1652-80-8

Usage

Appearance

Colorless, odorless

Chemical stability

Highly stable

Flammability

Non-flammable

Uses

a. Refrigerant
b. Foam-blowing agent
c. Manufacturing of cleaning products
d. Solvent in industrial processes

Environmental impact

a. Ozone depletion potential
b. Global warming potential

Regulatory status

a. Highly regulated
b. Being phased out in many countries
c. Favored by more environmentally friendly alternatives

InChI:InChI=1/C3Cl2F6/c4-1(5,2(6,7)8)3(9,10)11

Upstream product

• 13063-43-9 dichloromalononitrile 
• 3175-64-2 1,1,1,2-tetrachloro-2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropane 
• 690-39-1 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane 
• 431-52-7 1,1,2-trichloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene 
• 116-15-4 perfluoropropylene 
• 4776-04-9 2-chloro-2-trifluoromethyl-3,3,3-trifluoropropanal 
• 677-21-4 1,1,1-trifluoropropylene 
• 73513-59-4 cis-hexafluoroazomethane 
• 7782-50-5 chlorine 
• 74-99-7 prop-1-yne 
• 684-16-2 Hexafluoroacetone 
• 662-19-1 2-Chlor-3,3,3-trifluor-2-trifluormethylpropionsaeurechlorid 
• 431-87-8 2-chloro-1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane 

Downstream Products

• 99903-40-9 1,1-Dichlor-5,5,5-trifluor-4-(trifluormethyl)-1,3-pentadien 
• 99903-42-1 4,4,4-Trifluor-3-(trifluormethyl)-2-butenal-diethylacetal 
• 99903-41-0 4-Chlor-1,1,1-trifluor-5-methyl-2-(trifluormethyl)-2-hexen 
• 121789-14-8 1,1,1,4,4,4-Hexafluor-2-phenyl-3-trifluormethyl-2-buten 
• 99903-56-7 1-(4-Chlorphenyl)-3,3,3-trifluor-2-(trifluormethyl)-1-propen 
• 115413-11-1 1,4-Bis-(3,3,3-trifluoro-2-trifluoromethyl-propenyl)-benzene 
• 73607-12-2 1-methoxy-4-(3,3,3-trifluoro-2-(trifluoromethyl)prop-1-en-1-yl)benzene 
• 791-28-6 Triphenylphosphine oxide 
• 2526-64-9 dichlorotriphenylphosphorane 
• 115413-09-7 (3,3,3-Trifluoro-2-trifluoromethyl-propenyl)-cyclohexane 
• 431-89-0 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-Heptafluoropropane 
• 690-27-7 2H-pentafluoropropene 
• 116-15-4 perfluoropropylene 
• 2804-50-4 2-chloropentafluoropropene 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Chemoselective halogenation of 2-hydroperfluoroalkyl aldehydes

2-Hydroaldehydes, RfCH(R)CHO, where Rf = CF 3, C2F5, n-C3F7 and R = CF3, C2F5, n-C3F7, Ph, H, were prepared via acid hydrolysis of the corresponding vinyl ethers, R fC(R) = CHOCH3, which can be readily prepared by reaction of Ph3P+C?HOCH3 with the corresponding ketone. The 2-hydroaldehydes can be chemoselectively converted to the acyl halide, RfCH(R)C(O)X (X = Cl, Br), via free-radical halogenation. The perfluoroalkyl group deactivates the 2-position toward radical abstraction of the 2-hydrogen, and halogenation occurs exclusively at the formyl hydrogen. However, halogenations of the 2-hydroaldehydes in glacial acetic acid chemoselectively gives the 2-haloaldehydes, RfCX(R)CHO, X = Cl, Br. Hydrolysis of the 2-hydroperfluoroacyl halides provides a useful route to 2-hydroperfluoroalkyl branched carboxylic acids, useful ketene precursors. This route avoids the use of toxic fluoroolefins, such as perfluoroisobutylene.

Copper-Substituted Chromium Oxide Compositions, Their Preparation, and Their Use as Catalysts and Catalyst Precursors

A crystalline alpha-chromium oxide where from about 0.05 atom % to about 5 atom % of the chromium atoms in the alpha-chromium oxide lattice are replaced by divalent copper (Cu+2) atoms is disclosed. Also disclosed is a chromium-containing catalyst composition comprising as a chromium-containing component the crystalline copper-substituted alpha-chromium oxide; and methods for preparing a composition comprising the crystalline copper-substituted alpha-chromium oxide. One method involves (a) co-precipitating a solid by adding ammonium hydroxide to an aqueous solution of a soluble copper salt and a soluble trivalent chromium salt that contains at least three moles of nitrate per mole of chromium in the solution and has a copper concentration of from about 0.05 atom % to about 5 atom % of the total concentration of copper and chromium in the solution; and after at least three moles of ammonium per mole of chromium in the solution has been added to the solution, (b) collecting the co-precipitated solid formed in (a); (c) drying the collected solid; and (d) calcining the dried solid. Another method involves (a) preparing an aqueous solution of a soluble copper salt and a soluble trivalent chromium salt that contains a copper concentration of from about 0.05 atom % to about 5 atom % of the total concentration of copper and chromium in the solution, (b) evaporating the solution to dryness, and (c) calcining the dried solid. Also disclosed is a chromium-containing catalyst composition comprising a chromium-containing component prepared by treating the crystalline copper-substituted alpha-chromium oxide with a fluorinating agent; and a process for changing the fluorine distribution (i.e., content and/or arrangement) in a hydrocarbon or halogenated hydrocarbon in the presence of a catalyst. The process involves using as the catalyst a composition comprising the crystalline copper-substituted alpha-chromium oxide and/or the treated copper-substituted alpha-chromium oxide.

Compositions containing chromium, oxygen and gold, their preparation, and their use as catalysts and catalyst precursors

A catalyst composition is disclosed that includes chromium, oxygen, and gold as essential constituent elements. The amount of gold in the composition is from about 0.05 atom % to about 10 atom % based on the total amount of chromium and gold. Also disclosed is a process for changing the fluorine distribution (i.e., content and/or arrangement) in a hydrocarbon or halogenated hydrocarbon in the presence of the catalyst composition; and methods for preparing said catalyst composition. One preparation method involves; (a) co-precipitating a solid by adding ammonium hydroxide (aqueous ammonia) to an aqueous solution of a soluble gold salt and a soluble chromium salt that contains at least three moles of nitrate per mole of chromium in the solution and has a gold content of from about 0.05 atom % to about 10 atom % of the total content of gold and chromium in the solution to form an aqueous mixture containing co-precipitated solid; (b) drying the co-precipitated solid formed in (a); and (c) calcining the dried solid formed in (b) in an atmosphere containing at least 10% oxygen by volume. Another preparation method involves (a) impregnating solid chromium oxide with a solution of a soluble gold salt, (b) drying the impregnated chromium oxide prepared in (a); and optionally, (c) calcining the dried solid. A third preparation method involves (a) evaporating an aqueous solution of chromium(VI) oxide and a soluble gold salt to form a solid; (b) drying the solid formed in (a); and (c) calcining the dried solid formed in (b) in an atmosphere containing at least 10% oxygen by volume.

Preparation of composition containing chromium, oxygen, and either silver or palladium, and their use as catalysts and catalyst precursors

A method for preparing a catalyst composition suitable for increasing the fluorine content in a hydrocarbon or a halogenated hydrocarbon is disclosed. The method involves (a) co-precipitating a solid by adding ammonium hydroxide to an aqueous solution of a soluble trivalent chromium salt and a soluble salt of a modifier metal selected from silver and palladium, that contains at least three moles of nitrate (i.e., NO3?) per mole of chromium (i.e., Cr+3) in the solution and has a modifier metal concentration of from about 0.05 atom % to about 10 atom % of the total concentration of modifier metal and chromium in the solution to form an aqueous mixture containing co-precipitated solid and dissolved ammonium nitrate; and after at least three moles of ammonium hydroxide per mole of chromium in the solution has been added to the solution, (b) drying said aqueous mixture formed in (a); and (c) calcining the dried solid formed in (b) in an atmosphere containing at least 10% oxygen by volume (e.g., air). Also disclosed is a catalyst composition comprising alpha-chromium oxide and a modifier metal selected from silver and palladium prepared by the above method. Also disclosed is a process for increasing the fluorine content in a hydrocarbon or halogenated hydrocarbon in the presence of a catalyst; and processes using a catalyst composition comprising chromium, oxygen and a modifier metal selected from siver and palladium as essential constituent elements (e.g., a catalyst composition prepared by the above process). An azeotropic composition involving CF3CCl═CF2 and HF is also disclosed.

Compositions containing chromium, oxygen, and at least two modifier metals selected the group consisting of gold, silver, and palladium, their preparation, and their use as catalysts and catalyst precursors

A catalyst composition is disclosed that includes chromium, oxygen, and at least two of gold, silver, and palladium as essential constituent elements. The amount of modifier metals (gold, silver, and/or palladium) in the composition is from about 0.05 atom % to about 10 atom % based on the total amount of chromium and modifier metals. Also disclosed is a process for changing the fluorine distribution (i.e., content and/or arrangement) in a hydrocarbon or halogenated hydrocarbon in the presence of the catalyst composition; and methods for preparing said catalyst composition. One preparation method involves (a) co-precipitating a solid by adding ammonium hydroxide (aqueous ammonia) to an aqueous solution of soluble salts of modifier metals and a soluble chromium salt that contains at least three moles of nitrate per mole of chromium in the solution and has a modifier metal content of from about 0.05 atom % to about 10 atom % of the total content of modifier metals and chromium in the solution to form an aqueous mixture containing co-precipitated solid; (b) drying the co-precipitated solid formed in (a); and (c) calcining the dried solid formed in (b) in an atmosphere containing at least 10% oxygen by volume. Another preparation method involves (a) impregnating solid chromium oxide with a solution of a soluble modifier metal salts; (b) drying the impregnated chromium oxide prepared in (a); and optionally; (c) calcining the dried solid. Yet another preparation method involves mixing multiple compositions, each comprising chromium, oxygen, and at least one modifier metal.

PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF FLUOROPROPANES AND HALOPROPENES

A process is disclosed for making CF3CF2CH3, CF3CF=CH2 and/or CF3CCI=CH2. The process involves reacting at least one starting material selected from the group consisting of halopropanes of the formula CX3CH2CH2X, halopropenes of the formula CX3CH=CH2 and halopropenes of the formula CX2=CHCH2X, wherein each X is independently F or Cl, with HF and CI2 in a reaction zone to produce a product mixture comprising HF, HCI, CF3CF2CH3, CF3CF=CH2, and CFsCCI=CH2; and recovering the CF3CF2CH3, CF3CF=CH2 and/or CFsCCI=CH2 from the product mixture. Also disclosed is a process for making CF3CH2CHF2, CFsCH=CHF, and/or CFaCH=CHCI. This process involves reacting at least one starting material selected from the group consisting of halopropenes of the formula CX3CH=CH2 and halopropenes of the formula CX2=CHCH2X, wherein each X is independently F or Cl, with HF and CI2 in a reaction zone to produce a product mixture comprising HF, HCI, CF3CH2CHF2, CFsCH=CHF and CF3CH=CHCI; and recovering the CF3CH2CHF2, CFsCH=CHF, and/or CF3CH=CHCI from the product mixture. The molar ratio of HF to the total amount of starting materials fed to the reaction zone for both of these processes is at least stoichiometric, and the molar ratio of Cl2 to total amount of starting material fed to the reaction zone for both of these processes is 2:1 or less.

PROCESS FOR THE SYNTHESIS AND SEPARATION OF HYDROFLUOROOLEFINS

A process for the synthesis of fluorinated olefins of the formula CF3CF=CHX, wherein X is F or H comprising contacting hexafluoropropene with hydrogen chloride in the vapor phase, in the presence of a catalyst, at a temperature in the range from about 200 °C to about 350 °C, wherein the mole ratio of hydrogen chloride to hexafluoropropene is from about 2:1 to about 4:1, separating the 1-chloro-1,2,3,3,3-pentafluoro-1-propene, 1,1-dichloro-2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene and hydrogen fluoride products from unreacted hexafluoropropene, and hydrogen chloride by distillation, hydrogenating either the 1-chloro-1,2,3,3,3-pentafluoro-1-propene, 1,1-dichloro-2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene or mixture thereof over a catalyst, and dehydrochlorinating the said hydrogenation product to produce either 1225ye or 1234yf.

Thermal chlorofluorination of propyne and propadiene II

Propyne and propadiene have been previously reported to readily undergo vapor phase catalyzed chlorofluorination at temperatures to 285 °C to form C3F4Cl4 mixtures that are primarily CFCl2-CF2-CFCl2. Continued fluorination at temperatures up to 485 °C produce the rearranged C3F6Cl2 isomers CF3-CCl2-CF3 and CF2Cl-CFCl-CF3.

PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF 1,1,1,3,3-PENTAFLUOROPROPANE AND/OR 1,1,1,3,3,3,-HEXAFLUOROPROPANE

A process for the manufacture of CF3CH2CHF2 and/or CF3CH2CF3 is disclosed. The process involves (a) reacting HF and at least one halopropene of the formula CX3CCI=CCIX (where each X is independently F or Cl) to produce a product including both CF3CCI=CF2 and CF3CHCICF3; (b) reacting CF3CCI=CF2 and/or CF3CHCICF3 produced in (a) with hydrogen to produce a product including CF3CH2CHF2 and/or CF3CH2CF3; and (c) recovering CF3CH2CHF2 and/or CF3CH2CF3 from the product produced in (b). In (a), the CF3CCI=CF2 and CF3CHCICF3 are produced in the presence of a fluorination catalyst comprising at least one chromium-containing component selected from (i) a crystalline alpha- chromium oxide where at least 0.05 atom % of the chromium atoms in the alpha-chromium oxide lattice are replaced by divalent copper, and (ii) a chromium-containing composition of (i) which has been treated with a fluorinating agent.

PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF 1,3,3,3-TETRAFLUOROPROPENE AND/OR 1,1,3,3,3-PENTAFLUOROPROPENE

A process for the manufacture of CF3CH=CHF and/or CF3CH=CF2 is disclosed. The process involves involves (a) reacting HF and at least one halopropene of the formula CX3CCI=CCIX (where each X is independently F or CI) to produce a product including both CF3CCI=CF2 and CF3CHCICF3; (b) reacting CF3CCI=CF2 and/or CF3CHCICF3 produced in (a) with hydrogen to produce a product including CF3CH2CHF2 and/or CF3CH2CF3; (c) dehydrofluorinating CF3CH2CHF2 and/or CF3CH2CF3 produced in (b) to produce a product comprising CF3CH=CHF and/or CF3CH=CF2; and (d) recovering CF3CH=CHF and/or CF3CH=CF2 from the product produced in (c). In (a), the CF3CCI=CF2 and CF3CHCICF3 are produced in the presence of a fluorination catalyst comprising at least one chromium-containing component selected from (i) a crystalline alpha-chromium oxide where at least 0.05 atom % of the chromium atoms in the alpha-chromium oxide lattice are replaced by divalent copper, and (ii) a chromium-containing composition of (i) which has been treated with a fluorinating agent.