28917-41-1Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Reduction of 1-(2-Chloroethyl)-2-nitrobenzene and 1-(2-Bromoethyl)-2- nitrobenzene at carbon cathodes: Electrosynthetic routes to 1-nitro-2- vinylbenzene and 1H -indole
Du, Peng,Peters, Dennis G.
experimental part, p. F167-F172 (2010/11/21)
Studies of the electrochemical reductions of 1-(2-chloroethyl)-2- nitrobenzene (1) and 1-(2-bromoethyl)-2-nitrobenzene (2) at carbon cathodes in dimethylformamide (DMF) containing tetramethylammonium tetrafluoroborate (TMABF4) have been undertaken. Cyclic voltammograms for 1 and 2 exhibit three irreversible cathodic peaks, the first of which is attributed to one-electron reduction of the nitro group, and the resulting nitro radical-anion immediately reacts as a base with the adjacent alkyl halide moiety via an E2 elimination to produce 1-nitro-2-vinylbenzene. At a potential corresponding to the first cathodic peak, bulk electrolyses of 1 or 2 in the absence of a proton donor afford 1-nitro-2-vinylbenzene as principal product, along with 1H -indole and a dimeric species. However, when 1 or 2 is electrolyzed in the presence of either phenol or 2,4-pentanedione as a proton source, the only significant product is 1H -indole. A mechanistic picture for the reductions of 1 and 2 is proposed, and a separate examination of the electrochemical behavior of 1-nitro-2-vinylbenzene has been included as part of this work.
7-Substituted 5-amino-2-(2-furyl)pyrazolo[4,3-e]-1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-c]pyrimidines as A2A adenosine receptor antagonists: A study on the importance of modifications at the side chain on the activity and solubility
Baraldi,Cacciari,Romagnoli,Spalluto,Monopoli,Ongini,Varani,Borea
, p. 115 - 126 (2007/10/03)
It was demonstrated in the early 1990s that adenosine exerts many physiological functions through the interaction with four different receptors, named A1, A2A, A2B, and A3. In the past few years, our group has been involved in the development of A2A antagonists, which led to the synthesis of SCH 58261 (1), the first potent and selective adenosine A2A antagonist, which has been widely used as a reference compound. In this paper, we present an extended series of pyrazolotriazolopyrimidines synthesized with the aim to investigate the influence of the substitutions on the pyrazole ring. The choice of the substituents was based on their capability to improve water solubility while retaining high affinity and selectivity at the human A2A adenosine receptor subtype. In this series, some structural characteristics that are important for activity, i.e., tricyclic structure, free amino group at 5-position, furan ring, and substituent at 7-position on the pyrazole moiety, have been maintained. We focused our attention on the nature of the phenyl ring substituent to improve water solubility. Following this strategy, we developed new compounds with good affinity and selectivity for A2A adenosine receptors, such as 8d (Ki 0.12 nM; hA1/hA2A ratio = 1025; Rm = 2.8), 8h (Ki 0.22; hA1/hA2A ratio = 9818; Rm = 3.4), 8i (Ki 0.18 nM; hA1/hA2A ratio = 994; Rm = 2.8), 8k (Ki 0.13 nM; hA1/hA2A ratio = 4430; Rm = 3.6), and 14b (Ki 0.19 nM; hA1/hA2A ratio = 2273; Rm = 2.7). All the new synthesized compounds have no significant interaction with either A2B or A3 receptor subtypes. This new series of compounds deeply enlightens some structural requirements to display high affinity and selectivity for the A2A adenosine receptor subtype, although our goal of identifying new compounds with increased water solubility was not completely achieved. On this basis, other strategies will be devised to improve this class of compounds with a profile that appears to be promising for treatment of neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's disease.
Nucleoside derivatives with photolabile protective groups
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, (2008/06/13)
The invention relates to nucleo-side derivatives with photo-unstable protective groups of the general formula (I) in which R1 is H, NO2, CN, OCH3, halogen, alkyl or alkoxyalkyl with 1 to 4 C atoms, R2 is H, OCH3, R3 is H, F, Cl, Br, NO2 or an aliphatic ac
New photolabile protecting groups in nucleoside and nucleotide chemistry - Synthesis, cleavage mechanisms and applications
Giegrich,Eisele-Buehler,Hermann,Kvasyuk,Charubala,Pfleiderer
, p. 1987 - 1996 (2007/10/03)
New photolabile protecting groups have been found in the 2-(2- nitrophenyl)ethoxycarbonyl and the 2-(2-nitrophenyl)ethylsulfonyl group, respectively. The influence of substituents at the phenyl ring as well as the side-chain has been investigated regarding the photolysis rates on irradiation at 365 mn. β-Branching in the side-chain leads to highly increased rates of photodeprotection. A new type of photocleavage mechanism consisting of a photoinduced β-elimination process is proposed.
