33984-97-3

Upstream product

• 28446-72-2 (2E)-3-(4-chlorophenyl)acrylonitrile 
• 33984-97-3 2,3-epoxy-3-(4-chlorophenyl)propanenitrile 
• 104-88-1 4-chlorobenzaldehyde 
• 107-14-2 chloroacetonitrile 

Downstream Products

• 56791-34-5 Methyl trans-3-(4-chlorophenyl)oxirane-2-carboxylate 
• 56791-34-5 methyl cis-3-(4-chlorophenyl)glycidate 
• 343965-61-7 5-(4-Chloro-phenyl)-2,2-dimethyl-[1,3]dioxolane-4-carbonitrile 
• 33984-97-3 cis-2,3-epoxy-3-(4-chlorophenyl)propanenitrile 
• 556053-62-4 2R,3S-(-)-3-(4-chlorophenyl)glycidamide 
• 62236-80-0 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-1H-indole 
• 1878-66-6 4-chlorophenylacetic Acid 
• 71512-20-4 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-N-phenylacetamide 
• 14062-24-9 4-chloro-benzeneacetic acid, ethyl ester 
• 858788-75-7 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-methyl-1H-indole 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

BF3·OEt2-promoted tandem Meinwald rearrangement and nucleophilic substitution of oxiranecarbonitriles

Tandem Meinwald rearrangement and nucleophilic substitution of oxiranenitriles was realized. Arylacetic acid derivatives were readily synthesized from 3-aryloxirane-2-carbonitriles with amines, alcohols, or water in the presence of boron trifluoride under microwave irradiation, and the designed synthetic strategy includes introducing a cyano leaving group into arylepoxides and capturing the in situ generated toxic cyanide with boron trifluoride, making the reaction efficient, safe, and environmentally benign. The reaction occurs through an acid-promoted Meinwald rearrangement, producing arylacetyl cyanides, followed by an addition-elimination process with nitrogen or oxygen-containing nucleophilic amines, alcohols or water. The current method provides a new application of the tandem Meinwald rearrangement.

BF 3 ·oEt 2 -Catalyzed Synthesis of anti -β-(N -Arylamino)-α-hydroxynitriles by Regio- And Diastereospecific Ring Opening of 3-Aryloxirane-2-carbonitriles with Anilines

A safe and convenient synthetic method to anti -β-(N -arylamino)-α-hydroxynitriles from 3-aryloxirane-2-carbonitriles and anilines was developed under the catalysis of BF 3 ·OEt 2 in ethanol. In this method, BF 3 ·OEt 2 first reacts with ethanol to produce the true catalyst of super- acid H[B(OEt)F 3], followed by an acid-catalyzed regio- and diastereospecific ring opening of oxirane-2-carbonitriles with anilines, generating anti -β-(N -arylamino)-α-hydroxynitriles. The method features the advantages of non-metal catalysis, short reaction times, and easy operation, and uses an environmentally friendly solvent.

Metal-free and regiospecific synthesis of 3-arylindoles

A convenient, metal-free, and organic acid-base promoted synthetic method to prepare 3-arylindoles from 3-aryloxirane-2-carbonitriles and arylhydrazine hydrochlorides has been developed. In the reaction, the organic acid catalyzes a tandem nucleophilic ri

Oxygenophilic Lewis Acid Promoted Synthesis of 2-Arylindoles from Anilines and Cyanoepoxides in Alcohol

A convenient synthetic method to indoles from anilines and cyanoepoxides was developed under the catalysis of BF3·OEt2 or AlCl3 in alcohols. The reaction involves a tandem reaction of the regiospecific ring-opening of cyanoepoxides with anilines, elimination of cyanide, intramolecular aromatic electrophilic substitution, and water elimination. The Lewis acid generated protic acid is an efficient catalyst. The method features readily accessible starting materials, wide substrate scope, transition-metal-free environment, and regiospecificity in the ring-opening of cyanoepoxides.

ALPHA-HYDROXY-BETA-AZIDO-TETRAZOLES

Alpha-hydroxy-beta-azido tetrazole compounds of formula (I): a process for manufacturing alpha-hydroxy-beta-azido tetrazoles of formula (I), and their use for synthesizing new compounds, e.g. in “click” chemistry.

Concerning the reactivity of dioxiranes. Observations from experiments and theory

The challenging hypothesis of a biphilic (i.e., electrophilic vs nucleophilic) character for dioxirane reactivity, which envisages that electron-poor alkenes are attacked by dioxiranes in a nucleophilic fashion, could not be sustained experimentally. Rate data, which estimate Hammett rho values for the epoxidation of 3- or 4-substituted cinnamonitriles X·Ph-CH=CH-CN, unequivocally allow one to establish that dioxiranes epoxidize electrophilically even alkenes carrying electron-withdrawing-groups. The greater propensity of methyl(trifluoromethyl) dioxirane TFDO (1b) to act as an electrophilic oxidant with respect to dimethyldioxirane DDO (1a) parallels the cathode reduction potentials for the two dioxiranes, as measured by cyclic voltammetry. A simple FMO approach for alkene epoxidation is helpful to conceive a likely rationale for the greater oxidizing power of TFDO as compared to DDO.

Biotransformations of 2,3-epoxy-3-arylpropanenitriles by Debaryomyces hansenii and Mortierella isabellina cells

Biotransformations of five substituted cis- and trans-oxiranecarbonitriles with Mortierella isabellina DSM 1414, a microbial whole-cell catalyst producing epoxide hydrolases, were investigated. The reactions were stopped when the conversion of the substrates reached 50%. They yielded the appropriate optically active dihydroxycarbonitriles and oxiranecarbonitriles in low enantiomeric purity. Kinetic resolution of rac-syn-2,3-dihydroxy-3-arylpropanenitriles by lipase catalyzed acetylation yielded almost enantiomerically pure (-)-dihydroxynitriles and mixtures of regioisomers of monoacetylated diols. Another microorganism, Debaryomyces hansenii DSM 3428, was used as a source of nitrile hydratases in the kinetic resolution of oxiranecarbonitriles. Only two trans-configured compounds were transformed into the corresponding oxiranecarboxamides.

Expedient synthesis of glycidonitriles by darzens condensation of α-halogenonitriles with aldehydes and ketones

Chloroacetonitrile (1), α-halogenopropionitriles 4, and α-chlorophenylacetonitrile (6) react with aldehydes 2a,b,h-o and ketones 2c-g,p-t in the presence of solid NaOH in THF or DME, without any added catalyst, affording substituted glycidonitriles 3a-t, 5a, c-g,r,s and 7a,b,i,j,u,v, respectively (Darzens condensation). The glycidonitriles 3a-h, prepared from 1 and carbonyl compounds 2a-h, are obtained in high yields, exceeding those reported in the literature (Table 5). Expedient results of the reactions studied are due to increased reactivity of anions with Na+ as counterion in ethereal solvents. Investigation of the concentration of NaOH and the carbanion of diphenylacetonitrile in selected solvents reveals that ethereal solvents may increase the solubility of the anions participating in Darzens condensation.

Nitrile biotransformations for highly efficient and enantioselective syntheses of electrophilic oxiranecarboxamides

Catalyzed by a nitrile hydratase/amidase-containing microbial Rhodococcus sp. AJ270 whole-cell catalyst, a number of racemic trans-2,3-epoxy-3-arylpropanenitriles 1 underwent rapid and efficient hydrolysis under very mild conditions to afford 2R,3S-2-arylglycidamides 2 in excellent yield with enantiomeric excess higher than 99.5%. The overall enantioselectivity of the biotransformations originated from the combined effects of a dominantly high 2S-enantioselective amidase and low 2S-enantioselective nitrile hydratase involved in the cell. The influence of the substrates on both reaction efficiency and enantioselectivity was also discussed in terms of steric and electronic effects.

REACTION OF 4-SUBSTITUTED BENZALDEHYDES AND ACETOPHENONES WITH CHLOROACETONITRILE

Under conditions of phase-transfer catalysis or in homogeneous solution of potassium tert-butoxide the title compounds give stereoisomeric mixtures of substituted 2,3-epoxy nitriles III and IV.Alkaline hydrolysis of epoxy nitriles IV afforded the corresponding 2-arylpropanals in low yields.On treatment with methanol and potassium carbonate, epoxy nitriles III and IV were converted into epoxy esters in good yields.