Silver Nanoparticles Engineered β-Cyclodextrin/γ-Fe2O3@ Hydroxyapatite Composite:…
Table 4 A comparisons of the results of the present system with the some recently reported procedures
Entry Catalytic system
Reaction conditions
Time (h) Yield (%) Ref.
1
2
3
Polymer supported palladium nanoparticles NaBH4, H2O, R.T, catalyst (0.04 g)
6
2
0.8
96
97
95
NAP–Mg–Pd(0)/PSa
Et3N, PMHS, H2O, 80 °C, catalyst (0.02 g)
NaBH4, H2O, reflux, catalyst (0.5 g)
Silver nanoparticles immobilized to rice
husk–SiO2–aminopropylsilane composite
4
5
Scrap automobile catalyst
(c-Pt+Mo)/Cb
NaBH4, EtOH/water (1/1), 5 °C, catalyst (0.3 g)
4
0.8
95
99
EtOH/water, H2 (4 bar, total pressure), 30 °C, catalyst
(0.07 g)
6
Co catalyst
5.0 MPa H2, 2 mL ethanol, 0.5 mL H2O, 110 °C,
4.8 mol% catalyst (1.4 mg Co, 0.024 mmol, 35 mg)
15
> 99
7
8
9
10
11
Pd NPs/RGO
Fe3O4@nSiO2@mSiO2/Pr-Imi-NH2.Ag
AgNC
Fe@Ag-ATP-CA
γ-Fe2O3@HAp-CD.Ag
NaBH4, EtOH:H2O (v/v=1:2), 50 °C, catalyst (6.0 mg)
NaBH4, H2O, 95 °C, catalyst (0.02)
1.5
0.75
3.5
–
98
98
82
–
NaBH4, RT, H2O, catalyst (0.049 g, 5 mol%)
NaBH4(0.1 M), RT, H2O, catalyst (1.4 g L−1
NaBH4, H2O, 80 °C, catalyst (0.05 g)
)
0.5
98
This work
aPolysiloxane-stabilised “Pd” nanoparticles on NAP–magnesium oxide supports
bPt NPs supported on activated carbon and promoted by a molybdenum salt
6. Gupta VK, Saleh TA (2013) Environ Sci Pollut Res 20:2828
7. Gupta VK, Ali I, Saleh TA, Nayak A, Agarwal S (2012) RSC Adv
2:6380
4 Conclusion
In this study, we fabricated a novel nanocatalyst architec-
ture of silver nanoparticles (0.09 mol% Ag) loaded into the
β-cyclodextrin/γ-Fe2O3@ hydroxyapatite (γ-Fe2O3@HAp-
CD.Ag) composite for the aqueous reduction of nitroarenes
to the corresponding amines in good to excellent yields
without affecting other vulnerable groups by using NaBH4
as the source of hydrogen. Grafting of β-CD onto the mag-
netic nano-catalyst is confirmed by FT-IR, TGA, EDX map-
ping and XRD analyses The experimental results shown that
surface of composite modified by β-CD can improve the
catalytic performance of the silver nanoparticles Further-
more, the catalyst can be easily recovered from the reac-
tion mixture by using a magnetic field and reused for five
consecutive runs with a slight loss of catalytic activity. This
novel methodology was also enhanced product purity and
promises economic as well as environmental benefits.
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Acknowledgements This work was supported by the Research Council
at the Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz.
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