2819-56-9Relevant articles and documents
Continuous-Flow Preparation of γ-Butyrolactone Scaffolds from Renewable Fumaric and Itaconic Acids under Photosensitized Conditions
Gérardy, Romaric,Winter, Marc,Horn, Clemens R.,Vizza, Alessandra,Van Hecke, Kristof,Monbaliu, Jean-Christophe M.
, p. 2012 - 2017 (2017)
The method and results described herein concern the photosensitized addition of various alcohols to renewable platform fumaric and itaconic acids under scalable continuous-flow conditions in glass micro- and mesofluidic reactors. Alcohols were used both as reagents and as solvents, thus contributing to a reduced environmental footprint. Process parameters such as the temperature, light intensity, and the nature as well as amount of the photosensitizer were assessed under microfluidic conditions and, next, transposed to a lab-scale mesofluidic reactor connected with an in-line NMR spectrometer for real-time reaction monitoring. Substituted γ-butyrolactones, including spiro derivatives with unique structural features, were obtained with quantitative conversion of the starting materials and in 47-76% isolated yields. The model photoaddition of isopropanol to fumaric acid was next successfully transposed in a pilot-scale continuous-flow photoreactor to further demonstrate scalability.
COSMETIC OR DERMATOLOGICAL COMPOSITION COMPRISING A POLYMER BEARING JUNCTION GROUPS, AND COSMETIC TREATMENT PROCESS
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, (2010/10/03)
The present patent application relates to a cosmetic or dermatological composition comprising, in a cosmetically or dermatologically acceptable medium, a polymer comprising: (a) a polymer backbone that may be obtained by reaction: of a polyol comprising 3 to 6 hydroxyl groups;of a monocarboxylic acid containing 6 to 32 carbon atoms;of a polycarboxylic acid comprising at least two carboxylic groups COOH, and/or of a cyclic anhydride such as a polycarboxylic acid and/or of a lactone comprising at least one carboxylic group COOH; and(b) at least one junction group linked to the said polymer backbone and capable of establishing H bonds with one or more partner junction groups, each pairing of a junction group involving at least three H (hydrogen) bonds. The patent application also concerns a cosmetic treatment process using the said composition.
Mechanism of formation of 5,5-cyclopentamethylene-3,4-dicarbethoxyfuranone-2 from ethyl β,β-pentamethyleneglycidate and diethyl malonate
Gedam, Hema S.,Bagavant, G.
, p. 1278 - 1280 (2007/10/02)
An O18 isotope study of the reaction of glycidate (1c) with diethyl malonate leading to a furanone diester (2d) reveal that there is a ring cleavage followed by an intramolecular cyclisation.Isotopic evidence for the Darzen's reaction is given.The glycidate (1c) does not undergo cleavage with benzylamine, however with hydrogen chloride a chlorohydrin through the cleavage of the epoxide ring is obtained.