32122-64-8

Upstream product

• 1122-85-6 phenyl cyanate 
• 140-53-4 p-chlorobenzyl cyanide 
• 99779-68-7 1-chloro-4-chlorodicyanomethylbenzene 
• 91880-00-1 (1,2,3-trimethylcyclopropenyl)(p-chlorophenyl)malononitrile 
• 637-87-6 1-Chloro-4-iodobenzene 
• 109-77-3 malononitrile 
• 106-39-8 bromochlorobenzene 
• 122-01-0 4-chloro-benzoyl chloride 
• 86145-08-6 1-chloro-4-dicyanotrimethylsiloxymethylbenzene 
• 99067-47-7 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-cyanoacetamide 
• 30758-60-2 methyl [2-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-cyano]acetate 

Downstream Products

• 91880-00-1 (1,2,3-trimethylcyclopropenyl)(p-chlorophenyl)malononitrile 
• 74-11-3 para-chlorobenzoic acid 
• 1404449-42-8 4-(4-chlorophenyl)-1H-pyrazole-3,5-diamine 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Design of an Electron-Withdrawing Benzonitrile Ligand for Ni-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Involving Tertiary Nucleophiles

The design of new ligands for cross-coupling is essential for developing new catalytic reactions that access valuable products such as pharmaceuticals. In this report, we exploit the reactivity of nitrile-containing additives in Ni catalysis to design a benzonitrile-containing ligand for cross-coupling involving tertiary nucleophiles. Kinetic and Hammett studies are used to elucidate the role of the optimized ligand, which demonstrate that the benzonitrile moiety acts as an electron-acceptor to promote reductive elimination over β-hydride elimination and stabilize low-valent Ni. With these conditions, a protocol for decyanation-metalation and Ni-catalyzed arylation is conducted, enabling access to quaternary α-arylnitriles from disubstituted malononitriles.

Preparation of O-Protected Cyanohydrins by Aerobic Oxidation of α-Substituted Malononitriles in the Presence of Diarylphosphine Oxides

A mild, reagent-cyanide-free, and efficient synthesis of O-phosphinoyl-protected cyanohydrins from readily available α-substituted malononitriles was realized using diarylphosphine oxides in the presence of O2. Mechanistic studies indicated that in addition to the initial aerobic oxidation of the malononitrile derivative notable features of this process include the formation of a tetrahedral intermediate and a subsequent intramolecular rearrangement. The phosphinoyl-protecting group can be removed by alcoholysis or by reduction with DIBAL-H.

Effect of Substituents on the Bond Strength of Air-Stable Dicyanomethyl Radical Thermochromes

A series of substituted aryl dicyanomethyl radicals were synthesized, and the bonding thermodynamic parameters for self-dimerization were determined from van't Hoff plots obtained from variable-temperature electron paramagnetic resonance and ultraviolet-v

HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS FOR THE INHIBITION OF PASK

Disclosed herein are new heterocyclic compounds and compositions and their application as pharmaceuticals for the treatment of disease. Methods of inhibiting PAS Kinase (PASK) activity in a human or animal subject are also provided for the treatment of diseases such as diabetes mellitus.

Process for Preparing 2-Arylcarbonyl Compounds, 2-Aryl Esters and 2-Arylnitriles and their Heteroaromatic Analogues

Process for preparing compounds by cross-coupling of enolizable carbonyl compounds, nitriles or their analogues with substituted aryl or heteroaryl compounds in the presence of a Br?nsted base and of a catalyst or precatalyst containing a.) a transition m

A convenient protocol for the synthesis of hindered aryl malononitriles

A technically feasible method has been developed for the synthesis of variety of aryl malononitriles in high yields (70-95%) using the palladium-catalyzed coupling reaction of malononitrile with aryl bromides and chlorides, respectively. The influence a s

Industrial R&D on catalytic C-C and C-N coupling reactions: A personal account on goals, approaches and results

R&D issues for the application of Pd- and Ni-catalyzed C-C and C-N coupling reactions in the fine chemicals industry are discussed. In a first part, some background is given on industrial R&D and the role of C-C and C-N coupling for preparative applicatio

Termodynamics and Kinetics of Carbon-Carbon Bond Formation and Heterolysis Through Reactions of Carbocations with Carbanions in Solution

Rate data are presented for the heterolysis of carbon-carbon bonds and their formation through coordination of resonance-stabilized carbocations and carbanions in acetonitrile solution at 25 deg C.These rates were determined by NMR line broadening and by the T jump technique (in a solution containing 0.48 M supporting electrolyte).Preliminary results are given for a "master equation" to predict some heterolysis energies in solution as a complement to Benson's method for homolysis energies.The results provide for the first time an opportunity to compare the effects of structure variation on the kinetic and thermodynamic properties for such an ostensibly simple reaction in solution.All evidence so far accumulated indicates that these reactions are dominated by ion-solvation factors so that they have little bearing on the gas-phase heterolysis energies.Ionic strength effects and substituent variation suggest that charge development is about half developed at the transition state, but we argue that this cannot be translated simply into pictures of transition-state structure.The results provide a flagrant reversal of the frequently invoked "reactivity selectivity principle" since the most reactive cation is also most selective.On the basis of these results and many others which have appeared recently it may be appropriate to discard the reactivity selectivity principle as a useful principle for either prediction or interpretation.

A NEW APPROACH TO ARYLMALONONITRILES

Arylmalononitriles were prepared from the corresponding benzoyl chlorides by three reaction steps.Treatment of the starting substances with cyanotrimethylsilane in the presence of pyridine gave dicyanotrimethylsiloxymethylbenzenes, which were transformed

A New Method of Synthesis of Arylmalononitriles catalysed by a Palladium Complex

Arylmalononitriles are prepared in good yields using a palladium-catalysed coupling reaction between aryl halides and malononitrile.