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Safrole

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Name

Safrole

EINECS 202-345-4
CAS No. 94-59-7 Density 1.118 g/cm>3
PSA 18.46000 LogP 2.14380
Solubility Soluble in alcohol, chloroform, ether; Insoluble in water and glycerol Melting Point 11.2 °C(lit.)
Formula C10H10O2 Boiling Point 233.087 °C at 760 mmHg
Molecular Weight 162.188 Flash Point 97.778 °C
Transport Information UN 3082 9/PG 3 Appearance light yellow-green liquid
Safety 53-45 Risk Codes 45-22-68
Molecular Structure Molecular Structure of 94-59-7 (Safrole) Hazard Symbols ToxicT
Synonyms

1,3-Benzodioxole,5-(2-propenyl)- (9CI);Benzene, 4-allyl-1,2-(methylenedioxy)- (8CI);1-Allyl-3,4-methylenedioxybenzene;3-(3,4-Methylenedioxyphenyl)prop-1-ene;5-(2-Propenyl)-1,3-benzodioxole;5-Allyl-1,3-benzodioxole;Allylcatecholmethylene ether;Allylpyrocatechol methyleneether;NSC 11831;Rhyuno oil;Safrol;Safrole MF;4-Allyl-1,2-methylenedioxybenzene;

Article Data 26

Safrole Consensus Reports

NTP 10th Report on Carcinogens. IARC Cancer Review: Group 2B IMEMDT    IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man . 7 ,1987,p. 56.(World Health Organization, Internation Agency for Research on Cancer,Lyon, France.: ) (Single copies can be ordered from WHO Publications Centre U.S.A., 49 Sheridan Avenue, Albany, NY 12210) ; Animal Sufficient Evidence IMEMDT    IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man . 10 ,1976,p. 231.(World Health Organization, Internation Agency for Research on Cancer,Lyon, France.: ) (Single copies can be ordered from WHO Publications Centre U.S.A., 49 Sheridan Avenue, Albany, NY 12210) ; Human No Adequate Data IMEMDT    IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man . 10 ,1976,p. 231.(World Health Organization, Internation Agency for Research on Cancer,Lyon, France.: ) (Single copies can be ordered from WHO Publications Centre U.S.A., 49 Sheridan Avenue, Albany, NY 12210) . Community Right-To-Know List. EPA Genetic Toxicology Program. Reported in EPA TSCA Inventory.

Safrole Specification

The Safrole, with the CAS registry number 94-59-7, is also known as 4-Allyl-1,2-methylenedioxybenzene. It belongs to the product category of Aromatic Ethers. Its EINECS number is 202-345-4. This chemical's molecular formula is C10H10O2 and molecular weight is 162.19. What's more, its systematic name is 5-Allyl-1,3-benzodioxole. Its classification codes are: (1)Mutation data; (2)Natural Product; (3)Reproductive Effect; (4)Skin / Eye Irritant; (5)Tumor data. This chemical should be stored in a galvanized iron bucket or glass bottle which are placed in cool and dry places. Moreover, it should be protected from heat and fire. It is a colorless or slightly yellow oily liquid. It is typically extracted from the root-bark or the fruit of sassafras plants in the form of sassafras oil or synthesized from other related methylenedioxy compounds. It is the principal component of brown camphor oil, and is found in small amounts in a wide variety of plants, where it functions as a natural pesticide. 

Physical properties of Safrole are: (1)ACD/LogP: 3.098; (2)# of Rule of 5 Violations: 0; (3)ACD/LogD (pH 5.5): 3.10; (4)ACD/LogD (pH 7.4): 3.10; (5)ACD/BCF (pH 5.5): 133.13; (6)ACD/BCF (pH 7.4): 133.13; (7)ACD/KOC (pH 5.5): 1153.87; (8)ACD/KOC (pH 7.4): 1153.87; (9)#H bond acceptors: 2; (10)#H bond donors: 0; (11)#Freely Rotating Bonds: 2; (12)Polar Surface Area: 18.46 Å2; (13)Index of Refraction: 1.551; (14)Molar Refractivity: 46.322 cm3; (15)Molar Volume: 145.029 cm3; (16)Polarizability: 18.363×10-24cm3; (17)Surface Tension: 41.5 dyne/cm; (18)Density: 1.118 g/cm3; (19)Flash Point: 97.778 °C; (20)Enthalpy of Vaporization: 45.072 kJ/mol; (21)Boiling Point: 233.087 °C at 760 mmHg; (22)Vapour Pressure: 0.09 mmHg at 25°C.

Preparation of Safrole: this chemical can be prepared by 1-benzo[1,3]dioxol-5-yl-but-3-yn-2-ol at the temperature of 110 °C. This reaction will need reagents tris(1-pyrazolyl)borate]Ru(PPh3)(CH3CN)2·PF6, LiOTf and solvent toluene with the reaction time of 5 hours. The yield is about 70%.

Safrole can be prepared by 1-benzo[1,3]dioxol-5-yl-but-3-yn-2-ol at the temperature of 110 °C

Uses of Safrole: it can be used to produce 5-oxiranylmethyl-benzo[1,3]dioxole at the ambient temperature. It will need reagent CH3CO3H and solvent CHCl3 with the reaction time of 72 hours. The yield is about 80%.

Safrole can be used to produce 5-oxiranylmethyl-benzo[1,3]dioxole at the ambient temperature

When you are using this chemical, please be cautious about it as the following:
This chemical is harmful if swallowed. It may cause cancer and has a possible risk of irreversible effects. It should be avoided exposure, and you need to obtain special instructions before use. In case of accident or if you feel unwell, you must seek medical advice immediately (show the label where possible).

You can still convert the following datas into molecular structure:
(1)SMILES: C=CCc1ccc2OCOc2c1
(2)Std. InChI: InChI=1S/C10H10O2/c1-2-3-8-4-5-9-10(6-8)12-7-11-9/h2,4-6H,1,3,7H2
(3)Std. InChIKey: ZMQAAUBTXCXRIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N

The toxicity data is as follows:  

Organism Test Type Route Reported Dose (Normalized Dose) Effect Source
mouse LD50 oral 2350mg/kg (2350mg/kg) BEHAVIORAL: ATAXIA

BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY)
Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. Vol. 2, Pg. 327, 1964.
mouse LD50 subcutaneous 1020mg/kg (1020mg/kg) BEHAVIORAL: EXCITEMENT Sapporo Igaku Zasshi. Sapporo Medical Journal. Vol. 3, Pg. 73, 1952.
rabbit LD50 skin > 5gm/kg (5000mg/kg)   Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. Vol. 12, Pg. 983, 1974.
rabbit LDLo intravenous 200mg/kg (200mg/kg) VASCULAR: BP LOWERING NOT CHARACTERIZED IN AUTONOMIC SECTION

VASCULAR: BP ELEVATION NOT CHARACTERIZED IN AUTONOMIC SECTION
Archiv fuer Experimentelle Pathologie und Pharmakologie. Vol. 35, Pg. 342, 1895.
rabbit LDLo oral 1gm/kg (1000mg/kg) BEHAVIORAL: ATAXIA

PERIPHERAL NERVE AND SENSATION: SPASTIC PARALYSIS WITH OR WITHOUT SENSORY CHANGE

KIDNEY, URETER, AND BLADDER: OTHER CHANGES IN URINE COMPOSITION
Archiv fuer Experimentelle Pathologie und Pharmakologie. Vol. 35, Pg. 342, 1895.
rabbit LDLo subcutaneous 1gm/kg (1000mg/kg) BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY)

PERIPHERAL NERVE AND SENSATION: SPASTIC PARALYSIS WITH OR WITHOUT SENSORY CHANGE
Archiv fuer Experimentelle Pathologie und Pharmakologie. Vol. 35, Pg. 342, 1895.
rat LD50 oral 1950mg/kg (1950mg/kg) BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY) Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. Vol. 7, Pg. 18, 1965.