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CAS No.: | 83-79-4 |
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Name: | ROTENONE |
Molecular Structure: | |
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Formula: | C23H22O6 |
Molecular Weight: | 394.424 |
Synonyms: | Rotenone(7CI);[1]Benzopyrano[3,4-b]furo[2,3-h][1]benzopyran-6(6aH)-one,1,2,12,12a-tetrahydro-8,9-dimethoxy-2-(1-methylethenyl)-, [2R-(2a,6aa,12aa)]-;[1]Benzopyrano[3,4-b]furo[2,3-h][1]benzopyran-6(6aaH)-one, 1,2,12,12aa-tetrahydro-2a-isopropenyl-8,9-dimethoxy-(8CI);(-)-Rotenone;(-)-cis-Rotenone;5'b-Rotenone;Cube-Pulver;Dactinol;Deril;Derrin;Derris;Derris (insecticide);Dri-kil;Liquid Derris;NSC 26258;NSC 8505;Nicouline;Noxfish;Paraderil;Rotenone; |
EINECS: | 201-501-9 |
Density: | 1.271 g/cm3 |
Melting Point: | 159-164 °C |
Boiling Point: | 559.8 °C at 760 mmHg |
Flash Point: | 244.6 °C |
Solubility: | 0.2 mg/L at 20 °C in water |
Appearance: | white or off-white powder |
Hazard Symbols: |
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Risk Codes: | 25-36/37/38-50/53 |
Safety: | 22-24/25-36-45-60-61 |
Transport Information: | UN 2811 6.1/PG 3 |
PSA: | 63.22000 |
LogP: | 3.70330 |
(6aS,12aS,5'R)-rotenone enol acetate
rotenone
Conditions | Yield |
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With hydrogenchloride In methanol for 2h; Heating; | 83% |
diazomethane
(2R,6aS,12aS)-8-hydroxy-9-methoxy-2-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-1,2,12,12a- tetrahydrochromeno[3,4-b]furo[2,3-h]chromen-6(6aH)-one
rotenone
Conditions | Yield |
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In diethyl ether | 59% |
2-((2R,6aS,12aS)-8,9-dimethoxy-1,2,6,6a,12,12a-hexahydrochromeno[3,4-b]furo[2,3-h]chromen-2-yl)propan-2-ol
A
rotenone
B
Isorotenone
Conditions | Yield |
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With Burgess Reagent In toluene for 0.5h; Reflux; | A 50% B 13% |
With Burgess Reagent In toluene for 0.5h; Inert atmosphere; Reflux; | A 50% B 13% |
2-((2R,6aS,12aS)-8,9-dimethoxy-1,2,6,6a,12,12a-hexahydrochromeno[3,4-b]furo[2,3-h]chromen-2-yl)propan-2-ol
rotenone
Conditions | Yield |
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With pyridine; thionyl chloride at 0℃; for 0.5h; | 40% |
(6aS,12aR,5'R)-(trans)-(+)-rotenone
rotenone
Conditions | Yield |
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With hydrogenchloride In methanol; chloroform for 2h; |
(6aR,12aS,5'R)-rotenone
rotenone
Conditions | Yield |
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With hydrogenchloride In methanol; chloroform | |
With hydrogenchloride In methanol; chloroform epimerisation; |
Conditions | Yield |
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With acetic acid; zinc(II) chloride; zinc In water at 100℃; for 2.5h; | 20 mg |
Conditions | Yield |
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Multi-step reaction with 2 steps 1: 31 mg / diisobutyaluminium hydride / toluene; tetrahydrofuran / 1 h / -78 °C 2: aq. HCl / methanol; CHCl3 / 2 h View Scheme | |
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps 1: di-isobutylaluminium hydride 2: hydrogen chloride / methanol; CHCl3 / epimerisation View Scheme |
(6aS,12aS,5′R)-rotenone-6′-norketone
A
rotenone
Conditions | Yield |
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Multi-step reaction with 3 steps 1: 50 percent / conc. H2SO4 / 3 h / Heating 2: 1.) n-BuLi / 1.) THF, 35 deg C, 5 min, 2.) THF, 1 h 3: 83 percent / conc. HCl / methanol / 2 h / Heating View Scheme |
rotenone 6'-norketone enol acetate
A
rotenone
Conditions | Yield |
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Multi-step reaction with 2 steps 1: 1.) n-BuLi / 1.) THF, 35 deg C, 5 min, 2.) THF, 1 h 2: 83 percent / conc. HCl / methanol / 2 h / Heating View Scheme |
Emmanuel Geoffroy first isolated rotenone from a specimen of Rotenone (CAS NO.83-79-4), now called Lonchocarpus nicou, while traveling in French Guiana.He wrote about this research in his thesis, published posthumously in 1895 after his death from a parasitic disease.Researchers later determined that the substance which Geoffroy termed nicouline was identically rotenone.
OSHA PEL: TWA 5 mg/m3
ACGIH TLV: TWA 5 mg/m3; Not Classifiable as a Human Carcinogen
DFG MAK: 5 mg/m3
For occupational chemical analysis use NIOSH: Rotenone, 5007.
The systematic name of Rotenone is (2R,6aS,12aS)-8,9-dimethoxy-2-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-1,2,12,12a-tetrahydrochromeno[3,4-b]furo[2,3-h]chromen-6(6aH)-one. With the CAS registry number 83-79-4, it is also named as (-)-cis-Rotenone. The product's categories are Miscellaneous Natural Products; Alpha sort; Botanicals Pesticides & Metabolites; Q-ZAnalytical Standards; Botanicals Analytical Standards; Alphabetic; Insecticides; Pesticides; R; Mitochondrial Inhibitors; Cell Stress; Nitric Oxide and Cell Stress; Asymmetric Synthesis; Chiral Building Blocks; Complex Molecules, and the other registry number is 12679-58-2. Besides, it is white or off-white powder, which should be sealed in plastic bags in a cool, dry and ventilated place. It is stable, but light and air sensitive. In addition, its molecular formula is C23H22O6 and molecular weight is 394.42.
The other characteristics of Rotenonecan be summarized as:
(1)EINECS: 201-501-9; (2)ACD/LogP: 4.65; (3)# of Rule of 5 Violations: 0; (4)ACD/LogD (pH 5.5): 4.65; (5)ACD/LogD (pH 7.4): 4.65; (6)ACD/BCF (pH 5.5): 2007.36; (7)ACD/BCF (pH 7.4): 2007.36; (8)ACD/KOC (pH 5.5): 8046.68; (9)ACD/KOC (pH 7.4): 8046.68; (10)#H bond acceptors: 6; (11)#H bond donors: 0; (12)#Freely Rotating Bonds: 3; (13)Index of Refraction: 1.591; (14)Molar Refractivity: 104.92 cm3; (15)Molar Volume: 310.2 cm3; (16)Surface Tension: 45.3 dyne/cm; (17)Density: 1.271 g/cm3; (18)Flash Point: 244.6 °C; (19)Melting Point: 159-164 °C; (20)alpha: -115 °(c=1.4 in chloroform); (21)Water Solubility: 0.2 mg/L at 20 °C; (22)Enthalpy of Vaporization: 84.22 kJ/mol; (23)Boiling Point: 559.8 °C at 760 mmHg; (24)Vapour Pressure: 1.45E-12 mmHg at 25 °C.
Preparation of Rotenone:
This chemical can be prepared by extraction from the roots and stems of several tropical and subtropical plant species with organic solvents. And then concentrate extract liquor. At last, you would obtain this chemical after filtration and crystallization.
Uses of Rotenone:
Rotenone:can be used as a broad-spectrum insecticide, piscicide, and pesticide. It is also used for studying of the biodiversity of marine fishes to collect cryptic, or hidden, fishes by fish researchers. And it has been used to reduce parasitic mites on chickens and other fowl in powdered form. Furthermore, it is used for the garden as an excellent organic pesticide dust.
Safety Information of Rotenone:
When you are using Rotenone, please be cautious about it as the following: it is toxic if swallowed. Please do not breathe dust. It is also irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin. Youi should wear suitable protective clothing to avoid contact with skin and eyes. Moreover, this chemical is very toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. And this material and its container must be disposed of as hazardous waste. Please avoid release to the environment, and refer to special instructions / safety data sheets. Additionally, in case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible.)
People can use the following data to convert to the molecule structure.
(1)SMILES: O=C2c5ccc1O[C@@H](C(=C)\C)Cc1c5O[C@H]3[C@@H]2c4c(OC3)cc(OC)c(OC)c4
(2)InChI: InChI=1/C23H22O6/c1-11(2)16-8-14-15(28-16)6-5-12-22(24)21-13-7-18(25-3)19(26-4)9-17(13)27-10-20(21)29-23(12)14/h5-7,9,16,20-21H,1,8,10H2,2-4H3/t16-,20-,21+/m1/s1
(3)InChIKey: JUVIOZPCNVVQFO-HBGVWJBIBF
The toxicity data of Rotenone is as follows:
Organism | Test Type | Route | Reported Dose (Normalized Dose) | Effect | Source |
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cat | LDLo | intravenous | 650ug/kg (0.65mg/kg) | BEHAVIORAL: ATAXIA LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: RESPIRATORY STIMULATION GASTROINTESTINAL: NAUSEA OR VOMITING | Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. Vol. 43, Pg. 193, 1931. |
dog | LDLo | intravenous | 650ug/kg (0.65mg/kg) | BEHAVIORAL: ATAXIA LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: RESPIRATORY STIMULATION GASTROINTESTINAL: NAUSEA OR VOMITING | Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. Vol. 43, Pg. 193, 1931. |
dog | LDLo | oral | 300mg/kg (300mg/kg) | GASTROINTESTINAL: ULCERATION OR BLEEDING FROM STOMACH GASTROINTESTINAL: NAUSEA OR VOMITING | Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. Vol. 43, Pg. 193, 1931. |
duck | LD50 | oral | > 2gm/kg (2000mg/kg) | Down to Earth. Vol. 35, Pg. 25, 1979. | |
frog | LDLo | oral | 4mg/kg (4mg/kg) | LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: DYSPNEA | Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. Vol. 43, Pg. 193, 1931. |
guinea pig | LDLo | intraperitoneal | 10mg/kg (10mg/kg) | BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD BEHAVIORAL: ATAXIA LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION | Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. Vol. 34, Pg. 135, 1936. |
guinea pig | LDLo | oral | 100mg/kg (100mg/kg) | LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: CHRONIC PULMONARY EDEMA GASTROINTESTINAL: ULCERATION OR BLEEDING FROM STOMACH | Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. Vol. 34, Pg. 135, 1936. |
human | LDLo | oral | 143mg/kg (143mg/kg) | GASTROINTESTINAL: OTHER CHANGES | "Toxicology of Drugs and Chemicals," Deichmann, W.B., New York, Academic Press, Inc., 1969Vol. -, Pg. 521, 1969. |
man | LDLo | unreported | 294mg/kg (294mg/kg) | "Poisoning; Toxicology, Symptoms, Treatments," 2nd ed., Arena, J.M., Springfield, IL, C.C. Thomas, 1970Vol. 2, Pg. 73, 1970. | |
mouse | LD50 | intraperitoneal | 2650ug/kg (2.65mg/kg) | Radiation Research. Vol. 91, Pg. 186, 1982. | |
mouse | LD50 | oral | 2800ug/kg (2.8mg/kg) | EHP, Environmental Health Perspectives. Vol. 14, Pg. 109, 1976. | |
pig | LDLo | oral | 3700ug/kg (3.7mg/kg) | BEHAVIORAL: ATAXIA GASTROINTESTINAL: NAUSEA OR VOMITING LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION | Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. Vol. 130, Pg. 410, 1957. |
pigeon | LDLo | intravenous | 1mg/kg (1mg/kg) | BEHAVIORAL: ATAXIA LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: RESPIRATORY STIMULATION GASTROINTESTINAL: NAUSEA OR VOMITING | Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. Vol. 43, Pg. 193, 1931. |
rabbit | LD50 | skin | > 1gm/kg (1000mg/kg) | Special Publication of the Entomological Society of America. Vol. 78-1, Pg. 5, 1978. | |
rabbit | LDLo | intramuscular | 5mg/kg (5mg/kg) | Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. Vol. 43, Pg. 193, 1931. | |
rabbit | LDLo | intravenous | 350ug/kg (0.35mg/kg) | BEHAVIORAL: ATAXIA BEHAVIORAL: MUSCLE CONTRACTION OR SPASTICITY) LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: RESPIRATORY STIMULATION | Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. Vol. 43, Pg. 193, 1931. |
rabbit | LDLo | oral | 1600mg/kg (1600mg/kg) | GASTROINTESTINAL: ULCERATION OR BLEEDING FROM STOMACH GASTROINTESTINAL: "HYPERMOTILITY, DIARRHEA" | Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. Vol. 43, Pg. 193, 1931. |
rabbit | LDLo | subcutaneous | 20mg/kg (20mg/kg) | Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. Vol. 43, Pg. 193, 1931. | |
rat | LCLo | inhalation | 500mg/m3/30M (500mg/m3) | Farmaco, Edizione Scientifica. Vol. 20, Pg. 270, 1965. | |
rat | LD50 | intraperitoneal | 1600ug/kg (1.6mg/kg) | BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD CARDIAC: PULSE RATE INCREASE WITHOUT FALL IN BP BEHAVIORAL: COMA | Farmaco, Edizione Scientifica. Vol. 20, Pg. 270, 1965. |
rat | LD50 | intravenous | 200ug/kg (0.2mg/kg) | BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD BEHAVIORAL: COMA CARDIAC: PULSE RATE INCREASE WITHOUT FALL IN BP | Farmaco, Edizione Scientifica. Vol. 20, Pg. 270, 1965. |
rat | LD50 | oral | 60mg/kg (60mg/kg) | Down to Earth. Vol. 35, Pg. 25, 1979. | |
rat | LD50 | skin | > 940mg/kg (940mg/kg) | World Review of Pest Control. Vol. 9, Pg. 119, 1970. | |
rat | LD50 | unreported | 132mg/kg (132mg/kg) | Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part B: Pesticides, Food Contaminants, and Agricultural Wastes. Vol. 15, Pg. 929, 1980. |