111-48-8Relevant articles and documents
A magnetically retrievable heterogeneous copper nanocatalyst for the synthesis of 5-substituted tetrazoles and oxidation reactions
Darabi, Mitra,Tamoradi, Taiebeh,Ghadermazi, Mohammad,Ghorbani-Choghamarani, Arash
, p. 703 - 710 (2017)
Abstract: A copper complex anchored on functionalized Fe3O4 nanoparticles was prepared by a simple and inexpensive procedure using commercially available materials. The prepared catalyst was characterized by a range of physical and spectroscopic techniques. Ease of operation, high efficiency, eco-friendly procedure, easy separation of the catalyst and reusability for several consecutive runs without significant loss of its activity are several advantages of this catalyst. The catalytic activity has been explored for the oxidation of sulfides, oxidative coupling of thiols and synthesis of 5-substituted tetrazoles. Graphical Abstract: A magnetically retrievable heterogeneous copper nanocatalyst for the synthesis of 5-substituted tetrazoles and oxidation reactions[Figure not available: see fulltext.].
Facile hydrolysis-based chemical destruction of the warfare agents VX, GB, and HD by alumina-supported fluoride reagents
Gershonov,Columbus,Zafrani
, p. 329 - 338 (2009)
(Chemical Equation Presented) A facile solvent-free hydrolysis (chemical destruction) of the warfare agents VX (O-ethyl S-2-(diisopropylamino)ethyl methylphosphonothioate), GB (O-isopropyl methylphosphonofluoridate or sarin), and HD (2,2′-dichloroethyl sulfide or sulfur mustard) upon reaction with various solid-supported fluoride reagents is described. These solid reagents include different alumina-based powders such as KF/Al2O3, AgF/KF/Al2O3, and KF/Al2O3 enriched by so-called coordinatively unsaturated fluoride ions (termed by us as ECUF-KF/Al2O3). When adsorbed on these sorbents, the nerve agent VX quickly hydrolyzed (t1/2 range between 0.1-6.3 h) to the corresponding nontoxic phosphonic acid EMPA as a major product (>90%) and to the relatively toxic desethyl-VX (1/2 range between 2.2-161 h). The reaction rates and the product distribution were found to be strongly dependent on the nature of the fluoride ions in the KF/Al2O 3 matrix and on its water content. All variations of the alumina-supported fluoride reagents studied caused an immediate hydrolysis of the highly toxic GB (t1/2 31P, 13C, and 19F MAS NMR.
Synthesis of macroscopic monolithic metal-organic gels for ultra-fast destruction of chemical warfare agents
Li, Heguo,Pan, Hongjie,Tao, Cheng-An,Wang, Lingyun,Yang, Guang,Zhang, Shouxin,Zhou, Chuan
, p. 22125 - 22130 (2021)
The potential threat that has originated from chemical warfare agents (CWAs) has promoted the development of advanced materials to enhance the protection of civilian and military personnel. Zr-based metal-organic frameworks (Zr-MOFs) have recently been demonstrated as excellent catalysts for decomposing CWAs, but challenges of integrating the microcrystalline powders of Zr-MOFs into monoliths still remain. Herein, we report hierarchically porous monolithic UiO-66-X xerogels for the destruction of CWAs. We found that the UiO-66-NH2xerogel with a larger pore size and a higher surface area than the UiO-66-NH2powder possessed better degradability of 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (2-CEES), which is a sulfur mustard simulant. These UiO-66-X xerogels exhibit outstanding performance for decomposing CWAs. The half-lives of vesicant agent sulfur mustard (HD) and nerve agentO-ethylS-[2-(diisopropylamino)ethyl] methylphosphonothioate (VX) are as short as 14.4 min and 1.5 min, respectively. This work is, to the best of our knowledge, the first report on macroscopic monolithic UiO-66-X xerogels for ultrafast decomposition of CWAs.
Metal ferrite nanoparticles: Synthesis, characterization, and studies on decontamination of sulfur mustard
Praveen Kumar,Prasad,Ramacharyulu,Singh, Beer,Anchal Roy
, p. 833 - 840 (2017)
Mg, Ca, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mn-Zn, and Co-Zn metal ferrite and mixed metal ferrite nanoparticles were synthesized by co-precipitation method and were characterized by using transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and nitrogen adsorption techn
La complex supported on magnetic nanoparticles: green, efficient, novel and reusable nanocatalyst for the synthesis of 5-substituted tetrazoles and the oxidation reactions in neat condition
Tamoradi, Taiebeh,Irandoust, Asrin,Ghadermazi, Mohammad
, p. 1723 - 1733 (2019)
In the present work, we were interested in the synthesis of green and novel magnetic nanocatalyst by anchoring La complex on Fe3O4. The nanocatalyst was successfully synthesized and characterized by FT-IR, SEM, TGA, XRD, EDX, and ICP techniques. The designed procedure shows many benefits such as short reaction time, high yield, excellent purity, eco-friendly catalyst, easy workup and easy recovery from the reaction mixture by external magnet. [Figure not available: see fulltext.].
A mechanism of alkali metal carbonates catalysing the synthesis of β-hydroxyethyl sulfide with mercaptan and ethylene carbonate
Liu, Dongliang,Thomas, Tiju,Gong, Hong,Li, Fei,Li, Qiang,Song, Lijuan,Azhagan, Tamil,Jiang, Heng,Yang, Minghui
, p. 9367 - 9374 (2019)
The reaction of β-hydroxyethylation is essential to the current practice of organic chemistry. Here, we proposed a new and green route to synthesize 2-hydroxyethyl n-alkyl sulfide with n-alkyl mercaptan and ethylene carbonate (EC) in the presence of alkali carbonates as catalysts and revealed the mechanism by experiments and theoretical calculations. The reaction reported proceeds rapidly with high yields when it is performed at 120 °C and the catalytic loading is ～1 mol%. This protocol is applicable to other mercaptans to synthesize the corresponding β-hydroxyethyl sulfide. Density functional theory-based calculations show the energy profile for the reaction pathway. The rate-determining step is the ring-opening of EC. A negatively charged O atom of alkali carbonates approaches the S atom of -SH under the influence of hydrogen bonds. An activated S atom that carries more negative charge serves as a nucleophilic reagent and assists in the ring-opening of EC by reducing the Mayer bond orders of the C1-O1 bond in EC. Alkali cations also contribute to the C1-O1 bond cleavage. The energy barrier for the ring-opening of EC decreases with the decrease of electronegativity of alkali cations. Subsequent transference of a H atom leads to the formation of β-hydroxyethyl sulfide, the dissociation of CO2 and the reduction of K2CO3
Kinetics and Mechanism of the Oxidation of 2-Mercaptoethanol by Hydrogen Peroxide in Aqueous Solution
Leung, Ping-Sang K.,Hoffmann, Michael R.
, p. 5267 - 5271 (1985)
The kinetics of oxidation of 2-mercaptoethanol by H2O2 to 2-hydroxethyl disulfide in aqueous solution has been studied.Over the pH range 9 to 13, the rate law for the oxidation of 2-mercaptoethanol was found to be where R is HOC2H4, K' is the apparent acid dissociation constant of H2O2, K'a1 and K'a2 are the apparent acid dissociation constants of HOC2H4SH and HOC2H4S-, respectively, and aH+ is the hydrogen ion activity.A nonlinear least-squares fit of experimental data to the above rate law gave values of k1 = 12.64 +/- 0.54 M-1 s-1 and k2 = 0.93 +/- 0.39 M-1 s-1 at 20 deg C.The rate law and other data indicate that the reaction proceeds via a nucleophilic displacement by thioethanol on hydrogen peroxide with the formation of HOCH2CH2SOH as a intermediate.
Zirconium oxide complex-functionalized MCM-41 nanostructure: An efficient and reusable mesoporous catalyst for oxidation of sulfides and oxidative coupling of thiols using hydrogen peroxide
Hajjami, Maryam,Shiri, Lotfi,Jahanbakhshi, Azar
, p. 668 - 673 (2015)
Zirconium oxide complex-functionalized mesoporous MCM-41 (Zr-oxide@MCM-41) as an efficient and reusable catalyst is reported for the oxidation of sulfides into sulfoxides using hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as the oxidant, with short reaction times in good to excellent yields at room temperature under solvent-free conditions. Also, a simple and efficient method is reported for the oxidative coupling of thiols into corresponding disulfides in good to high yields using H2O2 as oxidant in the presence of Zr-oxide@MCM-41 as recoverable catalyst in ethanol at room temperature. A series of sulfides and thiols possessing functional groups was successfully converted into corresponding products. After completion of reactions the catalyst was easily separated with simple filtration from the reaction mixture and reused for several consecutive runs without significant loss of catalytic efficiency. The mesoporous catalyst was characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area measurements, X-ray diffraction, transmission and scanning electron microscopies, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis.
A dual-function all-inorganic intercluster salt comprising the polycation ?-[Al13O4(OH)24(H2O)12]7+and polyanion α-[PMo10V2O40]5-for detoxifying sulfur mustard and soman
Gao, Qi,Tao, Fangsheng,Wang, Yong'An,Yin, Jianbo,Yu, Jialin,Zhang, Lijuan,Zhong, Yuxu,Zhou, Yuanyuan,Zhou, Yunshan
supporting information, p. 8122 - 8135 (2020/07/10)
?-[Al13O4(OH)24(H2O)12]7+, which shares similarity with the phosphotriesterase active site ZnII-OH-ZnII, was specially chosen to interact with the cluster α-PMo10V2O405- to form a new three-dimensional intercluster, which crystallized in the monoclinic space group P21/m with Z = 2, for the decontamination of chemical warfare agents. The experimental results showed that 50 mg of the compound decontaminated 96.4percent (within 120 min) and 99.5percent (within 40 min) of sulfur mustard (HD) (4 μL) and soman (GD) (4 μL), respectively, in ambient conditions. The decontamination processes followed first-order reaction kinetics with a rate constant and half-life of 0.01234 min-1 and 56.15 min for HD and 0.1198 min-1 and 5.78 min for GD, respectively. It was concluded that the α-PMo10V2O405- moiety was responsible for the catalytic oxidation of HD into non-toxic sulfoxide, while the ?-[Al13O4(OH)24(H2O)12]7+ moiety was responsible for the catalytic hydrolysis of HD and GD into nontoxic hydrolysates. Besides, the compound showed notable efficacy for the decontamination of HD on guinea pig skin and of GD on Kunming mouse skin, indicating high potential for use in human skin protection and treatment. This journal is
Degradation of Sulfur Mustard on KF/Al2O3: The Role of Organic Solvents and Active Species
Fridkin, Gil,Columbus, Ishay,Yehezkel, Lea,Zafrani, Yossi
, p. 10541 - 10545 (2018/07/25)
Solvent effects on the ability of KF/Al2O3 supports to degrade the warfare agent sulfur mustard (HD) were explored. RP-KF/Al2O3 possessing hydroxide ions and ECUF/KF/Al2O3 holding fluoride
