112-07-2Relevant articles and documents
Dinuclear μ-alkylidene complexes of transition metals as models for the transformation of CH2X2 (X=Cl, Br, I) into malonic acid derivatives by double carbonylation reactions
Denise, B.,Navarre, D.,Rudler, H.,Daran, J. C.
, p. 273 - 289 (1989)
The carbonylation of the μ-alkylidene complexes Fe2(CO)8CH2 (1) and Pd2I2(PPh2CH2PPh2)2CH2 (2) has been studied under a variety of conditions.In the presence of an alcohol ROH, complex 1 gives mainly the acetate CH3CO2R, the product of monocarbonylation, whereas under the same conditions complex 2 gives the malonate CH2(CO2R)2, the product of dicarbonylation.The mechanisms of both reactions are discussed.From the fraction involving 1 a mononuclear complex resulting from the dimerization of ketene has been isolated, and its structure established by an X-ray diffraction study.Olefins such as ethene and norbornene are able to trap the ketene intermediate.The possible participation of such μ-alkylidene complexes in the direct transformation of CH2X2 (X=Cl, Br, I) into malonic acid derivatives is discussed.
Method of Fabricating Glycol Monoalkyl Ether Acetate Using Acidic Ionic Liquid Catalyst
-
Page/Page column 4, (2011/08/06)
A new method for fabricating glycol monoalkyl ether acetate (GMAEA) is provided. A Bronsted acidic ionic liquid is used. After some reactions, two layers of materials are formed. A product of GMAEA is obtained at the upper layer. The lower layer is the ionic liquid. Thus, the ionic liquid is reusable for re-fabricating the product. And, furthermore, waste acid is reduced.
Reusable and efficient polystyrene-supported acidic ionic liquid catalyst for esterifications
Xu, Zhenjin,Wan, Hui,Miao, Jinmei,Han, Mingjuan,Yang, Cao,Guan, Guofeng
experimental part, p. 152 - 157 (2011/01/05)
Polystyrene (PS)-supported 1-(propyl-3-sulfonate) imidazolium hydrosulfate acidic ionic liquid (PS-CH2-[SO3H-pIM][HSO4]) catalyst was prepared by supporting the ionic liquid onto highly cross-linked chloromethylated polystyrene (PS-CH2Cl). FT-IR, SEM and TG-DSC were employed to characterize the structure and property of the catalyst. Results suggested that acidic ionic liquid was supported onto the surface of PS-CH 2Cl by covalent bond. The original rough surface of PS-CH 2Cl was covered with acidic ionic liquid, forming a compact and thin surface layer, and its size had no obvious change. Moreover, the PS-CH 2-[SO3H-pIM][HSO4] catalyst showed a better thermal stability than that of PS-CH2Cl support. It also exhibited high catalytic activity for a series of esterifications. After the catalyst was reused for 13 times in the synthesis of n-butyl acetate, the yield only decreased 7.3%. A reaction mechanism of esterification over this new catalyst was proposed as well.