10.1016/S0040-4039(00)73963-3
This research aims to develop methods for synthesizing enantioenriched tetrahydropyridines, which are important nitrogen heterocycles found in various alkaloids and pharmacologically active agents. The study explores the use of iminium ion-vinylsilane cyclizations, focusing on amino acid-derived 4-silyl-3-alkenylamines as starting materials. Key chemicals used include L-alanine, benzaldehyde, benzamide, and various reagents for iminium ion generation such as para-toluenesulfonic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, and silver tetrafluoroborate. The researchers examined different methods for forming iminium ions and their effects on the stereochemical outcomes of the cyclizations. They found that under optimal conditions, tetrahydropyridine products with enantiomeric purities of 85-99% could be obtained. The study concludes that cyclization is more rapid than racemization, and oxidative cyclization of α-silylmethyl precursors allows for the formation of tetrahydropyridines at room temperature under neutral conditions.
10.1039/c8ob02582g
The research aims to develop a novel method for synthesizing 2-aryl indenones from 1,5-enyne substrates using a gold-catalyzed cycloisomerization/aerobic oxidation cascade strategy. The study explores the use of molecular oxygen as the oxidant to achieve this transformation in a single step. Key chemicals involved include 1,5-enyne substrates, Ph3PAuCl (tris(triphenylphosphine)gold(I) chloride), AgBF4 (silver tetrafluoroborate), and various other gold catalysts and ligands. The researchers optimized reaction conditions, such as solvent choice (toluene being the most effective) and catalyst combinations, to maximize the yield of indenones. They also conducted experiments to investigate the reaction mechanism, including heavy atom labeling and radical verification tests. The study concludes that indene is a key intermediate in the transformation process, and the oxidation likely involves radical intermediates. The method was successfully applied to the formal total synthesis of isoprekinamycin, demonstrating its utility in preparing biologically active compounds. The use of molecular oxygen as an environmentally friendly oxidant combined with gold catalysis provides a sustainable approach to synthesizing indenone scaffolds from simple precursors.
10.1016/j.tet.2011.07.064
The research investigates the regioselective iodination of chlorinated aromatic compounds using various silver salts as iodination reagents, aiming to develop efficient methods for synthesizing valuable iodoarene intermediates. The study explores the iodination of phenols, anisoles, anilines, chlorobenzenes, and chlorotoluenes with different silver salts (Ag2SO4, AgSbF6, AgBF4, and AgPF6) combined with I2. The results show that the choice of silver salt significantly affects the regioselectivity and yield of the iodination products. For instance, AgSbF6/I2 and AgBF4/I2 demonstrate high reactivity and selectivity in iodinating chlorinated anilines and aromatic compounds in the para position, while Ag2SO4/I2 offers reasonable yields and selectivity for certain substrates. The study concludes that silver salt-based iodination reagents, particularly those with non-coordinating anions like SbF6?, BF4?, and PF6?, provide a convenient and regioselective approach to synthesizing specific iodoarenes, which are important for applications in pharmaceuticals and environmental chemistry.
10.1021/jo00362a014
The research focuses on the synthesis of trans-syn-trans-fused polycyclic ethers, which are structural motifs found in the brevetoxins, a class of neuro- and cardiotoxins produced by the dinoflagellate Gymnodinium breve. The study presents a strategic methodology for constructing these complex polyethers through iodocyclization of alkenyl-substituted cyclohexanol or tetrahydropyranol derivatives, followed by silver ion-induced solvolysis, which retains the configuration via an oxiranium ion intermediate. The process allows for the controlled placement of angular methyl groups at the ether centers generated during the reaction. The iterative nature of the strategy is demonstrated by the synthesis of a tricyclic diether, and the method can be extended to construct the homologous oxepane moiety. Key chemicals used in this process include iodocyclization reagents such as N-iodosuccinimide, silver tetrafluoroborate for solvolysis, and various substituted alkenols as substrates. The research concludes that with appropriate choice of substituents and reaction conditions, the method can effectively construct the trans-syn-trans-fused polycyclic ethers found in brevetoxins.