2580-77-0Relevant articles and documents
Cathodic oxidation of sulfoxides to sulfones using a tungstate/pertungstate redox mediator
Li, Wei,Nonaka, Tsutomu
, p. 387 - 388 (1997)
A new cathodic oxidation system for the oxidation of sulfoxides was developed. The system involves the cathodic reduction of dioxygen to hydrogen peroxide which oxidizes tungstate to pertungstate in the solution, and sulfoxides arc oxidized to the corresponding sulfones with the resulting tungstate/ pertungstate redox mediator in high cfficncy and selectivity.
Locus-specific microemulsion catalysts for sulfur mustard (HD) chemical warfare agent decontamination
Fallis, Ian A.,Griffiths, Peter C.,Cosgrove, Terence,Dreiss, Cecile A.,Govan, Norman,Heenan, Richard K.,Holden, Ian,Jenkins, Robert L.,Mitchell, Stephen J.,Notman, Stuart,Platts, Jamie A.,Riches, James,Tatchell, Thomas
scheme or table, p. 9746 - 9755 (2011/03/20)
The rates of catalytic oxidative decontamination of the chemical warfare agent (CWA) sulfur mustard (HD, bis(2-chlororethyl) sulfide) and a range (chloroethyl) sulfide simulants of variable lipophilicity have been examined using a hydrogen peroxide-based microemulsion system. SANS (small-angle neutron scattering), SAXS (small-angle X-ray scattering), PGSE-NMR (pulsed-gradient spin-echo NMR), fluorescence quenching, and electrospray mass spectroscopy (ESI-MS) were implemented to examine the distribution of HD, its simulants, and their oxidation/hydrolysis products in a model oil-in-water microemulsion. These measurements not only present a means of interpreting decontamination rates but also a rationale for the design of oxidation catalysts for these toxic materials. Here we show that by localizing manganese-Schiff base catalysts at the oil droplet-water interface or within the droplet core, a range of (chloroethyl) sulfides, including HD, spanning some 7 orders of octanol-water partition coefficient (Kow), may be oxidized with equal efficacy using dilute (5 wt. % of aqueous phase) hydrogen peroxide as a noncorrosive, environmentally benign oxidant (e.g., t1/2 (HD) ～ 18 s, (2-chloroethyl phenyl sulfide, C6H5SCH2CH 2Cl) ～ 15 s, (thiodiglycol, S(CH2CH 2OH)2) ～ 19 s {20°C}). Our observations demonstrate that by programming catalyst lipophilicity to colocalize catalyst and substrate, the inherent compartmentalization of the microemulsion can be exploited to achieve enhanced rates of reaction or to exert control over product selectivity. A combination of SANS, ESI-MS and fluorescence quenching measurements indicate that the enhanced catalytic activity is due to the locus of the catalyst and not a result of partial hydrolysis of the substrate.
THE CHEMISTRY OF 1,1'-THIOBIS(2-CHLOROETHANE) (SULPHUR MUSTARD) PART I: SOME SIMPLE DERIVATIVES
Black, R. M.,Brewster, K.,Harrison, J. M.,Stansfield, N.
, p. 31 - 48 (2007/10/02)
Some derivatives of 1,1'-thiobis(2-chloroethane) (sulphur mustard) have been synthesized for use as reference compounds in a wide range of studies embracing analysis, metabolism, environmental degradation and decontamination.Compounds include products formed by hydrolysis, substitution and elimination reactions and their oxidised sulphoxide and sulphone analogues.A comprehensive series of methylthio, methylsulphinyl and methylsulphonyl derivatives has been synthesised in support of metabolic studies. Key words: Thiobis(2-chloroethane) and derivatives; analysis; metabolism; environmental degradation; decontamination
