19006-14-5

Upstream product

• 95-20-5 2-methyl-1H-indole 
• 100-51-6 benzyl alcohol 
• 100-52-7 benzaldehyde 
• 577968-40-2 (3Z)-3-(2-nitrophenyl)-4-phenyl-3-buten-2-one 
• 65826-91-7 1-(2-aminophenyl)-2-propanol 
• 62-53-3 aniline 
• 100-39-0 benzyl bromide 
• 438479-05-1 (2-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)(phenyl)methanol 
• 1373513-34-8 (2-methyl-3-indolyl)(phenyl)methylium o-benzenedisulfonimide 
• 6011-26-3 2'-acetylbenzanilide 
• 100-47-0 benzonitrile 
• 552-89-6 2-nitro-benzaldehyde 
• 13066-19-8 2-(2-phenylethenyl)benzenamine 
• 4714-25-4 2-nitrostilbene 

Downstream Products

• 103328-40-1 bis-(3-benzyl-2-methyl-indol-1-yl)-methane 
• 871875-68-2 3,3-dibenzyl-2-methyl-3H-indole 
• 52604-09-8 1,3-dibenzyl-2-methylindole 
• 19988-04-6 N-(2-(2-phenylacetyl)phenyl)acetamide 
• 1099592-61-6 (2R,3S)-2-benzyl-3-(2-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)-3-phenylpropanal 
• 1140518-57-5 2-benzyl-3-(2-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)-3-phenylpropanal 
• 79039-29-5 2-methyl-2-(phenylmethyl)-1H-indolin-3-one 
• 19006-15-6 1,2-dimethyl-3-benzylmethylindole 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Nickel-catalyzed C3-alkylation of indoles with alcohols: Via a borrowing hydrogen strategy

An efficient method for the Ni-catalyzed C3-alkylation of indoles using readily available alcohols as the alkylating reagents has been developed. The alkylation was addressed with an air and moisture-stable binuclear nickel complex ligated by tetrahydroquinolin-8-one as the effective pre-catalyst. The newly developed transformation could accommodate a broad substrate scope including primary/secondary benzylic and aliphatic alcohols and substituted indoles. Mechanistic studies suggested that the reaction proceeds through a borrowing hydrogen pathway.

Cobalt-Catalyzed Hydrogenative Transformation of Nitriles

Here, we report the transformation of nitrile compounds in a hydrogen atmosphere. Catalyzed by a cobalt/tetraphosphine complex, hydrogenative coupling of unprotected indoles with nitriles proceeds smoothly in a basic medium, yielding C3 alkylated indoles. In addition, the direct hydrogenation of nitriles under the same conditions yielded primary amines. Isotope labeling experiments, along with a series of control experiments, revealed a reaction pathway that involves nucleophilic addition of indoles and 1,4-reduction of a conjugate imine intermediate. Different from reductive alkylation of indoles under an acidic condition, E1cB elimination is believed to occur in this base-promoted hydrogenative coupling reaction.

Modular counter-Fischer?indole synthesis through radical-enolate coupling

A single-electron transfer mediated modular indole formation reaction from a 2-iodoaniline derivative and a ketone has been developed. This transition-metal-free reaction shows a broad substrate scope and unconventional regioselectivity trends. Moreover, important functional groups for further transformation are tolerated under the reaction conditions. Density functional theory studies reveal that the reaction proceeds by metal coordination, which converts a disfavored 5-endo-trig cyclization to an accessible 7-endo-trig process.

Palladium-catalyzed dearomative allylation of indoles with cyclopropyl acetylenes: access to indolenine derivatives

A palladium-catalyzed redox-neutral allylic alkylation of indoles with cyclopropyl acetylenes has been disclosed. Various 1,3-diene indolenine framework bearing a quaternary stereocenter at the C3 position were synthesized straightforwardly in good to excellent yields with high regio- and stereoselectivities. The reaction could be further expanded to the dearomatization of naphthols to synthesize functionalized cyclohexadienones with 1,3-diene motifs. The reaction exhibited high atom economy and good functional group tolerance.

One-pot, three-component Fischer indolisation-N-alkylation for rapid synthesis of 1,2,3-trisubstituted indoles

A one-pot, three-component protocol for the synthesis of 1,2,3-trisubstituted indoles has been developed, based upon a Fischer indolisation-indoleN-alkylation sequence. This procedure is very rapid (total reaction time under 30 minutes), operationally straightforward, generally high yielding and draws upon readily available building blocks (aryl hydrazines, ketones, alkyl halides) to generate densely substituted indole products. We have demonstrated the utility of this process in the synthesis of 23 indoles, benzoindoles and tetrahydrocarbazoles bearing varied and useful functionality.

Ruthenium Pincer Complex Catalyzed Selective Synthesis of C-3 Alkylated Indoles and Bisindolylmethanes Directly from Indoles and Alcohols

Herein, we presented Ru-SNS complex that serves as a useful catalyst for C-3 alkylation of 1H-indoles with various aliphatic primary and secondary alcohols including cyclic alcohols as well as benzylic alcohols. The selective synthesis of bisindolylmethane derivatives is also achieved from the same set of indole and alcohol just by altering the reaction parameters. Furthermore, the sustainable synthesis of C-3 alkylated indoles directly from 2-(2-nitrophenyl)ethan-1-ol and alcohols catalysed by a Ru-complex via “borrowing hydrogen” strategy is reported. This protocol provides an atom-economical sustainable route to access structurally important compounds like arundine, vibrindole A and tryptamine based derivatives. (Figure presented.).

Palladium-Catalyzed Amination/Dearomatization Reaction of Indoles and Benzofurans

This report describes a palladium-catalyzed dearomatization and amination tandem reaction of 2,3-disubstituted indoles and benzofurans via the Catellani strategy. This reaction provides a new method for the construction of amino-substituted indoline-fused cyclic and benzofuran spiro compounds in good yields. The reaction has broad functional group compatibility and substrate scope.

Allylic and Allenylic Dearomatization of Indoles Promoted by Graphene Oxide by Covalent Grafting Activation Mode

The site-selective allylative and allenylative dearomatization of indoles with alcohols was performed under carbocatalytic regime in the presence of graphene oxide (GO, 10 wt percent loading) as the promoter. Metal-free conditions, absence of stoichiometric additive, environmentally friendly conditions (H2O/CH3CN, 55 °C, 6 h), broad substrate scope (33 examples, yield up to 92 percent) and excellent site- and stereoselectivity characterize the present methodology. Moreover, a covalent activation model exerted by GO functionalities was corroborated by spectroscopic, experimental and computational evidences. Recovering and regeneration of the GO catalyst through simple acidic treatment was also documented.

Asymmetric N-Hydroxyalkylation of Indoles with Ethyl Glyoxalates Catalyzed by a Chiral Phosphoric Acid: Highly Enantioselective Synthesis of Chiral N,O-Aminal Indole Derivatives

A method of SPINOL-derived chiral phosphoric acid catalyzed asymmetric intermolecular N-hydroxyalkylation of multisubstituted indoles with ethyl glyoxalates is described in this report. This protocol provides an alternative, convenient, and direct strategy for efficient access to structurally unique α-chiral indole N,O-acyclic aminals with a broad substrate scope and good to excellent enantioselectivities. The synthetic utility of this methodology is illustrated by a gram-scale experiment and the subsequent efficient synthesis of more complex chiral N,O-aminal indole derivatives.

Br?nsted-Acid-Promoted Rh-Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation of N-Unprotected Indoles: A Cocatalysis of Transition Metal and Anion Binding

The incorporation of Br?nsted acid, thiourea anion binding, and transition metal catalysis enables an efficient method to synthesize chiral indolines via hydrogenation of indoles. Catalyzed by a rhodium/ZhaoPhos complex, asymmetric hydrogenation of unprotected indoles is performed smoothly with excellent enantioselectivities (up to 99% ee, up to 400 TON). Br?nsted acid HCl activates indoles to form iminium ion intermediates. Mechanistic studies support the assumption that anion binding plays a crucial role as a secondary interaction. DFT calculations reveal an outer-sphere mechanism in this chemical transformation.