Succinylcholine chloride

Base Information

• Chemical Name: Succinylcholine chloride
• CAS No.: 71-27-2
• Deprecated CAS: 10168-63-5
• Molecular Formula: C14H30N2O4^.2Cl
• Molecular Weight: 361.309
• Hs Code.: 2923900090
• European Community (EC) Number: 200-747-4
• UN Number: 3249
• UNII: I9L0DDD30I
• DSSTox Substance ID: DTXSID1023603
• Wikipedia: Suxamethonium_chloride
• Wikidata: Q12455154
• NCI Thesaurus Code: C47730
• RXCUI: 3565
• ChEMBL ID: CHEMBL983
• Mol file: 71-27-2.mol

Synonyms:Anectine;Bromide, Suxamethonium;Celocurine;Dibromide, Succinylcholine;Dichloride, Succinylcholine;dicholine succinate;Diiodide, Succinylcholine;Diperchlorate, Succinylcholine;Ditilin;Listenon;Lysthenon;Myorelaxin;Quelicin;Succicuran;Succinate, Dicholine;Succinylcholine;Succinylcholine Chloride;Succinylcholine Dibromide;Succinylcholine Dichloride;Succinylcholine Dichloride, Di H2O;Succinylcholine Dichloride, Di-H2O;Succinylcholine Diiodide;Succinylcholine Diperchlorate;Succinylcholine Iodide;Succinyldicholine;Suxamethonium;Suxamethonium Bromide;Suxamethonium Chloride

Chemical Property of Succinylcholine chloride

Chemical Property:

• Appearance/Colour: white powder
• Melting Point: 164 °C
• PSA: 52.60000
• LogP: -5.72660
• Storage Temp.: Refrigerator
• Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
• Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 6
• Rotatable Bond Count: 11
• Exact Mass: 360.1582628
• Heavy Atom Count: 22
• Complexity: 284
• Transport DOT Label: Poison

Purity/Quality:

98% ^*data from raw suppliers

Succinylcholine chloride ^*data from reagent suppliers

Safty Information:

• Safety Statements: 7/8

MSDS Files:

SDS file from LookChem

Useful:

• Canonical SMILES: C[N+](C)(C)CCOC(=O)CCC(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C.[Cl-].[Cl-]
• Recent EU Clinical Trials: Evaluation of REMIFENTANIL as an alternative to curare for rapid sequence anesthetic induction in patients at risk of gastric fluid inhalation
• Description: Succinylcholine chloride is a potent relaxant of voluntary striated muscle but has little direct effect on smooth muscle. It has no anesthetic or pain-obliterating properties; therefore, immobilized animals remain completely conscious although unable to move. The duration of effect is quite brief because succinylcholine is rapidly destroyed by non-specific cholinesterases in the blood plasma and liver. Immobilization lasts five to 12 minutes in man and horses and somewhat longer in other species,with ruminants generally requiring longest recovery periods (Stowe et al. 1958).Since the discovery of its curariform properties in 1949, succinylcholine has been widely used for immobilization of animals and in human surgical procedures. Several workers have used succinylcholine on bears (Black 1958, Knudsen 1959, Craighead et al. 1960, Troyer et al. 1961,Hornocker 1962, Mundy 1963,Pearson et al. 1968, Jonkel and Cowan 1971 and Mundy and Flook 1973).Succinylcholine chloride is indicated as an adjunct to general anesthesia, to facilitate tracheal intubation, and to provide skeletal muscle relaxation during surgery or mechanical ventilation.
• Uses: A neuromuscular blocking agent. Muscle relaxant (skeletal).
• Therapeutic Function: Muscle relaxant
• Biological Functions: Succinylcholine chloride (Anectine) is the only depolarizing- type blocker that is in widespread clinical use. It produces neuromuscular block by overstimulation, so that the end plate is unable to respond to further stimulation. Structurally, succinylcholine is equivalent to two ACh molecules joined back to back. The resulting 10- carbon atom spacing between the two quaternary ammonium heads is important for activation of the two binding sites on the AChR. Because the succinylcholine molecule is “thin,” binding to the two sites does not sterically occlude the open channel, and cations are allowed to flow and depolarize the end plate. Neuromuscular block with succinylcholine occurs by two sequential events. An initial depolarization of the end plate produces muscle action potentials and fasciculation. Maintained depolarization past the threshold for firing produces Na channel inactivation, so that muscle action potentials cannot be generated. This is called phase I, or depolarization block. In the continued presence of succinylcholine, the membrane becomes repolarized, Na channel inactivation is reversed, and muscle membrane excitability is restored. Nonetheless, the neuromuscular block persists because of desensitization of the AChR. This is known as phase II, or desensitization block. Although the mechanism for phase II block is not completely understood, a series of allosteric transitions in the AChR is suspected. One model to describe this has the AChR in equilibrium among four conformations: resting, active, inactive, and desensitized. Agonists stabilize the active and desensitized states, whereas antagonists tend to stabilize the resting and possibly the desensitized state.
• Clinical Use: Succinylcholine Chloride is used as a muscle relaxant for the same indications asother curare agents. It may be used for either short or longperiods of relaxation, depending on whether one or severalinjections are given. In addition, it is suitable for continuousintravenous drip administration.Succinylcholine chloride should not be used withthiopental sodium because of the high alkalinity of the latter.If used together, they should be administered immediatelyafter mixing; however, separate injection is preferable.
• Drug interactions: Potentially hazardous interactions with other drugs Anaesthetics: increased risk of myocardial depression and bradycardia with propofol; enhanced effect with volatile liquid general anaesthetics. Anti-arrhythmics: lidocaine and procainamide enhance muscle relaxant effect. Antibacterials: effect enhanced by aminoglycosides, clindamycin, polymyxins, vancomycin and piperacillin. Cardiac glycosides: increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias.

Technology Process of Succinylcholine chloride

There total 6 articles about Succinylcholine chloride which guide to synthetic route it. The literature collected by LookChem mainly comes from the sharing of users and the free literature resources found by Internet computing technology. We keep the original model of the professional version of literature to make it easier and faster for users to retrieve and use. At the same time, we analyze and calculate the most feasible synthesis route with the highest yield for your reference as below:

synthetic route:

Reference yield: 92.0%

bis-dimethylaminoethylsuccinate (19249-04-8) → succinylcholine chloride (71-27-2)

Guidance literature:

Reference yield: 88.5%

bis(2-nitrophenyl) succinate (83254-75-5) + choline chloride (67-48-1) → succinylcholine chloride (71-27-2)

Guidance literature:

With triethylamine; In acetonitrile; at 70 - 75 ℃; for 2h;

Reference yield: 86.0%

succinic acid bis(p-nitrophenyl ester) (33109-58-9) + choline chloride (67-48-1) → succinylcholine chloride (71-27-2)

Guidance literature:

With triethylamine; In acetonitrile; at 70 - 75 ℃; for 2h;

upstream raw materials:

choline chloride

succinoyl dichloride

succinic acid bis-(2-chloro-ethyl ester)

trimethylamine

Refernces

• 1、 -. "Refining method of succinylcholine chloride". Paragraph 0040-0041. . Retrieved 2020/02/14.
• 2、 -. "PROCESS FOR PREPARATION OF SUCCINYLCHOLINE CHLORIDE". Page/Page column. . Retrieved 2014/04/18.