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Lanthanum

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Name

Lanthanum

EINECS 231-099-0
CAS No. 7439-91-0 Density 6.19 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
PSA 0.00000 LogP 0.00000
Solubility N/A Melting Point 920 °C(lit.)
Formula La Boiling Point 3464 °C(lit.)
Molecular Weight 138.905 Flash Point N/A
Transport Information UN 3264 8/PG 3 Appearance solid
Safety 26-27-36/37/39-45-33-16-23-43 Risk Codes 11-34-23/24/25-14/15
Molecular Structure Molecular Structure of 7439-91-0 (Lanthanum) Hazard Symbols FlammableF,ToxicT
Synonyms

Lanthan;57La;Lanthanum chips;Lanthane;Lanthanum foil;Lantano;Lanthanum ingot;LANTHANUM;

Article Data 78

Lanthanum Synthetic route

13709-38-1

lanthanum(III) fluoride

7439-91-0

lanthanum

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With lithium In neat (no solvent) reduction at 1000K, under He, Mo-vessel;;98.4%
In neat (no solvent) 1mol I2 per 1.5mol LaF3;; product containing 470ppm C and 213ppm N;;94%
In gas electric discharge in presence of H2;; intermediate formation of LaF indicated by MS;

lanthanum(III) nitrate

7439-91-0

lanthanum

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In ethylenediamine Electrolysis; 1.77g La/l (in form of nitrate), 250-300VV, 20mA (2.3mA/cm**2);;96.2%
In ethanol Electrolysis; Hg cathode, satd. soln. in abs. ethanol, current density 0.3A/cm**2, 4h; formation of La amalgame;;
10099-58-8

lanthanum(III) chloride

7439-91-0

lanthanum

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With Mg or Ca In neat (no solvent) booster: I2, addn. of o.5mol dry I2 or 0.3mol I2 and 0.0625mol KClO4 per 1mol LaCl3, CaO-coated bomb; decrease of react. temp. to 850°C on addn. of 20mol-% KCl (flux);;91%
In melt Electrolysis; electrolyte: LaCl3, KCl, 1-5wt.-% CaF2, 960-980°C, 7V, 12A, cathodic current density 4A/cm**2, coal anode (with caps of fluorite and porcelain), Mo cathode;; product free from Ca and Al, small amounts of Si and Fe;;65%
In melt Electrolysis; melt (in wt.-%): 27% LaCl3, 68 KCl, 5 CaF2, graphite anode, Mo cathode, 100°C, cathodic current density 7A/cm**2, current yield 50%;;60%
13536-79-3

lanthanum(III) bromide

7439-91-0

lanthanum

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With potassium In neat (no solvent) passing K-vapor over LaBr3 in vac.;;90%
13813-22-4

lanthanum(III) iodide

7439-91-0

lanthanum

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In gas Van Arkel-De Boer-process, 1000-1100°C;;20%

lanthanum(III) tris-tartrato lanthanate(III) decahydrate

A

lanthanum(III) oxide

B

7439-91-0

lanthanum

C

lanthanum sesquicarbide

D

lanthanum oxycarbide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In neat (no solvent) byproducts: H2O, CO, CO2; heated in air at 970°C; detd. by X-ray diffraction, IR spectra, thermogravimetry and DTA;A n/a
B 1%
C n/a
D 1%

lanthanum(III) oxide

7439-91-0

lanthanum

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With magnesium byproducts: MgO;
With aluminium In neat (no solvent) byproducts: AlO; reduction in vac. at 800-1500°C;;
With (3S,3aS,4S,4aS,6S,8aR,8bR,11S)-6,11-dihydroxy-3-methyl-12-methylene-2-oxo-4a,6-ethano-3,8b-prop-1-enoperhydroindeno[1,2-b]furan-4-carboxylic acid In neat (no solvent) no reduction at 298 to 2000K;;0%
In melt Electrolysis; 26mol-% LaF3, 30-80mol-% LiF, 5-50mol-% BaF2, graphite anode, Mo cathode, 8-15V, 400-800A, contineuous process;;>97
With Hg; HCl; acetic acid In hydrogenchloride byproducts: H2; Electrochem. Process; soln. La2O3 in HCl; amalgamation on Hg cathode in buffer pH=3.4-3.7 (CH3COOH, CH3COONa); decomposed at 900-1250°C below 1E-6 Torr; various product yields (36-70.9%) for various conditions; amalgam rinsed (H2O, EtOH); degassed at 1000°C in vac.; elem. anal.;

lanthanum(III) oxide

A

7439-91-0

lanthanum

B

lanthanum(II) oxide

C

oxygen

Conditions
ConditionsYield
vapor of the oxide studied by MS; detected by MS;

lanthanum(III) oxide

7439-95-4

magnesium

7439-91-0

lanthanum

lanthanum(III) oxide

7429-90-5

aluminium

7439-91-0

lanthanum

Conditions
ConditionsYield
1000-1700°C, in vac.;

Lanthanum History

    In 1839,Swedish chemist Carl Gustav Mosander discovered Lanthanum when he partially decomposed a sample of cerium nitrate by heating and treating the resulting salt with dilute nitric acid. From the resulting solution, he isolated a new rare earth he called lantana. in 1923,Lanthanum was isolated in relatively pure form .

Lanthanum Specification

The Lanthanum, with the CAS registry number 7439-91-0, belongs to the product categories of Inorganics; LanthanumSpectroscopy; LChemical Synthesis; AA Standard SolutionsAnalytical Standards; AAS; Alphabetic; Matrix Selection; NitrateSpectroscopy; Reference/Calibration Standards; Single Solution; Catalysis and Inorganic Chemistry; Chemical Synthesis; Lanthanum; LanthanumMetal and Ceramic Science; Metals; LanthanumReference/Calibration Standards; Analytical Reagents; Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS); Matrix Modifier SolutionsSpectroscopy; Matrix Modifiers (for Graphite Furnace AAS)Analytical/Chromatography; Standard Solutions; Trace Analysis Reagents; Metal or element. Its EINECS registry number is 231-099-0. This chemical's molecular formula is La and molecular weight is 138.91. What's more, its IUPAC name is the same with its product name. This chemical is a malleable, ductile, and soft metal that oxidizes rapidly when exposed to air. It is produced from the minerals monazite and bastnäsite using a complex multistage extraction process. Lanthanum compounds have numerous applications as catalysts, additives in glass, carbon lighting for studio lighting and projection, ignition elements in lighters and torches, electron cathodes, scintillators, and others.

Physical properties about Lanthanum are: (1)Phase: solid; (2)Density (near r.t.): 6.162 g·cm-3; (3)Liquid density at m.p.: 5.94 g·cm-3; (4)Melting point: 920 °C; (5)Boiling point: 3464 °C; (6)Heat of fusion: 6.20 kJ·mol-1; (7)Heat of vaporization: 402.1 kJ·mol-1; (8)Molar heat capacity: 27.11 J·mol-1;(9)#H bond acceptors: 0; (10)#H bond donors: 0; (11)#Freely Rotating Bonds: 0; (12)Polar Surface Area: 0 Å2.

Uses of Lanthanum: it is used to produce other chemicals. For example, it can react with O2 to get lanthanum(III) oxide. The reaction need the temperature of 150 °C.

4 La + 3 O2 → 2 La2O3

When you are dealing with this chemical, you should be very careful. This chemical may catch fire in contact with air, only need brief contact with an ignition source and have a very low flash point or evolve highly flammable gases in contact with water. It reacts violently with water and liberates extremely flammable gases. In addition, it is toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. Therefore, you should keep away from sources of ignition and not breathe gas/fumes/vapour/spray. You must wear suitable protective clothing, gloves, eye/face protection and take off immediately all contaminated clothing. In case of contacting with eyes, you should rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. And in case of accident or if you feel unwell seek medical advice immediately.

You can still convert the following datas into molecular structure:
(1) SMILES: [La]
(2) InChI: InChI=1S/La
(3) InChIKey: FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N

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