3225-30-7

Upstream product

• 123540-69-2 α-(4-Hydroxyphenoxy)acetophenone 
• 81685-30-5 O-protonated para-benzoquinone 
• 69884-58-8 trichloromethyl peroxyl 
• 123-31-9 hydroquinone 
• 73761-31-6 dichloromethylperoxyl 
• 137475-52-6 perfluorobutylperoxyl radical 
• 280-57-9 1,4-diaza-bicyclo[2.2.2]octane 
• 106-51-4 p-benzoquinone 
• 2403-89-6 1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-piperidin-4-ol 
• 121-44-8 triethylamine 
• 7087-68-5 N-ethyl-N,N-diisopropylamine 
• 3528-17-4 2,3-dihydro-4H-[1]benzothiopyran-4-one 
• 4971-41-9 hydroxy-diphenyl-methyl 
• 22205-99-8 1-phenylethanol-1-yl radical 

Downstream Products

• 123-31-9 hydroquinone 
• 106-51-4 p-benzoquinone 
• 154286-48-3 C₇H₈NO 
• 54737-34-7 4-(N,N-dimethylamino)phenoxyl radical 
• 949926-49-2 etin 
• 2597-43-5 hydroxymethyl radical 
• 4971-41-9 hydroxy-diphenyl-methyl 
• 2406-15-7 α-hydroxybenzyl radical 
• 22205-99-8 1-phenylethanol-1-yl radical 
• 5131-95-3 2-hydroxy-2-propyl radical 
• 81685-30-5 O-protonated para-benzoquinone 
• 120651-12-9 p-nitrobenzenediazonium radical 
• 2348-46-1 ethanol radical 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Direct EPR detection of a hydrogen-bonded complex between a semiquinone radical anion and a protonated amino acid, and electron transfer driven by hydrogen bonding

Strong hydrogen bonding in a complex of a semiquinone radical anion and protonated histidine (His·2 H+), detected for the first time by EPR spectroscopy during photoinduced electron transfer from 10,10′-dimethyl-9,9′-biacridine (D) to 1-(p-toly

One-step versus stepwise mechanism in protonated amino acid-promoted electron-transfer reduction of a quinone by electron donors and two-electron reduction by a dihydronicotinamide adenine dinucleotide analogue. Interplay between electron transfer and hyd

Semiquinone radical anion of 1-(p-tolylsulfinyl)-2,5-benzoquinone (TolSQ?-) forms a strong hydrogen bond with protonated histidine (TolSQ?-/His·2H+), which was successfully detected by electron spin resonance. Strong hydro

The effect of the medium polarity on the mechanism of the reaction of hydroxybenzenes with hydrazyl radical in aprotic solvents

Mechanisms of the reaction of di- and trihydroxybenzenes with 2,2′-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (stable radical) in aprotic media of different polarity have been elucidated by experimental and quantum-chemical methods. Kinetic, stoichiometric, and activation

Phenolic hydrogen abstraction by the triplet excited state of thiochromanone: A laser flash photolysis study

Triplet ketones are known to oxidize biological substrates which can lead to damage of several biomolecules such as amino acids, nucleosides and DNA. As part of our systematic study on the interaction between carbonyl compounds and phenols, the triplet reactivity of thiochromanone (1) towards substituted phenols, in acetonitrile, was investigated employing the laser fash photolysis technique. The quenching rate constants ranged from (1.1 ± 0.1) × 108 L mol-1 s-1 (4-cyanophenol) to (5.8 ± 1.0) × 109 L mol-1 s-1 (hydroquinone). A Hammett plot for the reaction of triplet 1 with phenols containing polar substituents resulted in a reaction constant ρ =-0.90. This negative value observed for the reaction constant ρ is in accord with a mechanism in which the hydrogen transfer from phenols to the triplet carbonyl involves a coupled electron/proton transfer.

Kinetics and mechanisms of reactions of the nitrate radical (NO 3) with substituted phenols in aqueous solution

Second order rate constants were obtained for the reactions of the nitrate radical (NO3) with substituted phenols in aqueous solutions at 298 K and pH = 0.5. The following compounds were investigated and the corresponding rate constants are rep

Photoreduction of p-Benzoquinones: Effects of Alcohols and Amines on the Intermediates and Reactivities in Solution

The photochemistry of 1,4-benzoquinone (BQ) and alkyl-, Cl- and related derivatives, e.g. methyl-, 2,6-dimethyl-, chloro-, 2,5-dichloro-1,4-benzoquinone, duroquinone and chloranil, was studied in nonaqueous solvents by UV-vis spectroscopy using nanosecond laser pulses at 308 nm. The reactivity of the triplet state (3Q*) of the quinones with 2-propanol in the absence of water is largest for BQ and depends mainly on the quinone structure, whereas the rate constant of electron transfer from amines, such as triethylamine (TEA) or 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane, is close to the diffusion-controlled limit for BQ and most derivatives. Photoinduced charge separation after electron transfer from amines to 3Q* and the subsequent charge recombination or neutralization are supported by time-resolved conductivity measurements. The half-life of the decay kinetics of the semiquinone radical (.QH/Q.-) depends significantly on the donor and the medium. The photoconversion into the hydroquinones was measured under various conditions, the quantum yield, λirr = 254 nm, increases with increasing 2-propanol and TEA concentrations. The effects of quenching of 3Q*, the .QH/Q.- radicals and the photoconversion are outlined. The mechanisms of photoreduction of quinones in acetonitrile by 2-propanol are compared with those by TEA in benzene and acetonitrile, and the specific properties of substitution are discussed.

Diphenol radical cations and semiquinone radicals as direct products of the free electron transfer from catechol, resorcinol and hydroquinone to parent solvent radical cations

In the pulse radiolysis of solutions of catechol, resorcinol and hydroquinone in n-butylchloride, dihydroxybenzene radical cations (40%) as well as semiquinone radicals (60%) are observed as direct synchronously formed products of the electron transfer from the solvent parent ions to the solute. This is explained in terms of free electron transfer succeeding in nearly every encounter of the reactants, which in the case of the studied dihydroxybenzenes involves femtosecond molecular dynamics effects. The rotation of the C-OH bond causes cycling of the molecule through transient conformations also exhibiting different electron distributions. From the more chemical point of view, the diphenol radical cations represent the first and till now unknown intermediates of oxidative semiquinone radical formation.

The reactivity of ketyl and alkyl radicals in reactions with carbonyl compounds

A parabolic model of bimolecular radical reactions was used for analysis of the hydrogen transfer reactions of ketyl radicals: >C+OH + R1COR2 → >C=O + R1R2C+OH. The parameters describing the reactivity of the reagents were calculated from the experimental data. The parameters that characterize the reactions of ketyl and alkyl radicals as hydrogen donors with olefins and with carbonyl compounds were obtained: >C+OH + R1CH=CH2 → >C=O + R1C+ HCH3; >R1CH=CH2 + R2C+HCH2R3 → R2C+HCH3 + R2CH=CHR3. These parameters were used to calculate the activation energies of these transformations. The kinetic parameters of reactions of hydrogen abstraction by free radicals and molecules (aldehydes, ketones, and quinones) from the C-H and O-H bonds were compared.

Photoreduction of Triplet Benzophenone by Tertiary Amines: Amine Molecular Structure and Ketyl Radical Yield

The photoreduction of triplet benzophenone by 14 tertiary amines was investigated. The ketyl radical yields do not correlate with the quenching rate constants, nor with the electron donor propensity of the amines. Individual structural features of the amines seem to determine the photoreduction yields.

Radiolytic decomposition of 4-bromophenol and 4-chlorophenol in dilute aqueous solution

The pH dependence of azide radical, hydroxyl radical and hydrated electron induced decomposition of 4-chloro- and 4-bromophenol was investigated by pulse radiolysis in airfree solutions under reducing and oxidizing conditions and also in air saturated sol