217326-89-1

Basic information

• Product Name: L-Phenylalanine, N-[(1,1-dimethylethoxy)carbonyl]-4-iodo-, 1,1-dimethylethyl ester
• CAS NO: 217326-89-1
• Molecular Formula: C18H26INO4
• Molecular Weight: 447.313
• Mol File: 217326-89-1.mol

Chemical Properties

• CAS DataBase Reference: L-Phenylalanine, N-[(1,1-dimethylethoxy)carbonyl]-4-iodo-, 1,1-dimethylethyl ester(CAS DataBase Reference)
• NIST Chemistry Reference: L-Phenylalanine, N-[(1,1-dimethylethoxy)carbonyl]-4-iodo-, 1,1-dimethylethyl ester(217326-89-1)
• EPA Substance Registry System: L-Phenylalanine, N-[(1,1-dimethylethoxy)carbonyl]-4-iodo-, 1,1-dimethylethyl ester(217326-89-1)

Safety Data

• Hazardous Substances Data: 217326-89-1(Hazardous Substances Data)

Upstream product

• 24424-99-5 di-tert-butyl dicarbonate 
• 222854-50-4 (L)-4-iodophenylalanine t-butyl ester 
• 507-19-7 t-butyl bromide 
• 103882-09-3 N-Boc-4-I-Phe-OH 
• 116400-16-9 N-[(1,1-dimethylethoxy)carbonyl]-L-phenylalanine 1,1-dimethylethyl ester 
• 540-88-5 acetic acid tert-butyl ester 
• 1991-81-7 4-iodo-L-phenylalanine 
• 75-65-0 tert-butyl alcohol 
• 63-91-2 L-phenylalanine 
• 7087-68-5 N-ethyl-N,N-diisopropylamine 

Relevant articles and documents

2-[ 18 F]Fluorophenylalanine: Synthesis by Nucleophilic 18 F-Fluorination and Preliminary Biological Evaluation

2-[ 18 F]Fluorophenylalanine (2-[ 18 F]FPhe), a promising PET tracer for imaging of cerebral infarction and tumors, was efficiently prepared from an easily accessible iodonium salt precursor using Cu-mediated radiofluorination under 'low base' or 'minimalist' conditions. Whereas significant racemization was initially observed if the 'minimalist' protocol was applied for radiolabeling, it was completely suppressed by the careful adjustment of 18 F - preprocessing. The initial biological study revealed a higher uptake of 2-[ 18 F]FPhe in different tumor cells in comparison to that of [ 18 F]FET. In contrast to 4-[ 18 F]FPhe, which suffered from rapid defluorination in vivo, 2-[ 18 F]FPhe demonstrated a sufficient in vivo stability. Conclusively, 2-[ 18 F]FPhe is a promising PET probe that is now readily available using Cu-mediated radiofluorination under 'minimalist' or 'low base' conditions. The simplicity of the translation of the proposed procedures to automated synthesis modules allows a broad biological evaluation of 2-[ 18 F]FPhe. Notably, a novel protocol for the preparation of N -Boc protected amino acids from the respective Ni-Schiff base complexes was developed that avoided application of strongly acidic conditions.

4R- and 4S-iodophenyl hydroxyproline, 4R-pentynoyl hydroxyproline, and S-propargyl-4-thiolphenylalanine: Conformationally biased and tunable amino acids for bioorthogonal reactions

Bioorthogonal reactions allow the introduction of new functionalities into peptides, proteins, and other biological molecules. The most readily accessible amino acids for bioorthogonal reactions have modest conformational preferences or bases for molecular interactions. Herein we describe the synthesis of 4 novel amino acids containing functional groups for bioorthogonal reactions. (2S,4R)- and (2S,4S)-iodophenyl ethers of hydroxyproline are capable of modification via rapid, specific Suzuki and Sonogashira reactions in water. The synthesis of these amino acids, as Boc-, Fmoc- and free amino acids, was achieved through succinct sequences. These amino acids exhibit well-defined conformational preferences, with the 4S-iodophenyl hydroxyproline crystallographically exhibiting β-turn (φ, ψ ～ -80°, 0°) or relatively extended (φ, ψ ～ -80°, +170°) conformations, while the 4R-diastereomer prefers a more compact conformation (φ ～ -60°). The aryloxyproline diastereomers present the aryl groups in a highly divergent manner, suggesting their stereospecific use in molecular design, medicinal chemistry, and catalysis. Thus, the 4R- and 4S-iodophenyl hydroxyprolines can be differentially applied in distinct structural contexts. The pentynoate ester of 4R-hydroxyproline introduces an alkyne functional group within an amino acid that prefers compact conformations. The propargyl thioether of 4-thiolphenylalanine was synthesized via copper-mediated cross-coupling reaction of thioacetic acid with protected 4-iodophenylalanine, followed by thiolysis and alkylation. This amino acid combines an alkyne functional group with an aromatic amino acid and the ability to tune aromatic and side chain properties via sulfur oxidation. These amino acids provide novel loci for peptide functionalization, with greater control of conformation possible than with other amino acids containing these functional groups.

Homocoupling of iodoarenes and bromoalkanes using photoredox gold catalysis: A light enabled Au(III) reductive elimination

The formation of homocoupled alkane byproducts have been identified in the reduction of bromoalkanes via photoredox gold catalysis with dimeric Au(I) complexes. This prompted further investigation into the mechanism of formation of these byproducts and the diversity of C-X bonds amenable to this transformation. Examples were found when considering bromoalkanes while a wide variety of iodoarenes underwent this process in good to excellent yields. The light enabled homocoupling of iodoarenes made possible by photoredox gold catalysis is reported.

Alternative one-pot synthesis of (trifluoromethyl)phenyldiazirines from tosyloxime derivatives: Application for new synthesis of optically pure diazirinylphenylalanines for photoaffinity labeling

Alternative one-pot synthesis of 3-(trifluoromethyl)-3-phenyldiazirine derivatives from corresponding tosyloximes is developed. The deprotonation of intermediate diaziridine by NH2- is a new approach for construction of diazirine. Moreover, a novel synthesis of optically pure (trifluoromethyl)diazirinylphenylalanine derivatives was attempted involving these methods.

C-Glycosyl amino acids through hydroboration-cross-coupling of exo-glycals and their application in automated solid-phase synthesis

O-Glycosylation is one of the most important post-translational modifications of proteins. The attachment of carbohydrates to the peptide backbone influences the conformation as well as the solubility of the conjugates and can even be essential for binding to specific ligands in cell-cell interactions or for active transport over membranes. This makes glycopeptides an interesting class of compounds for medical applications. To enhance the long-term availability of these molecules in vivo, the stabilization of the glycosidic bond between the amino acid residue and the carbohydrate is of interest. The described modular approach affords β-linked C-glycosyl amino acids by a sequence of Petasis olefination of glyconolactones, stereoselective hydroboration and a mild B-alkyl-Suzuki coupling reaction. The coupling products were transformed to C-glycosyl amino acid building-blocks suitable for solid-phase synthesis and successfully incorporated into a partial sequence of the tumor-associated MUC1-glycopeptide. The resulting C-glycopeptides are candidates for the development of long-term stable mimics of O-glycopeptide vaccines. Copyright

Gram-scale preparation of a p-(C-glucopyranosyl)-L-phenylalanine derivative by a negishi cross-coupling reaction

A p-(C-glucopyranosyl)-L-phenylalanine derivative protected to be directly incorporated into a peptidic chain is prepared in 37 % yield from glucose on a gram scale, with a Negishi cross-coupling reaction as the key step. Zincated glucal and p-iodo-L-phenylalanine are involved in this organometallic coupling, which gives rise to a link between the sugar and amino acid moieties in 90 % yield; the β-gluco configuration of the C-glycopyranosyl amino acid is ascertained by a stereoselective hydroboration of the double bond of the glucal. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2006.

N-Tetrahydrofuroyl-(L)-phenylalanine derivatives as potent VLA-4 antagonists.

Given the proposed involvement of VLA-4 in inflammatory processes, a program to identify orally active VLA-4 antagonists was initiated. Herein, we report the discovery of a N-tetrahydrofuroyl-(L)-phenylalanine derivative (17) and related analogues as potent VLA-4 antagonists with good oral bioavailability.

Substituted ureas as cell adhesion inhibitors

Compounds of Formula I are antagonists of VLA-4 and/or α4β7, and as such are useful in the inhibition or prevention of cell adhesion and cell-adhesion mediated pathologies. These compounds may be formulated into pharmaceutical compositions and are suitable for use in the treatment of AIDS-related dementia, allergic conjunctivitis, allergic rhinitis, Alzheimer's disease, asthma, atherosclerosis, autologous bone marrow transplantation, certain types of toxic and immune-based nephritis, contact dermal hypersensitivity, inflammatory bowel disease including ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, inflammatory lung diseases, inflammatory sequelae of viral infections, meningitis, multiple sclerosis, multiple myeloma, myocarditis, organ transplantation, psoriasis, pulmonary fibrosis, restenosis, retinitis, rheumatoid arthritis, septic arthritis, stroke, tumor metastasis, uveititis, and type I diabetes.

Para-aminomethylaryl carboxamide derivatives

para-Aminomethylaryl carboxamides of Formula I are antagonists of VLA-4 and/or α4β7, and as such are useful in the inhibition or prevention of cell adhesion and cell-adhesion mediated pathologies. These compounds may be formulated into pharmaceutical compositions and are suitable for use in the treatment of asthma, allergies, inflammation, multiple sclerosis, and other inflammatory and autoimmune disorders.

4-substituted-4-piperidine carboxamide derivatives

4-Substituted-4-piperidinecarboxamides of Formula I are antagonists of VLA-4 and/or alpha 4 beta 7, and as such are useful in the inhibition or prevention of cell adhesion and cell-adhesion mediated pathologies. These compounds may be formulated into pharmaceutical compositions and are suitable for use in the treatment of asthma, allergies, inflammation, multiple sclerosis, and other inflammatory and autoimmune disorders.