10.1002/jlcr.3504
The study focuses on the synthesis and characterization of specific deuterated derivatives of long-chain ceramides [EOS] and [EOP] found in the stratum corneum lipids, which are essential components of the skin's barrier function. The researchers replaced linoleic acid with a palmitic acid branched with a methyl group and introduced deuteration in the branched and terminal methyl groups to create these derivatives. The synthesized ceramides were then prepared for neutron scattering investigations. The chemicals used in the study included various fatty acids, deuterated compounds, and ceramide precursors, such as 6-bromohexanoic acid ethyl ester, malonic acid ethyl ester, and lithium aluminum deuteride. These chemicals served the purpose of creating the branched and deuterated fatty acids, which were then used to synthesize the ceramides [EOS] and [EOP]. The synthesized deuterated ceramides are valuable tools for investigating the influence of these long-chain ceramide species on the nanostructure of stratum corneum lipid model membranes, as they can be detected in the lipid model membranes and help to understand their structural role in the skin's barrier.
10.1016/S0040-4039(01)88629-9
This study mainly focuses on the synthesis and properties of 2-azacyclopentene anions. Starting from 2,5-dimethylpyrrole, the researchers synthesized 1,2,3-trimethyl-2-azacyclopentene anions in 9 steps. The key chemicals involved include DMF/POCl3 for initial substitution to form aldehydes, monoethyl malonate for the reaction to form compounds with double bonds, Pd/C for catalytic hydrogenation, KOH for ester hydrolysis, polyphosphoric acid for cyclization, and butyl lithium for the final formation of anions. The study also discussed the theoretical background of cyclopentene molecules and their derivatives, and the NMR spectrum of the anion showed that the negative charge was delocalized.