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| CAS No.: | 1066-17-7 |
|---|---|
| Name: | Colistin |
| Molecular Structure: | |
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| Formula: | C52H98N16O13 |
| Molecular Weight: | 968.43 |
| Synonyms: | Colimycin;Colisticina;Colivet;Coly-Mycin;Kangdisu;Polymyxin E;Totazina; |
| EINECS: | 213-907-3 |
| Density: | 1.25g/cm3 |
| Boiling Point: | 1536.8°Cat760mmHg |
| Flash Point: | 883.3°C |
| Safety: | Poison by subcutaneous, intravenous and intraperitoneal routes. Human mutation data reported. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NOx. |
| PSA: | 490.66000 |
| LogP: | 1.53520 |
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Chemistry
MF: C52H98N16O13
MW: 1155.43
EINECS: 213-907-3
Density: 1.25 g/cm3
Flash Point: 883.3 °C
Index of Refraction: 1.573
Enthalpy of Vaporization: 267.08 kJ/mol
Boiling Point: 1536.8 °C at 760 mmHg
Vapour Pressure: 0 mmHg at 25°C
Synonyms: Colistin ; Colimycin ; Colisticina ; Colomycin ; Coly-mycin ; Colymysins ; Kangdisu ; Kolimitsin
Following is the molecular structure of Polymyxin E (1066-17-7):
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Uses
Polymyxin E (1066-17-7) is effective against most Gram-negative bacilli and is used as a polypeptide antibiotic. It is one of the last resort antibiotics for multidrug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Acinetobacter
Toxicity Data With Reference
| 1. | oms-hmn:lym 142 units/ml | TCMUD8 Teratogenesis, Carcinogenesis, and Mutagenesis. 3 (1983),515. | ||
| 2. | cyt-hmn:lym 142 unit/ml | TCMUD8 Teratogenesis, Carcinogenesis, and Mutagenesis. 3 (1983),515. | ||
| 3. | ipr-mus LD50:236 mg/kg | ANTBAL Antibiotiki. 5 (4)(1960),10. | ||
| 4. | scu-mus LD50:115 mg/kg | JANTAJ Journal of Antibiotics. 36 (1983),625. | ||
| 5. | ivn-mus LD50:8800 µg/kg | JANTAJ Journal of Antibiotics. 36 (1983),625. |
Consensus Reports
EPA Genetic Toxicology Program.
Safety Profile
Poison by subcutaneous, intravenous and intraperitoneal routes. Human mutation data reported. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NOx
Safety Information of Polymyxin E (1066-17-7):
RIDADR: 3249
HazardClass: 6.1(b)
PackingGroup: III
Specification
Colistin (polymyxin E) is a polymyxin antibiotic produced by certain strains of Bacillus polymyxa var. colistinus. Colistin is a mixture of cyclic polypeptides colistin A and B.
Adverse reactions of Polymyxin E (1066-17-7):
The main toxicities described with intravenous treatment are nephrotoxicity (damage to the kidneys) and neurotoxicity (damage to the nerves), but this may reflect the very high doses given, which are much higher than the doses currently recommended by any manufacturer and for which no adjustment was made for renal disease. Neuro- and nephrotoxic effects appear to be transient and subside on discontinuation of therapy or reduction in dose.
At a dose of 160mg colistimethate IV every eight hours, very little nephrotoxicity is seen. Indeed, colistin appears to have less toxicity than the aminoglycosides that subsequently replaced it, and colistin has been used for extended periods of up to six months with no ill effects.
The main toxicity described with aerosolised treatment is bronchospasm which can be treated or prevented with the use of beta2-agonists such as salbutamol or following a desensitisation protocol.