39027-57-1Relevant articles and documents
Ligand-Controlled Regiodivergence in Nickel-Catalyzed Hydroarylation and Hydroalkenylation of Alkenyl Carboxylic Acids**
Deng, Ruohan,Engle, Keary M.,Fu, Yue,Gao, Yang,Li, Zi-Qi,Liu, Peng,Tran, Van T.
supporting information, p. 23306 - 23312 (2020/10/19)
A nickel-catalyzed regiodivergent hydroarylation and hydroalkenylation of unactivated alkenyl carboxylic acids is reported, whereby the ligand environment around the metal center dictates the regiochemical outcome. Markovnikov hydrofunctionalization products are obtained under mild ligand-free conditions, with up to 99 % yield and >20:1 selectivity. Alternatively, anti-Markovnikov products can be accessed with a novel 4,4-disubstituted Pyrox ligand in excellent yield and >20:1 selectivity. Both electronic and steric effects on the ligand contribute to the high yield and selectivity. Mechanistic studies suggest a change in the turnover-limiting and selectivity-determining step induced by the optimal ligand. DFT calculations reveal that in the anti-Markovnikov pathway, repulsion between the ligand and the alkyl group is minimized (by virtue of it being 1° versus 2°) in the rate- and regioselectivity-determining transmetalation transition state.
An atom-economic approach to carboxylic acids via Pd-catalyzed direct addition of formic acid to olefins with acetic anhydride as a co-catalyst
Wang, Yang,Ren, Wenlong,Shi, Yian
supporting information, p. 8416 - 8419 (2015/08/06)
An effective Pd-catalyzed hydrocarboxylation of olefins using formic acid with acetic anhydride as a co-catalyst is described. A variety of carboxylic acids are obtained in good yields with high regioselectivities under mild reaction conditions without the use of toxic CO gas.
Lipase catalysed kinetic resolutions of 3-aryl alkanoic acids
Deasy, Rebecca E.,Brossat, Maude,Moody, Thomas S.,Maguire, Anita R.
experimental part, p. 47 - 61 (2011/04/18)
Hydrolase catalysed kinetic resolutions leading to a series of 3-aryl alkanoic acids (≥94% ee) are described. Hydrolysis of the ethyl esters with a series of hydrolases was undertaken to identify biocatalysts that yield the corresponding acids with excellent enantiopurity in each case. Steric and electronic effects on the efficiency and enantioselectivity of the biocatalytic transformation were also explored.
