Xenon difluoride

Base Information

• Chemical Name: Xenon difluoride
• CAS No.: 13709-36-9
• Molecular Formula: F2Xe
• Molecular Weight: 169.287
• Hs Code.: 28129019
• European Community (EC) Number: 237-251-2
• UNII: 6POJ14981P
• DSSTox Substance ID: DTXSID7065590
• Nikkaji Number: J278.006B
• Wikipedia: Xenon difluoride
• Wikidata: Q411225
• Mol file: 13709-36-9.mol

Synonyms:xenon difluoride;xenon fluoride;xenon fluoride (XeF6);xenon hexafluoride;xenon trifluoride

Chemical Property of Xenon difluoride

Chemical Property:

• Appearance/Colour: white crystalline solid
• Vapor Pressure: 3.8 mm Hg ( 25 °C)
• Melting Point: 129 °C(lit.)
• Boiling Point: 114.35°C (estimate)
• Flash Point: n/a
• PSA: 0.00000
• Density: 4.32 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
• LogP: 0.45960
• Storage Temp.: Store at +2°C to +8°C.
• Sensitive.: Moisture Sensitive
• Solubility.: Acetonitrile (Slightly), DMSO (Slightly)
• Water Solubility.: Decomposes in water.
• Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
• Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 2
• Rotatable Bond Count: 0
• Exact Mass: 169.90096141
• Heavy Atom Count: 3
• Complexity: 2.8

Purity/Quality:

97% ^*data from raw suppliers

Xenon difluoride ^*data from reagent suppliers

Safty Information:

• Pictogram(s): O,T+,T
• Hazard Codes: O,T+,T
• Statements: 8-25-26-34
• Safety Statements: 17-26-28-36/37/39-45

MSDS Files:

SDS file from LookChem

Total 1 MSDS from other Authors

Useful:

• Chemical Classes: Other Classes -> Fluorides, Inorganic
• Canonical SMILES: F[Xe]F
• General Description: Xenon difluoride (XeF?), also known as xenon(II) fluoride, is a versatile fluorinating agent used in organic synthesis, capable of regioselective ipso-fluorination of aryltrimethylsilanes and fluorodecarboxylation of carboxylic acids. Its reactivity is highly dependent on the reaction environment, with Pyrex vessels promoting electrophilic pathways leading to rearrangements and cyclizations, while PTFE favors single-electron-transfer mechanisms yielding fluorinated products. Additionally, XeF? can participate in radical reactions, as evidenced by the formation of the XeF? radical in solid argon matrices. These properties make it valuable for applications such as the synthesis of fluorinated aromatic compounds and mechanistic studies in fluorination chemistry.

Technology Process of Xenon difluoride

There total 71 articles about Xenon difluoride which guide to synthetic route it. The literature collected by LookChem mainly comes from the sharing of users and the free literature resources found by Internet computing technology. We keep the original model of the professional version of literature to make it easier and faster for users to retrieve and use. At the same time, we analyze and calculate the most feasible synthesis route with the highest yield for your reference as below:

synthetic route:

Reference yield: 99.3%

xenon + fluorine (7782-41-4) → xenon difluoride (13709-36-9)

Guidance literature:

In neat (no solvent); Xe and F2 condensed into nickel can (-196°C), warmed (room temp., pressure 34 atm.), preheated electric furnace (400°C) placed around the nickel can (7 h, pressure 78 atm.), quenched to room temp. in water, cooled (-78°C); excess Xe condensed into a storage cylinder (-196°C), evapn. (through a cold trap, -78°C);

Reference yield: 66.0%

boron trifluoride (7637-07-2) + xenon + silver fluoride (11113-87-4) + fluorine (7782-41-4) → silver tetrafluoroborate (14104-20-2) + xenon difluoride (13709-36-9)

Guidance literature:

In hydrogen fluoride; HF (liquid); treatment AgF with BF3 in HF, pptn. of AgBF4, adnn. of F2, removal of volatiles, addn. of Hf, BF3 and xenon (condensed in reactor, -100°C), warming to 20°C with stirring (thermal cycling repeated 3-4 times, in 2 h); removal of volatile (vac., -45°C, 5 h), XeF2 (U trap, -78°C); x-ray photography;

DOI:10.1021/ja00168a032

Reference yield: 57.9%

silver(II) fluoride + boron trifluoride (7637-07-2) + xenon → silver tetrafluoroborate (14104-20-2) + xenon difluoride (13709-36-9)

Guidance literature:

With HF; In hydrogen fluoride; HF (liquid); mixing of AgF2 and BF3 in HF (-100°C), warming(to room temp., stirring), addn. of xenon (stirring 12 h); removal of volatile (-45°C, vac.), XeF2 (U trap, -78°C); x-ray powder photography and Raman spectroscopy; novolatile AgBF4; x-ray powder photography;

DOI:10.1021/ja00168a032

upstream raw materials:

fluorine

heptafluorobutyronitrile

xenon difluoride * AsF₅

trifluoroacetonitrile

Downstream raw materials:

lanthanum(III) fluoride

dinitrogen monoxide

fluorosulfonyl fluoride

antimony pentafluoride

Refernces

Ipso-Fluorination of aryltrimethylsilanes using xenon difluoride

10.1016/j.tet.2011.02.016

The research focuses on the ipso-fluorination of aryltrimethylsilanes using xenon difluoride, investigating the regioselective introduction of a fluoro substituent into an aromatic ring. The experiments involve the reaction of aryltrimethylsilanes with xenon difluoride in various solvents at room temperature, with a particular emphasis on the role of the solvent and the catalytic properties of the reaction vessel, such as Pyrex. The study explores the effects of different substituents on the aryltrimethylsilanes and the impact on the reaction yield and mechanism. Analytical techniques used to assess the reaction compositions and yields include 1H NMR, GC-MS, and in some cases, isolation and full characterization of the aryl fluoride products. The research also discusses plausible mechanisms involving electrophilic addition and ligand coupling, providing insights into the potential applications of this methodology, such as the synthesis of [18F]-substituted aromatic rings for PET studies.

Fluorodecarboxylation, rearrangement and cyclisation: the influence of structure and environment on the reactions of carboxylic acids with xenon difluoride

10.1016/j.tetlet.2009.02.090

The study investigates the reactions of various carboxylic acids with xenon difluoride (XeF2) in different reaction environments, specifically in CH2Cl2/Pyrex and CH2Cl2/PTFE. The researchers found that Pyrex acts as an effective heterogeneous catalyst, promoting electrophilic reactions that lead to rearrangement, cyclisation, and cationic products. In contrast, reactions in PTFE primarily result in fluorodecarboxylation, likely via a single electron transfer (SET) mechanism. The study examines six structurally diverse carboxylic acids and shows that the products vary significantly depending on the reaction environment. For instance, in Pyrex, the reaction of 1-adamantanecarboxylic acid with XeF2 yields 1-adamantanol, while in PTFE, it produces 1-fluoroadamantane. The study highlights the profound influence of the reaction vessel material on the mechanism and products of these reactions, providing insights into the formation of intermediate fluoroxenon esters and their subsequent transformations.

Infrared spectroscopic observation of the radical XeF₃ generated in solid argon

10.1021/ic9007312

The study focuses on the generation and characterization of xenon trifluoride radicals (?XeF3) in solid argon matrices. The researchers used mobile fluorine atoms, which were produced by photolysis of F2 molecules, to react with XeF2 molecules isolated within the solid argon matrix. The purpose of these chemicals was to investigate the formation of the ?XeF3 radical through a solid-state chemical reaction and to analyze its infrared absorption bands, which were assigned to asymmetric and symmetric Xe-F stretching vibrational modes. The study also aimed to understand the kinetic behavior of the chemical reaction and to estimate the rate constant and energy barrier for the reaction in an argon cage. Quantum chemical calculations were performed to support the assignment of IR spectra and to rationalize the stability of the chemical bonding in the ?XeF3 radical.