8%), 167 (100%). Anal. Calcd. for C21H17ClN4S: C, 64.20; H,
4.36; N, 14.26. Found: C, 64.41; H, 4.34; N, 14.05.
3-Benzhydrylsalfanyl-5-(4-anisyl)-
[1,2,4]triazol-4-ylamine (7b)
Yield 2.8 g (74%); m.p., 90–92◦C; IR (KBr): ν (cm−1) 3435 (NH2, anti-
sym), 3027 (NH2, sym); 1H NMR (DMSO-d6): δ 3.83 (s, 3H, CH3O) 6.92
(d, 2H, Harom), 7.16 (s, 1H, CH), 7.21–7.36 (m, 10H, 2Ph) 8.10 (d, 2H,
H
arom); 13C NMR (DMSO-d6): 55.23 CH3O 64.13 (CH), 123.96–167.79
(Carom) ppm. Anal. Calcd. for C22H20N4OS: C, 68.0; H, 5.19; N, 14.42.
Found: C, 68.22; H, 5.17; N, 14.33.

1506
A. A. El-Barbary et al.
1,8-Bis-(4-chloro-phenyl)-bis[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-c,4ꢀ,3ꢀ-e]-
[1,2,4,5]dithiadiazine (8)
To a stirred solution of 1b (2.26 g, 0.01 mol) in anhydrous methylene
chloride (60 ml), lead tetraacetate (6.66 g, 0.015 mol) was added in
portions during 15 min. The reaction mixture was stirred for 2 h at
room temperature until the starting material was consumed (tlc). Then
lead salts was filtered off and washed with methylene chloride (20 ml).
The two filtrates were concentrated to give pink crystals that were dried
and recrystallized from DMF to give 8. Yield 3.7 g (89%); m.p., >320◦C;
IR (KBr): ν (cm−1) 742 (C Cl), 1650 (C N) and 2922 (CH). Anal. Calcd.
for C16H8Cl2N6S2: C, 45.83; H, 1.92; N, 20.04. Found: C, 45.72; H, 2.01;
N, 20.14.
4-Amino-5-(p-methoxyphenyl)-1,2,4-triazole-
3-disulfide (9)
To a solution of 1c (1.3 g, 0.006 mol) in distilled water (10 ml) was
added a mixture of sodium hydroxide solution (0.27 g, 0.012 mol) in
water (10 ml) and morpholine (0.87 g, 0.01 mol). The reaction volume
was increased to 25 ml with distilled water until a clear solution was
obtained. A solution of iodine (1.53 g, 0.006 mol) and potassium iodide
(3.3 g, 0.006 mol) in distilled water (20 ml) was added dropwise to the
above reaction mixture. The reaction mixture was stirred for 1 h until
the starting material was consumed (tlc). The solid product was filtered
off, dried, and recrystallized from MeOH/H2O to afford 9. Yield 2.3 g
(59%); m.p., 165–167◦C; IR (KBr): ν (cm−1) 2982 (NH2, sym), 2842 (NH2,
antisym); 1H NMR (DMSO-d6): δ 5.98 (s, 4H, 2NH2), 7.13 (d, 2H, Harom),
7.97 (d, 2H, Harom) ppm;13C NMR (DMSO-d6): 55.35 (CH3O), 113.72–
131.27 (Carom), 166.72 (COCH3) ppm; Ms (EI) m/z 292 (C10H10N7S2,
40%), 222 (M+, 87%), 175 (100%). Anal. Calcd. for C18H18N8O2S2: C,
48.86; H, 4.10; N, 25.32. Found: C, 48.91; H, 4.23; N, 25.24.
VIRUSES AND CELLS
The HIV-1 strains HTLV-IIIB17 and the NNRTI resistant strain N11918
were propagated in H9 cells19 at 37◦C, 5% CO2 using RPMI 1640 with
10% heat-inactivated fetal calf serum (FCS) and antibiotics (growth
medium). Culture supernatant was filtered (0.45 nm), aliquotted, and
stored at −80◦C until use. Both HIV-1 strains were obtained from the
NIH AIDS Research and Reference Program.
Compounds were examined for possible antiviral activity against
both strains of HIV-1 using MT4 cells as target cells. MT4 cells were

New 4-Amino-1,2,4-triazole Derivatives
1507
incubated with virus (0.005 MOI) and growth medium containing the
test dilutions of compound for six days in parallel with virus-infected
and uninfected control cultures without compound added. Expression
of HIV in the cultures was indirectly quantified using the MTT as-
say. Compounds mediating less than 30% reduction of HIV expression
were considered without biological activity. Compounds were tested in
parallel for cytotoxic effect in uninfected MT4 cultures containing the
test dilutions of compound as described above. A 30% inhibition of cell
growth relative to control cultures was considered significant.
The average production HBV virion DNA from cell cultures with the
addition of different concentrations of the tested compounds was ex-
pressed relative to the HBV virion DNA in the culture supernatant
without the antiviral compound. Quantitation of HBV-DNA was done
using a semiquantitative PCR followed by DIG PCR ELISA as previ-
ously described.20
The 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) and the 50% cytotoxic con-
centration (CC50) were determined by interpolation from the plots of
percent inhibition versus concentration of compound.21
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