10138-02-0Relevant articles and documents
Surfactant cocamide monoethanolamide causes eye irritation by activating nociceptor TRPV1 channels
Zhao, Fang,Wang, Shuangyan,Li, Yan,Wang, Jin,Wang, Yujing,Zhang, Chunlei,Li, Yong,Huang, Longjiang,Yu, Ye,Zheng, Jie,Yu, Boyang,Pessah, Isaac N.,Cao, Zhengyu
, p. 3448 - 3462 (2021)
Background and Purpose: Cocamide monoethanolamide (CMEA) is commonly used as a surfactant-foam booster in cosmetic formulations. Upon contact with the eye or other sensitive skin areas, CMEA elicits stinging and lasting irritation. We hypothesized a specific molecular interaction with TRPV1 channels by which CMEA caused eye irritation. Experimental Approach: Eye irritancy was evaluated using eye-wiping tests in rabbits and mice. Intracellular Ca2+ concentrations and action potentials were measured using Ca2+ imaging and current clamp respectively. Voltage clamp, site-direct mutagenesis and molecular modelling were used to identify binding pockets for CMEA on TRPV1 channels. Key Results: CMEA-induced eye irritation is ameliorated by selective ablation of TRPV1 channels.Rodents exhibit much stronger responses to CMEA than rabbits. In trigeminal ganglion neurons, CMEA induced Ca2+ influx and neuronal excitability, effects mitigated by a TRPV1 channel inhibition and absent in TRPV1 knockout neurons. In HEK-293 cells expressing TRPV1 channels, CMEA increased whole-cell currents by increasing channel open probability (EC50 = 10.2?μM), without affecting TRPV2, TRPV3, TRPV4, and TRPA1 channel activities. Lauric acid monoethanolamide (LAMEA), the most abundant constituent of CMEA, was the most efficacious and potent TRPV1 channel activator, binding to the capsaicin-binding pocket of the channel. The T550I mutants of rabbit and human TRPV1 channels exhibit much lower sensitivity to LAMEA. Conclusions and Implication: CMEA directly activates TRPV1 channels to produce eye irritation. Rabbits, the standard animal used for eye irritancy tests are poor models for evaluating human eye irritants structurally related to CMEA. Our study identifies potential alternatives to CMEA as non-irritating surfactants.
Low molecular organic compound as well as preparation method and application thereof
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Paragraph 0042-0043; 0051; 0055, (2018/04/02)
The invention discloses a low molecular organic compound. The chemical name of the compound is 3-formylphenyl-4-((2-lauramide ethyl) amino)-4-oxobutanoate; the chemical formula of the compound is C25H38N2O5; and the compound is prepared by the following steps: performing a reaction on lauryl chloride and ethanediamine, performing a reaction on a reaction product and succinic anhydride, so as to prepare an intermediate, and finally, performing a reaction on the intermediate and hydroxybenzaldehyde. According to the low molecular organic compound disclosed by the invention, stable organogel canbe formed in an organic solvent containing alkyl primary amines compounds; the low molecular organic compound can be taken as a detection reagent of the alkyl primary amines compounds and is used forqualitatively detecting whether the alkyl primary amines compounds are contained or not in solution or industrial effluent.
A polymerizable monomer preparation method and application of
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Paragraph 0084; 0085; 0086, (2018/01/02)
The invention provides a preparation method and application of a polymerizable monomer. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) under the condition of a condensation reaction, enabling aromatic diamine of which the general formula is NH2-(CH2)n-NH2 to be in contact with carboxylic acid of which the general formula is R-COOH so as to obtain an intermediate M as shown in the formula (I); and (2) under the condition of an amidation reaction, enabling the intermediate M to be in contact with the intermediate M so as to obtain the polymerizable monomer as shown in the formula (II), wherein N is an integer of 2-8, and R is alkyl of C11-C24. The purity and the yield of products obtained by the method are high, and the production cost is low. The polymerizable monomer provided by the invention is enabled to be co-polymerized to other monomers, so that an oil-driving polymer with high molecular, high apparent viscosity, excellent heat resistance and excellent salt resistance can be obtained. An oil displacement agent compounded by the polymer and a surfactant has higher stickiness , excellent heat resistance and excellent salt resistance.
ANIONIC-CATIONIC-NONIONIC SURFACTANT,PRODUCTION AND USE THEREOF
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Paragraph 0273; 0278, (2017/11/16)
This invention relates to an anionic-cationic-nonionic surfactant as substantially represented by the formula (I), production and use thereof in tertiary oil recovery. The anionic-cationic-nonionic surfactant of this invention exhibits significantly improved interfacial activity and stability as compared with the prior art. With the present anionic-cationic-nonionic surfactant, a flooding fluid composition for tertiary oil recovery with improved oil displacement efficiency and oil washing capability as compared with the prior art could be produced. In the formula (I), each group is as defined in the specification.
Synthesis and biological evaluation of a new series of N-acyldiamines as potential antibacterial and antifungal agents
Ferreira, Bianca Da S.,De Almeida, Angelina M.,Nascimento, Thiago C.,De Castro, Pedro P.,Silva, Vania L.,Diniz, Claúdio G.,Le Hyaric, Mireille
supporting information, p. 4626 - 4629 (2015/01/08)
In continuation of our efforts to find new antimicrobial compounds, series of fatty N-acyldiamines were prepared from fatty methyl esters and 1,2-ethylenediamine, 1,3-propanediamine or 1,4-butanediamine. The synthesized compounds were screened for their antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis), Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and for their antifungal activity against four species of Candida (C. albicans, C. tropicalis, C. glabrata and C. parapsilosis). Compounds 5a (N-(2-aminoethyl)dodecanamide), 5b (N-(2-aminoethyl)tetracanamide) and 6d (N-(3-aminopropyl)oleamide) were the most active against Gram-positive bacteria, with MIC values ranging from 1 to 16 μg/mL and were evaluated for their activity against 21 clinical isolates of methicillin-resistant S. aureus. All the compounds exhibited good to moderate antifungal activity. Compared to chloramphenicol, compound 6b displayed a similar activity (MIC50= 16 μg/mL). A positive correlation could be established between lipophilicity and biological activity.
Penetration enhancers
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, (2008/06/13)
Pharmaceutical compositions for enhancing absorption of a topically administered formulation through dermal or mucosal membrane, for local or systemic application, comprising one or more agents of formula I: STR1 where: R is a saturated or unsaturated, straight or branched, cyclic or acyclic hydrocarbon group with from 1 to 19 carbon atoms or an alkoxyalkyl group; n is 2-20; X is selected from H, OR2 or NR2 R3 ; wherein R1, R2 and R3 are independently selected from H, alkyl, haloalkyl, acyl, carbalkoxy, carbalkoxyalkyl, hydroyalkyl, acyloxyalkyl, alkoxyalkyl, aminoalkyl- and acylaminoalkyl; i) with the proviso that when n is 2, X is OR2 and R2 is H, then R1 is not hydroxyalkyl, specifically, 2-hydroxyethyl; and ii) with the proviso that when n is 2 and X is NR2 R3, then R1 and R2 may combine to form a heterocyclic ring and R3 is not acyl; and iii) with the proviso that when X is NR2 R3, then R2 and R3 may combine to form a heterocyclic ring; iv) with the proviso that when R is an alkoxyalkyl group then X may be hydrogen and when X is not hydrogen, and v) with the proviso that when X is H, R is not alkyl and R1 is not H and alkyl then R1 and X may combine to form heterocyclic ring and methods of using the same are disclosed.