2403-30-7

Usage

Uses

Used in Pharmaceutical Synthesis:
Chalcone is utilized as a key intermediate in the synthesis of a wide range of pharmaceuticals and organic compounds. Its versatile chemical structure allows for the development of new drugs with potential therapeutic applications.
Used in Medicinal Chemistry Research:
Chalcone is employed as a subject of research in medicinal chemistry due to its significant biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and antioxidant properties. These properties make it a promising candidate for the development of new therapeutic agents.
Used in Anticancer Applications:
In the field of oncology, chalcone is used as a potential anticancer agent. Its ability to modulate various signaling pathways and exhibit inhibitory effects on tumor growth and progression makes it a valuable compound for cancer research and treatment.
Used in Drug Delivery Systems:
To enhance the efficacy and bioavailability of chalcone, it is incorporated into various drug delivery systems, such as organic and metallic nanoparticles. These systems aim to improve the delivery of chalcone to target cells, enhancing its therapeutic outcomes in treating diseases, including cancer.
Used in Antioxidant Formulations:
Chalcone's antioxidant properties make it suitable for use in antioxidant formulations, which can help protect cells from oxidative stress and reduce the risk of various diseases.
Used in Anti-inflammatory Applications:
Due to its anti-inflammatory properties, chalcone can be used in the development of anti-inflammatory agents, potentially providing relief from inflammation-related conditions and diseases.

InChI:InChI=1/C15H13NO/c16-14-9-7-13(8-10-14)15(17)11-6-12-4-2-1-3-5-12/h1-11H,16H2/b11-6+

Upstream product

• 100-52-7 benzaldehyde 
• 99-92-3 p-aminobenzophenone 
• 5336-78-7 N,ω-dibenzylidene-p-aminoacetophenone 
• 7647-01-0 hydrogenchloride 
• 20432-02-4 1-(4-nitro-phenyl)-3-phenyl-propenone 
• 20432-02-4 (E)-4'-nitrochalcone 
• 114569-19-6 N-(4-Hydroxybenzyliden)-4-acetylanilin 
• 100-19-6 (4-nitrophenyl)ethanone 
• 555-16-8 4-nitrobenzaldehdye 
• 98-86-2 acetophenone 
• 232597-42-1 tert-butyl 4-acetylphenylcarbamate 

Downstream Products

• 131138-75-5 4-(4-Amino-phenyl)-6-phenyl-1,6-dihydro-pyrimidine-2-thiol 
• 25870-87-5 1-(4-isothiocyanatophenyl)-3-phenyl-2-propen-1-one 
• 80861-22-9 4-(3-phenylpropyl)aniline 
• 1214740-96-1 (E)-1-(4-(acridin-9-ylamino)phenyl)-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-one 
• 1058744-74-3 (R)-2-((S)-1-(4-phenyl)-3-oxo-3-(4-aminophenyl)propyl)cyclohexanone 
• 1058744-82-3 (S)-2-((R)-1-(4-phenyl)-3-oxo-3-(4-aminophenyl)propyl)cyclohexanone 
• 1021427-85-9 2-(4-aminobenzoyl)-6,6-dimethyl-3-phenyl-2,3,6,7-tetrahydrobenzofuran-4(5H)-one 
• 1151741-80-8 2-bromo-N-(4-((E)-3-phenylacryloyl)phenyl)acrylamide 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

On the investigation of hybrid quinones: Synthesis, electrochemical studies and evaluation of trypanocidal activity

In our continued search for novel trypanocidal compounds, arylamine, chalcone, triazolic, triazole-carbohydrate and chalcogenium derivatives containing a naphthoquinone scaffold were prepared; in addition to electrochemical studies, these compounds were evaluated against the infective bloodstream form of Trypanosoma cruzi, the etiological agent of Chagas disease. Among the thirty-eight compounds herein evaluated, six were found to be more potent against trypomastigotes than the standard drug benznidazole, with IC50/24 h values between 52.9 and 89.5 μM.

Aminophenyl chalcones potentiating antibiotic activity and inhibiting bacterial efflux pump

Chalcones and their derivatives are substances of great interest for medicinal chemistry due to their antibacterial activities. As the bacterial resistance to clinically available antibiotics has become a worldwide public health problem, it is essential to search for compounds capable of reverting the bacterial resistance. As a possibility, the chalcone class could be an interesting answer to this problem. The chalcones (2E)-1-(4′-aminophenyl)-3-(phenyl)?prop-2-en-1-one (APCHAL), and (2E)-1-(4′-aminophenyl)-3-(4-chlorophenyl)?prop-2-en-1-one (ACLOPHENYL) were synthesized by the Claisen-Schmidt condensation and characterized by 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR), and mass spectrometry (MS), In addition, microbiological tests were performed to investigate the antibacterial activity, modulatory potential, and efflux pump inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) multi-resistant strains. Regarding the S. aureus Gram-positive model, the APCHAL presented synergism with gentamicin and antagonism with penicillin. APCHAL reduced the Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of gentamicin by almost 70%. When comparing the effects of the antibiotic modifying activity of ACLOPHENYL and APCHAL, a loss of synergism is noted with gentamicin due to the addition of a chlorine to the substance structure. For Escherichia coli (E. coli) a total lack of effect, synergistic or antagonistic, was observed between ACLOPHENYL and the antibiotics. In the evaluation of inhibition of the efflux pump, both chalcones presented a synergistic effect with norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin against S. aureus, although the effect is much less pronounced with ACLOPHENYL. The effect of APCHAL is particularly notable against the K2068 (MepA overexpresser) strain, with synergistic effects with both ciprofloxacin and ethidium bromide. The docking results also show that both compounds bind to roughly the same region of the binding site of 1199B (NorA overexpresser), and that this region overlaps with the preferred binding region of norfloxacin. The APCHAL chalcone may contribute to the prevention or treatment of infectious diseases caused by multidrug-resistant S. aureus.

Anti-Trichomonas vaginalis activity of chalcone and amino-analogues

Trichomoniasis is the most common non-viral sexually transmitted disease worldwide and can lead to serious consequences in reproductive health, cancer, and HIV acquisition. The current approved treatment present adverse effects and drug resistance data on this neglected parasitic infection is underestimated. Chalcones are a family of molecules that present biological applications, such as activity against many pathogenic organisms including protozoan pathogens. Chalcone (1) and three amino-analogues (2–4) were synthesized by Claisen–Schmidt condensation reaction and had their activity evaluated against the parasitic protozoan Trichomonas vaginalis. This bioassay indicated the presence and position of the amino group on ring A was crucial for anti-T. vaginalis activity. Among these, 3′-aminochalcone (3) presented the most potent effect and showed high cytotoxicity against human vaginal cells. On the other hand, 3 was not able to exhibit toxicity against Galleria mellonella larvae, as well as the hemolytic effect on human erythrocytes. Trophozoites of T. vaginalis were treated with 3, and did not present significant reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, but induced a significantly higher ROS accumulation in human neutrophils after co-incubation. T. vaginalis pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase (PFOR) and β-tubulin gene expression was not affected by 3.

Naphthoquinone-based chalcone hybrids and derivatives: Synthesis and potent activity against cancer cell lines

Novel naphthoquinone-based chalcones were prepared from the reaction between 3-bromo-nor-β-lapachone and amino-chalcones. Lapachone derivatives are also described here. All the substances were evaluated against cancer and normal cell lines and several compounds demonstrated potent antitumor activity. This journal is

Design and synthesis of novel anti-inflammatory/anti-ulcer hybrid molecules with antioxidant activity

Background: NSAIDs are the most widely prescribed medications worldwide for their anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and analgesic effects. However, their chronic use can lead to several adverse drug events including GI toxicity. The selective COX-2 inhibitors developed as gastro-sparing NSAIDs also suffer from serious adverse effects which limit their efficacy. Objective: Local generation of reactive oxygen species is implicated in NSAID-mediated gastric ul-ceration and their combination with H2 antagonists like famotidine reduces the risk of ulcers. The objective of this work was to design and synthesize novel methanesulphonamido isoxazole derivatives by hybridizing the structural features of NSAIDs with those of antiulcer drugs (ranitidine, fa-motidine, etc.) to utilize a dual combination of anti-inflammatory activity and reducing (antioxidant) potential. Methods: The designing process utilized three dimensional similarity studies and utilized an isoxa-zole core having a potential for anti-inflammatory as well as radical scavenging antioxidant activity. The compounds were assayed for their anti-inflammatory activity in established in vivo models. The in vitro antioxidant activity was assessed in potassium ferricyanide reducing power (PFRAP) assay employing ascorbic acid as the standard drug. Results: Compounds 5, 6, 9 and 10 showed anti-inflammatory activity comparable to the standard drugs and were also found to be non-ulcerogenic at the test doses. Compounds 6-10 exhibited good antioxidant effect in the concentration range of 1.0-50.0 μmol/ml. The test compounds were also found to comply with the Lipinski rule suggesting good oral absorption. Conclusion: A new series of isoxazole based compounds is being reported with good anti-inflammatory activity coupled with antioxidant potential as gastro-sparing anti-inflammatory agents.

Design, synthesis, and evaluation of different scaffold derivatives against NS2B-NS3 protease of dengue virus

The number of deaths or critical health issues is a threat in the infection caused by Dengue virus, which complicates the situation, as only symptomatic treatment is the current solution. In this regard we have targeted the dengue protease NS2B-NS3 that is responsible for the replication. The series was designed with the help of molecular modeling approach using docking protocols. The series comprised of different scaffolds viz. cinnamic acid analogs (CA1–CA11), chalcone (C1–C10) and their molecular hybrids (Lik1–Lik10), analogs of benzimidazole (BZ1-BZ5), mercaptobenzimidazole (BS1-BS4), and phenylsulfanylmethylbenzimidazole (PS1-PS4). Virtual screening of various natural phytoconstituents was employed to determine the interactions of designed analogs with the residues of catalytic triad in the active site of NS2B-NS3. We have further synthesized the selected leads. The synthesized analogs were evaluated for the cytotoxicity and NS2B-NS3 protease inhibition activity and compared with known anti-dengue natural phytoconstituent quercetin as the standard. CA2, BZ1, and BS2 were found to be more potent and efficacious than the standard quercetin as evident from the protease inhibition assay.

A combined experimental and DFT investigation of mono azo thiobarbituric acid based chalcone disperse dyes

A number of monoazo dyes were synthesized by the reaction of 4-aminoacetophenone with different substituted benzaldehydes to give a new series of chalcone derivatives. The diazonium salts of these chalcones then allowed to react with thiobarbituric acid to produce the appropriate azo dye. The structures of the newly synthesized dyes were assigned by IR, NMR spectral data. IR study confirmed the existence of azo-dioxothioxo tautomer in the solid phase while 1H NMR study indicated the predominance of azoenol-oxothioxo or hydrazo-dioxothioxo tautomers. The geometries of the azo and hydrazo tautomeric forms and their electronic absorption of the dyes were optimized at B3LYP/6-311G level of theory. All the azo compounds were evaluated for their dyeing performance on polyester fibers, and PET. All the synthesized dyes gave moderate to excellent fastness properties on PET fiber. The effects of the nature of the substituents on the color and dyeing properties of these dyes have been evaluated. The mechanism of dyeing polyester fiber was discussed.

Chalcones and their B-aryl analogues as myeloperoxidase inhibitors: In silico, in vitro and ex vivo investigations

In the present study, a series of chalcones and their B-aryl analogues were prepared and evaluate as inhibitors of myeloperoxidase (MPO) chlorinating activity, using in vitro and ex vivo assays. Among these, B-thiophenyl chalcone (analogue 9) demonstrated inhibition of in vitro and ex vivo MPO chlorinating activity, exhibiting IC50 value of 0.53 and 19.2 μM, respectively. Potent ex vivo MPO inhibitors 5, 8 and 9 were not toxic to human neutrophils at 50 μM, as well as displayed weak 2,2-diphenyl-1-pycrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH?) and hypochlorous acid (HOCl) scavenger abilities. Docking simulations indicated binding mode of MPO inhibitors, evidencing hydrogen bonds between the amino group at 4′position (ring A) of chalcones with Gln91, Asp94, and Hys95 MPO residues. In this regard, the efficacy and low toxicity promoted aminochalcones and arylic analogues to the rank of hit compounds in the search for new non-steroidal anti-inflammatory compounds.

Design, synthesis and antibacterial activity of chalcones against MSSA and MRSA planktonic cells and biofilms

Staphylococcus aureus is the one of the most successful modern pathogens. The same bacterium that lives as a skin and mucosal commensal can be transmitted in health-care and community-settings and causes severe infections. Thus, there is a great challenge for a discovery of novel anti-Staphylococcus aureus compounds, which should act against resistant strains. Herein, we designed and synthesized a series of 17 chalcones, substituted by amino group on ring A, which were evaluated against methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) and methicillin-resistant S. aureus MRSA planktonic cells. The antibacterial potency was improved by substituents on ring B, which were designed according to Topliss’ manual method. 4-bromo-3′-aminochalcone (5f) was the most active, demonstrating minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 1.9 μg mL?1 and 7.8 μg mL?1 against MSSA and MRSA, respectively. The association of 5f with vancomycin demonstrated synergistic effect against MSSA and MRSA, with Fractional Inhibitory Concentration Index (FICI) values of 0.4 and 0.3, respectively. Subinhibitory concentration of 5f inhibited the MSSA and MRSA adhesion to human keratinocytes. Chalcone 5f was able to reduce MSSA and MRSA biofilm formation, as well as acts on preformed biofilm in concentration-dependent mode. Scanning electron microscopy analyses confirmed severe perturbations caused by 5f on MSSA and MRSA biofilm architecture. The acute toxicity assay, using Galleria mellonella larvae, indicated a low toxic effect of 5f after 72 h, displaying lethality of 20% and 30% at 7.8 μg mL?1 and 78.0 μg mL?1, respectively. In addition, the antibacterial activity spectrum of 5f indicated action against planktonic cells of Enterococcus faecalis (MIC = 7.8 μg mL?1), Acinetobacter baumannii (MIC = 15.6 μg mL?1) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MIC = 5.7 μg mL?1). Altogether, these results open new avenues for 5f as an anti-Staphylococcus aureus agent, with potential applications as antibacterial drug, adjunct of antibiotics and medical devices coating.

ADME properties, bioactivity and molecular docking studies of 4-amino-chalcone derivatives: new analogues for the treatment of Alzheimer, glaucoma and epileptic diseases

In this study, in vitro inhibition effects of (E)-1-(4-aminophenyl)-3-(aryl) prop-2-en-1-one (4-amino-chalcones) derivatives (3a–o) on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzyme and human erythrocyte carbonic anhydrase I and II isoenzymes (hCA I- II) were investigated. And also, the biological activities of 4-amino-chalcone derivatives against enzymes which names are acetylcholinesterase (PDB ID: 1OCE), human Carbonic Anhydrase I (PDB ID: 2CAB), human carbonic anhydrase II (PDB ID: 3DC3), were compared. After the results obtained, ADME/T analysis was performed in order to use 4-amino-chalcone derivatives as a drug in the future. Effective inhibitors of carbonic anhydrase I and II isozymes (hCAI and II) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzymes with Ki values in the range of 2.55 ± 0.35–11.75 ± 3.57?nM for hCA I, 4.31 ± 0.78–17.55 ± 5.86?nM for hCA II and 96.01 ± 25.34–1411.41 ± 32.88?nM for AChE, respectively, were the 4-amino-chalcone derivatives (3a–o) molecules.