124-48-1 Usage
Chemical Properties
Different sources of media describe the Chemical Properties of 124-48-1 differently. You can refer to the following data:
1. clear light yellow to orange liquid
2. Dibromochloromethane is a clear colorless liq-
uid.
Uses
Different sources of media describe the Uses of 124-48-1 differently. You can refer to the following data:
1. One of four common trihalomethanes
formed after chlorination of water supplies; in
the past used to make fire extinguisher fluids,spray can propellants, refrigerator fluids, and
pesticides; only small amounts currently produced
for laboratory use
2. A volatile halogenated methane present in trace amounts in drinking water as a result of the water treatment process. It is useful as chain transfer agents in PVC polymerization.
3. Chemical reagent/intermediate in organic synthesis.
General Description
Clear colorless to yellow-orange liquid. Density 2.451 g / cm3. No flash point.
Air & Water Reactions
Insoluble in water.
Reactivity Profile
CHLORODIBROMOMETHANE is incompatible with strong bases, strong oxidizing agents and magnesium
Health Hazard
Chlorodibromomethane is a
central nervous system (CNS) depressant at
extremely high concentrations; it is toxic to
the liver and kidneys of rodents and induces
hepatocellular tumors in mice after long-term
exposure.
In animal studies, the oral LD50 typically
ranges between 800 and 1200 mg/kg.1,2 Acute
signs of intoxication include sedation, flaccid
muscle tone, ataxia, and prostration; death is
due to CNS depression. In cases in which death
does not occur until several days after acute
exposure, hepatic and renal injury may be the
cause of death.
Fire Hazard
CHLORODIBROMOMETHANE is probably combustible.
Safety Profile
Moderately toxic by
ingestion. Questionable carcinogen with
experimental carcinogenic data. Human
mutation data reported. Compounds of this
type are generally irritating and narcotic. See
also BROMOFORM and CHLOROFORM.
When heated to decomposition it emits
toxic fumes of Cland Br-.
Potential Exposure
Dibromochloromethane is used
as a chemical intermediate in the manufacture of fire
extinguishing agents; aerosol propellants; refrigerants, and
pesticides. Dibromochloromethane has been detected in
drinking water in the United States. It is believed to be
formed by the haloform reaction that may occur during
Environmental fate
Biological. Dibromochloromethane showed significant degradation with gradual adaptation in a
static-culture flask-screening test (settled domestic wastewater inoculum) conducted at 25 °C. At
concentrations of 5 and 10 mg/L, percent losses after 4 wk of incubation were 39 and 25,
respectively. At a substrate concentration of 5 mg/L, 16% was lost due to volatilization after 10 d
(Tabak et al., 1981).
Surface Water. The estimated volatilization half-life of dibromochloromethane from rivers and
streams is 45.9 h (Kaczmar et al., 1984).
Photolytic. Water containing 2,000 ng/μL of dibromochloromethane and colloidal platinum
catalyst was irradiated with UV light. After 20 h, dibromochloromethane degraded to 80 ng/μL
bromochloromethane, 22 ng/μL methyl chloride, and 1,050 ng/μL methane. A duplicate
experiment was performed but 1 g zinc was added. After about 1 h, total degradation was
achieved. Presumed transformation products include methane, bromide, and chloride ions (Wang
and Tan, 1988).
Chemical/Physical. The estimated hydrolysis half-life in water at 25 °C and pH 7 is 274 yr
(Mabey and Mill, 1978). Hydrogen gas was bubbled in an aqueous solution containing 18.8 μmol
dibromochloromethane. After 24 h, only 18% of the dibromochloromethane reacted to form
methane and minor traces of ethane. In the presence of colloidal platinum catalyst, the reaction
proceeded at a much faster rate forming the same end products (Wang et al., 1988).
Shipping
UN2810 Toxic liquids, organic, n.o.s., Hazard
Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials, Technical
Incompatibilities
Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates,
nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine,
bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explo-
sions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases,
strong acids, oxoacids, epoxides, and magnesium.
Waste Disposal
May be destroyed by high-
temperature incinerator equipped with an HCl scrubber.
Check Digit Verification of cas no
The CAS Registry Mumber 124-48-1 includes 6 digits separated into 3 groups by hyphens. The first part of the number,starting from the left, has 3 digits, 1,2 and 4 respectively; the second part has 2 digits, 4 and 8 respectively.
Calculate Digit Verification of CAS Registry Number 124-48:
(5*1)+(4*2)+(3*4)+(2*4)+(1*8)=41
41 % 10 = 1
So 124-48-1 is a valid CAS Registry Number.
InChI:InChI=1/CHBr2Cl/c2-1(3)4/h1H
124-48-1Relevant articles and documents
Brominated-trihalomethane formation from phenolic derivatives as a model of humic materials by the reaction with hypochlorite and hypobromite ions
Ichihashi, Keiko,Teranishi, Kiyoshi,Ichimura, Akio
, p. 957 - 958 (1999)
Among the 21 phenolic derivatives tested for the model system of the disinfection process in the natural water containing humic acid, 2-hydroxytoluene and 2,6-dihydroxybenzoic acid produced high yields of CHBr3 under the co-existence of NaOCl and NaOBr. In the study of distribution of THMs produced, the amount of CHBr3 increased with the relative concentration of NaOCl added to NaOBr. These results were similar to the case of halogenation of the humic acid under the co-existence of NaOCl and NaOBr.
Fe3O4-Catalyzed Halogen-Exchange Reactions of Polyhalomethanes
Nakada, Masahiro,Tokumoto, Sei-ichi,Hirota, Minoru
, p. 3979 - 3984 (1987)
Triiron tetraoxide pretreated by polyhalomethane was shown to catalyze the halogen-exchange reaction of polyhalomethanes CHlBrmCln (l=1 or 2).The exchange proceeds consecutively giving, for example, CHBrCl2, CHBr2Cl, and C
Brominated trihalomethane formation in halogenation of humic acid in the coexistence of hypochlorite and hypobromite ions
Ichihashi, Keiko,Teranishi, Kiyoshi,Ichimura, Akio
, p. 477 - 483 (1999)
Brominated trihalomethanes (Br-THMs) such as CHCl2Br, CHClBr2, and CHBr3 are produced by the reaction of hypobromite with humic acid in the presence of hypochlorite. In the presence of excess NaOCl, addition of NaOBr enhanced the formation of Br-THMs but reduced the formation of CHCl3. The product distribution of THMs was affected by the ratio of [NaOBr]/[NaOCl] and was independent of pH and reaction time. In the presence of excess NaOBr, the yield of CHBr3 only increased linearly with the NaOCl concentration added. However, the other three THMs were hardly produced even though NaOCl concentration was increased up to 0.5 of the [NaOCl]/[NaOBr] molar ratio. Our results suggest that in the process of THM formation, hypochlorite ion reacts effectively with humic acid in the oxidation reaction and hypobromous acid plays a predominant role in the electrophilic substitution when both of hypohalites are present. Brominated trihalomethanes (Br-THMs) such as CHCl2Br, CHClBr2, and CHBr3 are produced by the reaction of hypobromite with humic acid in the presence of hypochlorite. In the presence of excess NaOCl, addition of NaOBr enhanced the formation of Br-THMs but reduced the formation of CHCl3. The product distribution of THMs was affected by the ratio of [NaOBr]/[NaOCl] and was independent of pH and reaction time. In the presence of excess NaOBr, the yield of CHBr3 only increased linearly with the NaOCl concentration added. However, the other three THMs were hardly-produced even though NaOCl concentration was increased up to 0.5 of the [NaOCl]/[NaOBr] molar ratio. Our results suggest that in the process of THM formation, hypochlorite ion reacts effectively with humic acid in the oxidation reaction and hypobromous acid plays a predominant role in the electrophilic substitution when both of hypohalites are present.
Facile halogen exchange reactions: Chloroform with bromoform and carbon tetrachloride with carbon tetrabromide
Orvik, Jon A.
, p. 4933 - 4936 (1996)
Both of the title systems undergo rapid halogen exchange (half-life ca. 1-2 min) in N-methylpyrolidinone with catalytic sodium hydroxide at room temperature. Yet they differ markedly in response to added p-dinitrobenzene. The rate of the haloform exchange is unaffected, whereas the rate of the carbon tetrahalide exchange is severely retarded. The known base-induced halogen exchange reaction between chloroform and bromoform is shown not to proceed through a reversible carbene intermediate as claimed in the literature. It appears to be best described in terms of the so-called RARP mechanism (radical anion-radical pair). The mechanism proposed for the rapid exchange between carbon tetrachloride and carbon tetrabromide is initial electron transfer, halide ion loss, and ensuing radical chain scrambling of halogen atoms. The acronym RARC, standing for radical anion-radical chain, is proposed.
MANUFACTURE OF DICHLOROPROPANOL
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Page/Page column 19-21, (2009/03/07)
Manufacture of dichloropropanol Process for manufacturing dichloropropa nol wherein a glycerol-based product comprising at least one diol containi ng at least 3 carbon atoms other than 1,2- propanediol, is reacted with a chlorinati ng agent, and of products derived from dichloropropanol such as ep ichlorohydrin and epoxy resins. No figure.
