Journal of Chemical and Engineering Data, Vol. 50, No. 2, 2005 307
Table 10. Interfacial Tension Data for the Ni-Plating
Solution + CO2 + Ethanol System Measured at 328.15 K
force to absorb ethanol into the interfacial region of the
Ni-plating solution rather than partitioning it toward one
of the bulk phases. These results are listed in Table 11.
When measuring the interfacial tension of these systems,
the effect of ethanol was measured. Measuring the inter-
facial tension is useful in selecting the additives used to
investigate the relation of surfactant and solvent in mi-
croemulsions and macroemulsions. Both the surfactant
interaction and absorption can be explained by measuring
the interfacial tension between the surfactant and rich-
phase solvent. This study is significant for its adequate
description of interfacial characteristics. What is more, this
research on interfacial tension at high pressure is helpful
for selecting additives in the emulsion process.
ethanol concentration )
0 vol %a
ethanol concentration )
a
1
20 vol %
γ/mN‚m-1
γ/mN‚m-1
P/MPa
P/MPa
0
1
3
5
8
.10
.45
.53
.65
.72
36.95
35.89
32.23
27.16
19.57
16.48
14.37
0.10
1.61
3.25
5.61
7.00
9.07
11.36
33.88
29.89
27.57
21.85
18.93
15.71
14.04
10.40
9.09
11.33
3.43
1
1
1
4.54
7.26
a
Ethanol concentration (vol %) ) 100 × [(volume of Ni-plating
Conclusions
solution)/(volume of ethanol)].
A fluorinated F-AOT analogue surfactant with two CO
philic tails and a hydrophilic headgroup was synthesized,
and the interfacial tension of the CO + water and CO
2
-
2
2
+
Ni-plating solution systems was measured with and with-
out this surfactant. In measuring the interfacial tension,
we investigated the effects of surfactant and ethanol. This
research is pertinent to selecting useful additives and
understanding the interface phenomena between super-
2
critical CO and polar chemicals such as water or Ni-
plating solution.
Literature Cited
(
(
(
(
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in
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Figure 8. Interfacial tension of the CO2 + Ni-plating solution +
0
3
.1 mass % surfactant system at b, 313.15 K; 2, 328.15 K; and 9,
44.15 K and that of the CO2 + Ni-plating solution + 0.1 mass %
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Table 11. Interfacial Tension Data for the Ni-Plating
Solution + CO2 + F-AOT Surfactant (0.1 mass %) +
Ethanol (10 vol %) System Measured at (313.15, 328.15,
and 344.15) K
(
T/K ) 313.15
T/K ) 328.15
T/K ) 344.15
P/MPa γ/mN‚m-
1
P/MPa γ/mN‚m-1 P/MPa γ/mN‚m-1
(
(
0
1
3
5
7
9
.10
.14
.12
.12
.13
.02
43.61
39.78
34.17
27.57
20.95
15.45
9.08
7.16
6.33
5.22
4.73
0.10
1.10
3.06
5.03
7.14
44.22
39.33
35.70
30.20
25.66
21.11
15.79
11.47
9.26
0.10
1.08
3.15
5.06
7.10
43.28
41.41
36.11
33.72
27.46
24.84
21.24
18.02
15.18
13.34
11.68
(
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9.12
9.14
1
1
1
1
1
0.99
3.15
4.80
7.06
9.27
11.18
13.08
15.08
17.14
19.21
11.21
13.39
15.03
16.94
19.16
7.92
7.15
4
28.
(
12) Liu, Z. T.; Erkey, C. Water in Carbon Dioxide Microemulsions
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of ethanol was 10 vol % in the Ni-plating solution. One
would therefore predict a reduction of interfacial tension
upon the addition of ethanol and surfactant to the CO +
2
Ni-plating solution system. However, the interfacial tension
of this system was observed to increase monotonically for
(13) Adamson, A. W. Physical Chemistry of Surfaces, 4th ed.; John
Wiley & Sons: New York, 1982; p 10.
(
(
(
14) Lord Rayleigh (Strutt, J. W.) Proc. R. Soc. London 1915, A92,
84.
15) NIST Standard Reference Database Number 69 (http://web-
1
the CO
ethanol system when measured at (313.15, 328.15, and
44.15) K. These phenomena can be explained by a driving
2
+ Ni-plating solution + F-AOT surfactant +
book.nist.gov/chemistry/).
16) Reid, R. C.; Prausnitz, J. M.; Poling, B. E. The Properties of Gases
and Liquids, 4th ed.; McGraw-Hill: New York, 1987; p 89.
3