999-81-5 Usage
Chemical Properties
Different sources of media describe the Chemical Properties of 999-81-5 differently. You can refer to the following data:
1. white or light yellow crystals
2. Chlormequat chloride is a white to yellowish
crystalline solid with a fish-like odor.
Uses
Different sources of media describe the Uses of 999-81-5 differently. You can refer to the following data:
1. Chlorocholine Chloride is a plant growth regulator that is primarily used on ornamental plants.
2. Plant growth regulator on ornamental plants.
Definition
A phytocidal bipyridilium quaternary ammonium
salt.
General Description
White crystals with a fishlike odor. Used as a plant growth regulator. Said to be effective for cereal grains, tomatoes, and peppers.
Air & Water Reactions
Very hygroscopic. Water soluble. Aqueous solutions are acidic.
Reactivity Profile
Chlormequat chloride is incompatible with strong oxidizing agents. Chlormequat chloride is corrosive to unprotected metals.
Hazard
Toxic; corrosive.
Health Hazard
Inhalation of spray and prolonged or repeated contact with skin should be avoided.
Fire Hazard
Flash point data for Chlormequat chloride are not available; however, Chlormequat chloride is probably combustible.
Agricultural Uses
Plant growth regulator: Said to be effective for cereal grains, tomatoes, and peppers; cotton, grapes, mango, tobacco, vegetables. In California, major uses are in greenhouse plants and flowers and in nurseries, including geraniums, azaleas, hibiscus.
Trade name
AC 38555?; ADJUST?, ATLAS CHLORMEQUAT?; CCC PLANT GROWTH REGULANT?; 60-CS-16?; CYCLOCEL?; CYCOCEL?; CYCOCEL-EXTRA?; CYCOGAN?; CYCOGAN EXTRA?; CYOCEL?; EI 38,555?; HICO CCC?; HORMOCEL-2CCC?; INCRECEL?; LIHOCIN?; RETACEL?; RETACIL?; STABILAN?; TUR?; WR 62?
Biochem/physiol Actions
Chlormequat (Chlorocholine) chloride is a synthetic plant growth regulator that inhibits gibberellin (GA) biosynthesis. It is used to study the mechanisms and effects of gibberellins on plant cell growth and differentiation.
Safety Profile
Human poison by
ingestion and intravenous routes.
Moderately toxic by skin contact. Human
systemic effects: respiratory depression.
Questionable carcinogen with experimental
neoplastigenic data. Mutation data reported.
Potential Exposure
People engaged in the manufacture,
formulation, and application of this plant growth regulator
said to be effective for cereal grains, tomatoes, and
peppers.
Shipping
UN2811 Toxic solids, organic, n.o.s., Hazard
Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials, Technical
Name Required.
Incompatibilities
Chlormequat chloride decomposes on
heating or in fire forming nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen chloride fumes. This chemical decomposes on heating with strong aqueous alkali solutions
forming trimethylamine and other gaseous products.
Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Attacks many metals in presence of water.
Waste Disposal
Incinerate in a unit with effluent gas scrubbing.
Check Digit Verification of cas no
The CAS Registry Mumber 999-81-5 includes 6 digits separated into 3 groups by hyphens. The first part of the number,starting from the left, has 3 digits, 9,9 and 9 respectively; the second part has 2 digits, 8 and 1 respectively.
Calculate Digit Verification of CAS Registry Number 999-81:
(5*9)+(4*9)+(3*9)+(2*8)+(1*1)=125
125 % 10 = 5
So 999-81-5 is a valid CAS Registry Number.
InChI:InChI=1/C5H13ClNO.ClH/c1-7(2,3)4-5(6)8;/h5,8H,4H2,1-3H3;1H/q+1;/p-1
999-81-5Relevant articles and documents
Bifunctional phenolic-choline conjugates as anti-oxidants and acetylcholinesterase inhibitors
Sebestik, Jaroslav,Marques, Sergio M.,Fale, Pedro L.,Santos, Susana,Arduino, Daniela M.,Cardoso, Sandra M.,Oliveira, Catarina R.,Serralheiro, M. Luisa M.,Santos, M. Amelia
experimental part, p. 485 - 497 (2012/05/19)
Because of the complex cascade of molecular events that can occur in the brain of an Alzheimer's disease (AD) patient, the therapy of this neurodegenerative disease seems more likely to be achieved by multifunctional drugs. Herein, a new series of dual-targeting ligands have been developed and in vitro bioevaluated. Their architecture is based on conjugating the acetylcholinesterase inhibition and anti-oxidant properties in one molecular entity. Specifically, a series of naturally occurring phenolic acids with recognized anti-oxidant properties (derivatives of caffeic acid, rosmarinic acid, and trolox) have been conjugated with choline to account for the recognition by acetylcholinesterase (AChE). The synthesized hybrid compounds evidenced AChE inhibitory capacity of micromolar range (rationalized by molecular modeling studies) and good antioxidant properties. Their effects on human neuroblastoma cells, previously treated with beta-amyloid peptides and 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion neurotoxins (to simulate AD and Parkinson's disease, respectively), also demonstrated a considerable capacity for protection against the cytotoxicity of these stressors.
QUATERNIZATION OF TERTIARY AMINES WITH 1,2-DICHLOROETHANE. I. REACTION OF TRIMETHYLAMINE WITH 1,2-DICHLOROETHANE IN ABSENCE OF SOLVENT
Kirkach, V. I.,Tereshchenko, G. F.,Boldyrev, A. V.,Mizina, N. A.
, p. 1243 - 1248 (2007/10/02)
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5,6-Dihydro-1,2,4,6-thiatriazin-5-one-1,1-dioxides
-
, (2008/06/13)
5,6-Dihydro-1,2,4,6-thiatriazin-5-one-1,1-dioxides of the formula STR1 where R1 is hydrogen, a metal atom or an unsubstituted or substituted ammonium radical, R2 is a saturated or unsaturated straight-chain aliphatic radical of up to 10 carbon atoms, a cycloaliphatic radical or 3 to 7 carbon atoms, a branched saturated or unsaturated aliphatic radical of 3 to 10 carbon atoms, a halogen-, alkoxy- or alkylmercapto-substituted aliphatic radical of 2 to 10 carbon atoms tetrahydrofuryl substituted methyl, a cycloalkoxy-substituted aliphatic radical of 4 to 10 carbon atoms, unsubstituted or halogen-substituted benzyl or phenyl, halophenyl, or alkylphenyl of a total of up to 10 carbon atoms, R3 is hydrogen, a straight-chain aliphatic radical of up to 10 carbon atoms, a cycloaliphatic radical of 3 to 7 carbon atoms, a branched aliphatic radical of 3 to 10 carbon atoms, haloalkyl, or alkoxyalkyl of 2 to 10 carbon atoms and X is oxygen and may also be sulfur if R2 is unsubstituted or halogen-substituted benzyl, processes for their preparation, and herbicides containing the above compounds.
