Acephate

Base Information

• Chemical Name: Acephate
• CAS No.: 30560-19-1
• Deprecated CAS: 115096-11-2
• Molecular Formula: C4H10NO3PS
• Molecular Weight: 183.168
• Hs Code.: 2930.90 Oral rat LD50: 945 mg/kg
• European Community (EC) Number: 250-241-2
• ICSC Number: 0748
• UN Number: 3018,2783
• UNII: 3Y417O444D
• DSSTox Substance ID: DTXSID8023846
• Nikkaji Number: J4.532B
• Wikipedia: Acephate
• Wikidata: Q2231923
• NCI Thesaurus Code: C163577
• Metabolomics Workbench ID: 54986
• ChEMBL ID: CHEMBL2133249
• Mol file: 30560-19-1.mol

Synonyms:acephate;O,S-dimethyl N-acetyl phosphoramidothioate;Orthene

Chemical Property of Acephate

Chemical Property:

• Appearance/Colour: White solid
• Vapor Pressure: 2.26 x 10-4 Pa (24 °C)
• Melting Point: 93 °C
• Refractive Index: 1.475
• Boiling Point: 2 °C
• PKA: 11.00±0.46(Predicted)
• Flash Point: 2°C
• PSA: 90.51000
• Density: 1.263 g/cm³
• LogP: 1.63090
• Storage Temp.: APPROX 4°C
• Water Solubility.: readily soluble
• XLogP3: -0.8
• Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 1
• Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 4
• Rotatable Bond Count: 3
• Exact Mass: 183.01190135
• Heavy Atom Count: 10
• Complexity: 172
• Transport DOT Label: Poison

Purity/Quality:

95%TC 30%EC ^*data from raw suppliers

Acephate ^*data from reagent suppliers

Safty Information:

• Pictogram(s): Xn, F
• Hazard Codes: Xn,F
• Statements: 22-36-20/21/22-11
• Safety Statements: 2-36-36/37-16

MSDS Files:

SDS file from LookChem

Useful:

• Chemical Classes: Pesticides -> Organophosphate Insecticides
• Canonical SMILES: CC(=O)NP(=O)(OC)SC
• Inhalation Risk: A harmful concentration of airborne particles can be reached quickly on spraying or when dispersed, especially if powdered.
• Effects of Short Term Exposure: The substance may cause effects on the nervous system and blood. This may result in cholinesterase inhibition. Medical observation is indicated. The effects may be delayed.
• Description: Acephate(also known as Orthene) is a kind of organophosphate foliar insecticide which can be used for the treatment of leaf miners, caterpillars, sawflies and thrips in crops and aphides in vegetables and horticulture. It is one of the 10 most important organophosphate insecticides in the 1990s, and is still being widely used today. It takes effect through inhibiting the activity of acetylcholinesterase (Ache) after being metabolically converted to methamidophos. Since it can’t be converted to methamidophos, it is thought to cause no effect on animals and human beings. Acephate is an organophosphate foliar spray insecticide of moderate persistence with residual systemic activity. It is a contact and systemic insecticide and very effective against a large number of crop pests such as alfalfa looper, aphids, armyworms, bagworms, bean leaf beetle, bean leafroller, black grass bugs, bollworm, budworm, and cabbage looper. Acephate is a colourless to white solid organophosphate insecticide. Exposures to acephate cause poisoning to animals and humans. Acephate inhibits acetylcholine esterase (AchE), the essential nervous system enzyme, and causes characteristic organophosphate poisoning. The symptoms of toxicity include, but are not limited to, headache, nervousness, blurred vision, weakness, nausea, fatigue, stomach cramps, diarrhoea, difficulty in breathing, chest pain, sweating, pinpoint pupils, tearing, salivation, clear nasal discharge and sputum, vomiting, muscle twitching, muscle weakness, and, in severe poisoning, convulsions, respiratory depression, coma, and death. Acephate causes cholinesterase inhibition leading to overstimulation, respiratory paralysis, and death. The U.S. EPA classified acephate as Group C, meaning a possible human carcinogen, and therefore requires judicious handling and management.
• Uses: Contact and systemic insecticide for control of sucking and chewing insects in cotton, ornamentals, forestry, tobacco, fruits, vegetables and other crops Acephate is an organophosphate foliar spray insecticide of moderate persistence with residual systemic activity. It is a contact and systemic insecticide and very effective against a large number of crop pests, such as alfalfa looper, aphids, armyworms, bagworms, bean leafbeetle, bean leafroller, blackgrass bugs, bollworm, budworm, and cabbage looper. Acephate is used to control a wide range of sucking and chewing insects in a large number of crops.

Technology Process of Acephate

There total 7 articles about Acephate which guide to synthetic route it. The literature collected by LookChem mainly comes from the sharing of users and the free literature resources found by Internet computing technology. We keep the original model of the professional version of literature to make it easier and faster for users to retrieve and use. At the same time, we analyze and calculate the most feasible synthesis route with the highest yield for your reference as below:

synthetic route:

Reference yield: 98.0%

→ Acephate (30560-19-1)

Guidance literature:

Reference yield: 84.0%

acetamide (60-35-5) + phosphorochloridothioic acid,O,S-dimethyl ester (3711-50-0) → Acephate (30560-19-1)

Guidance literature:

With triethylamine; In toluene; at 5 - 30 ℃; for 5h; Reagent/catalyst; Temperature; Concentration;

Reference yield: 63.0%

acetamide (60-35-5) + dimethyl chlorothiophosphate (2524-03-0) → Acephate (30560-19-1)

Guidance literature:

With potassium carbonate; In tetrahydrofuran; at 60 ℃;

DOI:10.1080/10426500902797079

upstream raw materials:

acetamide

dimethyl chlorothiophosphate

Mio

acetic anhydride

Downstream raw materials:

methanesulfonic acid

sec-butyl methanesulfonate

demethylthioacephate

Refernces

• 1、 -. "An insecticide acephate method for the continuous production of the". Paragraph 0030; 0031; 0032. . Retrieved 2017/06/29.
• 2、 -. "A heterogeneous reaction". Paragraph 0125; 0126. . Retrieved 2017/02/24.