130622-08-1Relevant articles and documents
A concise synthesis of (S)-(-)-3-(2-carboxy-4-pyrrolyl)-alanine
Adamczyk, Maciej,Johnson, Donald D.,Reddy, Rajarathnam E.
, p. 3063 - 3068 (2000)
A convergent synthesis of (S)-(-)-3-(2-carboxy-4-pyrrolyl)-alanine (CPA) 1, a non-proteinogenic amino acid is described starting from a commercially available dimethyl L-aspartate 2 in good overall yield. Copyright (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd.
Visualizing the reaction cycle in an Iron(II)- and 2-(Oxo)-glutarate-dependent hydroxylase
Mitchell, Andrew J.,Dunham, Noah P.,Martinie, Ryan J.,Bergman, Jonathan A.,Pollock, Christopher J.,Hu, Kai,Allen, Benjamin D.,Chang, Wei-Chen,Silakov, Alexey,Bollinger, J. Martin,Krebs, Carsten,Boal, Amie K.
, p. 13830 - 13836 (2017)
Iron(II)- and 2-(oxo)-glutarate-dependent oxygenases catalyze diverse oxidative transformations that are often initiated by abstraction of hydrogen from carbon by iron(IV)-oxo (ferryl) complexes. Control of the relative orientation of the substrate C-H and ferryl Fe-O bonds, primarily by direction of the oxo group into one of two cisrelated coordination sites (termed inline and offline), may be generally important for control of the reaction outcome. Neither the ferryl complexes nor their fleeting precursors have been crystallographically characterized, hindering direct experimental validation of the offline hypothesis and elucidation of the means by which the protein might dictate an alternative oxo position. Comparison of high-resolution X-ray crystal structures of the substrate complex, an Fe(II)-peroxysuccinate ferryl precursor, and a vanadium(IV)-oxo mimic of the ferryl intermediate in the L-arginine 3-hydroxylase, VioC, reveals coordinated motions of active site residues that appear to control the intermediate geometries to determine reaction outcome.
A facile synthesis of (S)-gizzerosine, a potent agonist of the histamine H2-receptor
Fanning, Kate N.,Sutherland, Andrew
, p. 8479 - 8481 (2007)
A simple and direct approach for the synthesis of (S)-gizzerosine, an amino acid responsible for the disease, black vomit, and a potent histamine H2-receptor, has been developed in 10 steps and in 31% overall yield from l-aspartic acid. The key steps involved a two-carbon homologation of an l-aspartic acid semi-aldehyde and direct alkylation of unprotected histamine with a 6-hydroxynorleucine derivative.
Geometric changes around an N atom due to a urethane-type bis(tert-butoxycarbonyl) substituent
Wojewska, Dominika,Kluczyk, Alicja,Slepokura, Katarzyna
, p. 82 - 86 (2013)
Two crystal structures of urethane-protected derivatives of aspartic acid dimethyl ester are presented, namely dimethyl (2S)-2-[(tert-butoxycarbonyl) amino]butanedioate, C11H19NO6, and dimethyl (2S)-2-{bis[(tert-butoxycarbonyl]amino}butanedioate, C16H 27NO8. The geometry at the N atom is discussed and compared with similar structures. The analysis of singly and doubly N-substituted derivatives reveals an elongation of all bonds involving the N atom and conformational changes of the amino acid side chain due to steric interactions with two bulky substituents on the amino group.
A short and efficient synthesis of (S)-(+)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-piperidin-2- one
Upadhyay, Puspesh K.,Kumar, Pradeep
, p. 2512 - 2514 (2010)
A concise synthesis of (S)-(+)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-piperidin-2-one is described that employs l-aspartic acid as chiral pool starting material and Wittig reaction as the key step. Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart - New York.
Total synthesis of a pyrrole lactone alkaloid, longanlactone
Reddy, Chada Raji,Reddy, Motatipally Damoder,Dilipkumar, Uredi
, p. 6310 - 6313 (2014)
The first asymmetric total synthesis of the natural pyrrole lactone longanlactone has been achieved. The key reactions, a Barbier propargylation and a Paal-Knorr pyrrole synthesis, have provided easy access to the target natural product from L-aspartic acid in six steps and 31 % overall yield. The C-4 epimer of the natural product and propionyllonganlactone have also been prepared by this strategy.
Substrate Engineering in Lipase-Catalyzed Selective Polymerization of d -/ l -Aspartates and Diols to Prepare Helical Chiral Polyester
Zhang, Yu,Xia, Bo,Li, Yanyan,Lin, Xianfu,Wu, Qi
, p. 918 - 926 (2021)
The synthesis of optically pure polymers is one of the most challenging tasks in polymer chemistry. Herein, Novozym 435 (Lipase B from Candida antarctica, immobilized on Lewatit VP OC 1600)-catalyzed polycondensation between d-/l-aspartic acid (Asp) diester and diols for the preparation of helical chiral polyesters was reported. Compared with d-Asp diesters, the fast-reacting l-Asp diesters easily reacted with diols to provide a series of chiral polyesters containing N-substitutional l-Asp repeating units. Besides amino acid configuration, N-substituent side chains and the chain length of diols were also investigated and optimized. It was found that bulky acyl N-substitutional groups like N-Boc and N-Cbz were more favorable for this polymerization than small ones probably due to competitively binding of these small acyl groups into the active site of Novozym 435. The highest molecular weight can reach up to 39.5 × 103 g/mol (Mw, D = 1.64). Moreover, the slow-reacting d-Asp diesters were also successfully polymerized by modifying the substrate structure to create a "nonchiral"condensation environment artificially. These enantiocomplementary chiral polyesters are thermally stable and have specific helical structures, which was confirmed by circular dichroism (CD) spectra, scanning electron microscope (SEM), and molecular calculation.
Selective, Modular Probes for Thioredoxins Enabled by Rational Tuning of a Unique Disulfide Structure Motif
Becker, Katja,Busker, Sander,Felber, Jan G.,Maier, Martin S.,Poczka, Lena,Scholzen, Karoline,Theisen, Ulrike,Thorn-Seshold, Julia,Thorn-Seshold, Oliver,Zeisel, Lukas,Arnér, Elias S. J.,Brandst?dter, Christina
supporting information, p. 8791 - 8803 (2021/06/27)
Specialized cellular networks of oxidoreductases coordinate the dithiol/disulfide-exchange reactions that control metabolism, protein regulation, and redox homeostasis. For probes to be selective for redox enzymes and effector proteins (nM to μM concentrations), they must also be able to resist non-specific triggering by the ca. 50 mM background of non-catalytic cellular monothiols. However, no such selective reduction-sensing systems have yet been established. Here, we used rational structural design to independently vary thermodynamic and kinetic aspects of disulfide stability, creating a series of unusual disulfide reduction trigger units designed for stability to monothiols. We integrated the motifs into modular series of fluorogenic probes that release and activate an arbitrary chemical cargo upon reduction, and compared their performance to that of the literature-known disulfides. The probes were comprehensively screened for biological stability and selectivity against a range of redox effector proteins and enzymes. This design process delivered the first disulfide probes with excellent stability to monothiols yet high selectivity for the key redox-Active protein effector, thioredoxin. We anticipate that further applications of these novel disulfide triggers will deliver unique probes targeting cellular thioredoxins. We also anticipate that further tuning following this design paradigm will enable redox probes for other important dithiol-manifold redox proteins, that will be useful in revealing the hitherto hidden dynamics of endogenous cellular redox systems.
Synthesis of Imidazole and Histidine-Derived Cross-Linkers as Analogues of GOLD and Desmosine
Sch?del, Nicole,Icik, Esra,Martini, Maike,Altevogt, Luca,Ramming, Isabell,Greulich, Andreas,Baro, Angelika,Bilitewski, Ursula,Laschat, Sabine
supporting information, p. 2260 - 2268 (2021/03/04)
Amino acid derivatives with a central cationic heterocyclic core (e.g., imidazolium) are biologically relevant cross-linkers of proteins and advanced glycation end (AGE) products. Here, imidazolium-containing cross-linkers were synthesized from imidazole or histidine by N-alkylation employing aspartate- and glutamate-derived mesylates as key step. Biological investigations were carried out to probe the biocompatibility of these compounds.
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of a Library of AGE-Related Amino Acid Triazole Crosslinkers
Agelidis, Nektarios,Altevogt, Luca,Baro, Angelika,Bilitewski, Ursula,Bugdayci, Bakiye,Icik, Esra,Jolly, Anthony,L?ffler, Paul,Laschat, Sabine
supporting information, (2020/09/01)
Three N-Boc-protected amino acids, l-serine, l-aspartic, and l-glutamic acid, were either converted into their methyl azidoalkanoates or various alkynes via Bestmann-Ohira strategy or via reaction with propargylamine and propargyl bromide, respectively. The Cu-catalyzed click reaction provided a library of amino acid based triazoles, which were further N-methylated to triazolium iodides or deprotected and precipitated as free amino acid triazole dihydrochlorides. The biological properties of all derivatives were investigated by cytotoxicity assay (against L929 mouse fibroblasts) and broth microdilution method (E. coli ΔTolC and S. aureus). First results reveal complete inactivity for triazolium iodides with cell viabilities and microbial growths nearly 100 %, indicating them as possible analogs of advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs).
